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[Full title: Kohala on miscellaneous concepts of 狈腻峁瓂补: Construction of the Play-house (苍腻峁瓂补-艣腻濒腻)]

啶呧ぅ 啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶侧��
啶曕�嬥す啶侧ぞ啶︵�嵿く啷佮�曕�嵿い啶�啶距ぐ啷嵿�椸�囙�� 啶多ぞ啶侧ぞ啶ㄠた啶班�嵿ぎ啶距ぃ啶�啶距�氞ぐ啷囙い啷� 啷�
啶むい 啶夃う啷嵿ぇ啷冟い啷嵿く 啶�啶距す啷佮げ啷嵿く啶�啶�啶距い啷� 啶曕た啶炧�嵿�氞た啶ㄠ�嵿ぎ啶�啷嬥�氞�嵿く啶む�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�

atha 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻濒腻
kohal膩dyuktam膩rge峁嘺 艣膩l膩nirm膩峁嘺m膩caret |
tata uddh峁泃ya b膩hulyabhay膩t ki帽cinmayocyate || 3.42 ||

鈥�(厂补峁単墨迟补苍腻谤腻测补峁嘺, Vol. II, p.424) 

In the third chapter of 厂补峁単墨迟补苍腻谤腻测补峁嘺, 笔耻谤耻峁�o迟迟补尘补 惭颈艣谤补 says that the theatre-house should be constructed in the manner that has been prescribed by Kohala and others. He says that he has taken the material from Kohala and others, but will summarise those for fear of superfluity. The description that follows has some details on construction, which is followed by a mantra that is to be recited just before raising the pillars and then, some other details from 厂补峁単墨迟补诲腻尘辞诲补谤补. 

Following are the relevant verses.

啶むい啷嵿ぐ 啶氣��
啶�啷傕ざ啷佮う啷嵿ぇ啶苦が啶侧た啶曕ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶距う啶� 啶曕�冟い啷嵿さ啶� 啶�啶苦い啷嵿い啶苦�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啷嬥�溹く啷囙い啷� 啷�
啶�啶苦い啷嵿い啶苦さ啷嵿く啶距お啶距ぐ啶ㄠた啶掂�冟い啷嵿い啷� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啷嵿き啶距え啶距�� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啶ㄠ�� 啶�啶掂�囙い啷� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶多�佮き啷� 啶︵た啶ㄠ�� 啶膏ぞ啶ㄠ�佮�曕�傕げ啷� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶苦ぐ啶ㄠ�曕�嵿し啶む�嵿ぐ啶侧�椸�嵿え啶�啷嬥�� 啷�
啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啷嵿き啶距え啶距�� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啶ㄠ�� 啶曕�佮ぐ啷嵿く啶距い啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶苦ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ啷嬥お啷嬥し啶苦い啷� 啶椸�佮ぐ啷佮�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啷嵿き啶距�� 啶膏�嵿く啷佮�� 啶栢ぞ啶︵た啶班ぞ啶� 啶膏ぞ啶班�嵿�溹�嵿�溹ぞ啶� 啶�啶距え啶膏�� 啶班ぞ啶曕�嵿い啶氞え啷嵿う啶ㄠぞ啶� 啷�
啶呧�椸�嵿ぐ啶ㄠ�嵿ぅ啶�啷� 啶灌�嵿く啶多�佮し啶苦ぐ啶距�� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啷傕げ啶距�椸�嵿ぐ啶距ざ啷嵿�氞ぞ啶むた啶�啶苦�氞�嵿�涏た啶侧ぞ啶� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶むい啷嵿ぐ 啶�啶ㄠ�嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶冣��
啶�啶ムぞ啶洁�氞げ啷� 啶椸�佮ぐ啷佮ぐ啷嵿ぎ啷囙ぐ啷佮ぐ啷嵿す啶苦ぎ啶掂ぞ啶傕ざ啷嵿�� 啶�啶ムぞ啶洁�氞げ啶� 啷�
啶�啶ム�� 啶椸た啶班た啶�啶灌�囙え啷嵿う啷嵿ぐ啶多�嵿�� 啶むぅ啶� 啶む�嵿さ啶�啶氞げ啷� 啶�啶� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶忇さ啶� 啶�啶ㄠ�嵿い啷嵿ぐ啶� 啶膏ぎ啷佮�氞�嵿�氞ぞ啶班�嵿く 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啶�啷囙い啷嵿じ啷嵿い啶�啷嵿き啶�啶掂�嵿ぐ啶｀ぎ啷� 啷�
啶︵�冟ざ啷嵿く啶む�� 啶�啶距さ啶︵�囙い啷囙し啶距�� 啶むう啶班�嵿ぇ啶� 啶ㄠた啶栢え啷囙う啷嵿き啷佮さ啶� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶む�囙し啶距�� 啶�啷傕げ啶距え啶� 啶�啶む�嵿え啷囙え 啶膏た啶曕い啶距き啶苦�� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啷傕ぐ啶�啷囙い啷� 啷�
啶掂た啶︵ぇ啷嵿く啶距う啷嵿う啷�啶班�嵿�樴さ啶苦じ啷嵿い啶距ぐ啷� 啶�啶距い啷嵿ぐ啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶距え啷佮ぐ啷傕お啶む�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶︵ぞ啶�啷嬥う啶班じ啷嵿い啷佲��
啶灌じ啷嵿い啶掂た啶傕ざ啶むた啶掂た啶膏�嵿い啶距ぐ啶� 啶班�權�嵿�椸き啷傕ぎ啶苦ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶ㄠ�嬥す啶班ぞ 啷�
啶囙い啷嵿く啶� 啷�
啶多ぞ啶侧ぞ啶�啶о�嵿く啷� 啶� 啶曕ぐ啷嵿い啶掂�嵿く啶� 啶膏�嵿い啶�啷嵿き啶距え啶距�� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶�啶ㄠ�� 啶�啷佮ぇ啷堗�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶曕�佮ぐ啷嵿く啶距う啷佮お啶班た啶�啶距�椸�� 啶む�� 啶︵ぞ啶班�佮さ啷冟う啷嵿ぇ啶苦き啶苦ぐ啶距さ啷冟い啶�啷� 啷�
啶椸さ啶距�曕�嵿し啶�啶苦い啷嵿い啶�啶多�嵿�氞た啶む�嵿ぐ啷堗�� 啶多ぞ啶侧き啶炧�嵿�溹��啶�啶苦ぐ啶ㄠ�嵿さ啶苦い啶距�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶曕げ啶多�堗ざ啷嵿�� 啶�啶むぞ啶曕ぞ啶�啶苦ぐ啷嵿さ啶苦い啶距え啷堗じ啷嵿い啷嬥ぐ啶｀�堗ぐ啶�啶� 啷�
啶夃ぐ啷嵿う啷嵿ぇ啶掂き啶距�椸�� 啶�啷佮い啶� 啶曕ぞ啶班�嵿く啶� 啶�啷佮し啷嵿お啶�啶距げ啷嵿く啷堗ぐ啶侧�權�嵿�曕�冟い啶� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶呧ぇ啷嬥き啶距�椸�� 啶曕�佮�熰�嵿�熰た啶�啶� 啶膏�嵿く啶距い啷� 啶膏�佮ぇ啶距き啶苦�� 啶�啶班た啶侧�囙お啶苦い啶� 啷�
啶ㄠぞ啶むた 啶多�嵿げ啶曕�嵿し啷嵿ぃ啶� 啶膏�嵿ぅ啶侧�� 啶曕�佮ぐ啷嵿く啶距い啷� 啶�啶距う啶� 啶膏�嵿�栢げ啶むた 啶氞�囙い啷嵿い啶ム�� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶оぞ啶�啷嵿え啶膏�嵿い啷冟い啷�啶�啶�啶距�椸�囙え 啶ㄠ�囙お啶ム�嵿く啶� 啶�啶多�嵿�氞た啶�啶距う啶苦ざ啶� 啷�
啶曕ぞ啶班く啷囙い啷嵿い啶む�嵿�� 啶�啶距い啷嵿ぐ啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶掂�囙ざ啶ㄠぞ啶む�嬥う啷嵿く啶曕ぞ啶ㄠた 啶� 啷� 啷�.啷�啷� 啷�
啶囙い啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶多ぞ啶侧ぞ啶�啷� 啷�

tatra ca鈥�
产丑奴艣耻诲诲丑颈产补濒颈办补谤尘腻诲颈 办峁泃惫腻 产丑颈迟迟颈峁� prayojayet |
bhittivy膩p膩raniv峁泃tau sthambh膩n膩峁� sthapana峁� bhavet || 3.43 ||
艣ubhe dine s膩nuk奴le sthira苍补办峁�a迟谤补lagnayo岣� |
sthambh膩n膩峁� sthapana峁� kury膩ttrir膩tropo峁�ito guru岣� || 3.44 ||
sthambh膩岣� syu岣� kh膩dir膩岣� s膩rjj膩岣� p膩nas膩 r膩ktacandan膩岣� |
agranthayo hya艣u峁�ir膩岣� sth奴l膩gr膩艣c膩tipicchil膩岣� || 3.45 ||
tatra 尘补苍迟谤补岣�鈥�
yath膩'calo gururmerurhimav膩峁兣沜a yath膩'肠补濒补岣� |
yath膩 girimahendra艣ca tath膩 tvamacalo bhava || 3.46 ||
别惫补峁� 尘补苍迟谤补峁� samucc膩rya sthapayetstambhamavra峁嘺m |
d峁浥泍ate y膩vadete峁Ｄ佱箖 tadardha峁� nikhanedbhuvi || 3.47 ||
te峁Ｄ佱箖 m奴l膩ni yatnena sikat膩bhi岣� prap奴rayet |
vidadhy膩dd墨rghavist膩rau p膩tran膩峁瓂膩nur奴pata岣� || 3.48 ||
诲腻尘辞诲补谤补蝉迟耻鈥�
hastavi峁兣沘tivist膩r膩 ra峁単abh奴mirmanohar膩 |
ityaha |
艣膩l膩madhye na kartavya峁� stambh膩n膩峁� sthapana峁� budhai岣� || 3.49 ||
kury膩duparibh膩ga峁� tu 诲腻谤耻v峁沝dhibhir膩v峁泃am |
gav膩k峁�abhittaya艣citrai岣� 艣腻濒补bha帽j墨bhiranvit膩岣� || 3.50 ||
kala艣ai艣ca pat膩k膩bhirvit膩naistora峁嘺irapi |
urddhavabh膩go yuta岣� k膩rya岣� pu峁�pam膩lyairala峁卥峁泃a岣� || 3.51 ||
补诲丑辞产丑腻驳补岣� 办耻峁�峁�颈尘补岣� sy膩t sudh膩bhi岣� parilepita岣� |
n膩ti 艣lak峁ａ箛a峁� sthala峁� kury膩t p膩da岣� skhalati cettath膩 || 3.52 ||
诲丑腻尘苍补蝉迟峁泃墨测补产丑腻驳别苍补 苍别辫补迟丑测补峁� pa艣cim膩di艣i |
k膩rayettatra p膩tr膩峁嚹佱箖 ve艣an膩todyak膩ni ca || 3.53 ||
iti 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻濒腻m | 

It is interesting to note that the above verses are found verbatim (albeit with a few minor variances) in 厂补峁単墨迟腻谤峁嘺惫补肠补苍诲谤颈办补 of 狈墨濒补办补峁囜弓丑补^[1]. 

At the outset the appropriate oblations for 产丑奴-艣耻诲诲丑颈 (purification of the earth) must be performed after which the foundation should be laid. Having built the foundation, the pillars must be erected. On a favourable and auspicious day, when the 苍补办峁�a迟谤补 (stars) and lagna are sthira (positive), the pillars should be raised and the priest who is raising the pillar must observe a fast for three nights. The pillars are to be made from the khadira, sarja, panasa (jackwood) or rakta candana (red sandal) trees. The wood chosen for the pillars should not be knotted (agrantha) or hollow (补艣耻峁�i谤补), should have sufficient girth in the top part also (蝉迟丑奴濒腻驳谤补) and be highly resinous (atipicchila). 

The [following] benediction is to be uttered, after which the pillars which are devoid of any wounds (damages) are to be erected鈥�

啶�啶ムぞ啶氞げ啷� 啶椸�佮ぐ啷佮ぐ啷嵿ぎ啷囙ぐ啷佮ぐ啷�-啶灌た啶�啶掂ぞ啶傕ざ啷嵿�� 啶�啶ムぞ啶氞げ啶�, 啶�啶ム�� 啶椸た啶班た-啶�啶灌�囙え啷嵿う啷嵿ぐ啶多�嵿�� 啶むぅ啶� 啶む�嵿さ啶�啶氞げ啷� 啶�啶�

yath膩calo gururmerur-himav膩峁兣沜a yath膩肠补濒补岣�, yath膩 giri-mahendra艣ca tath膩 tvamacalo bhava

鈥淢ay you stand as unmovable as the meru and 丑颈尘腻濒补测补 and firm as a great king鈥�.

Half the measure of the height of the pillars must be dug out and that pit should be filled up with sand. The length and breadth must be decided based on the requirements of the plays as well as the 辫腻迟谤补蝉 (number of actors that might be on stage at a time etc.). According to 厂补峁単墨迟补诲腻尘辞诲补谤补, the stage, built of a length of twenty hastas (hand lengths) will be attractive. 

Further, there must not be any pillars placed in the middle of the theatre. The ceiling should be covered with wood (诲腻谤耻) and the walls must have many windows made in different styles and having dolls and decorative pieces made of 艣腻濒补 wood (艣腻濒补bha帽jik膩s) placed on them. The top of the ceiling should be embellished with several 办补濒补艣补蝉 (round pinnacles which are placed at the top of a temple), flags and a canopy with flower garlands. The lower platform should be plastered and must be smeared with lime. But the floor should not be too smooth as that might cause the feet to slip. One third of the whole stage area should be allocated for the green room and this should be in the western direction. Here the actors can change costumes and the instruments can be placed. 

A similar account can be found in the second chapter of 狈腻峁瓂补艣膩stra, though the construction of the play-house is dealt with in much more detail. Bharata describes three different types of play-houses which were devised by 痴颈艣惫补办补谤尘补, the divine architect. 

They are 惫颈办峁涐梗峁璦 (oval-shaped) which is large in size, 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补 (square) which is of medium size and 迟谤测补艣谤补 (triangular) which is a small sized theatre-house. 

啶�啷嵿ぐ啷堗�曕�嵿し啶距�椸�冟す啶距ぃ啶距�� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙し啶距�� 啶む�嵿ぐ啶苦お啷嵿ぐ啶曕ぞ啶班�� 啶掂た啶оた啶� 啶膏�嵿ぎ啷冟い啶� 啷�
啶掂た啶曕�冟し啷嵿�熰ざ啷嵿�氞い啷佮ぐ啶多�嵿ぐ啶多�嵿�� 啶む�嵿ぐ啶膏ざ啷嵿ぐ啶多�嵿�氞�堗さ 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啷嬥�曕�嵿い啷冟き啶苦�� 啷�
啶曕え啷�啶�啶膏�嵿い啷� 啶膏�嵿ぎ啷冟い啶� 啶む�嵿ぐ啷嵿く啶多�嵿ぐ啶� 啶氞い啷佮ぐ啶多�嵿ぐ啶� 啶� 啶�啶о�嵿く啶�啶� 啷�
啶溹�嵿く啷囙し啷嵿�犩�� 啶掂た啶曕�� 啶粪�嵿�熰�� 啶掂た啶溹�嵿�炧�囙く啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶熰�嵿く啶掂�囙ざ啷嵿ぎ啶�啷嵿ぐ啶�啷嬥�曕�嵿い啷冟き啶苦�� 啷�

praik峁Ｄ乬峁沨膩峁嚹佱箖 sarve峁Ｄ佱箖 triprak膩ro 惫颈诲丑颈岣� sm峁泃a岣� |
惫颈办峁涐梗峁璦艣肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补艣ca trasa艣ra艣caiva prayokt峁沚hi岣� ||
kan墨yastu sm峁泃a峁� 迟谤测补艣谤补峁� 肠补迟耻谤补艣谤补峁� ca madhyama峁� |
jye峁ａ弓ha峁� vik峁� 峁ａ弓a峁� vij帽eya峁� n膩峁瓂ave艣maprayokt峁沚hi岣� || 

鈥擭a峁瓂a艣膩stra of Bharatamuni: 1992: GOS Vol. II: p. 54

Bharata also gives much more information about the measurements and other details regarding the construction of the play-house. However, the views that 笔耻谤耻峁�o迟迟补尘补 Mi艣r膩 presents looks like a mere abridgement of Bharata鈥檚. There does not seem to be much new information that 鈥楰ohala and the others' have added to this.

It is interesting to note that works like 厂补峁単墨迟补诲腻尘辞诲补谤补 of 艢耻产丑补峁卥补谤补 (15th century C.E.), which also belong to the tradition of works in the east-coast of India, do not have any mention of Kohala. Authors of works like 厂补峁単墨迟补苍腻谤腻测补峁嘺, 厂补峁単墨迟腻谤峁嘺惫补肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 etc. on many an occasion refer to this work. Even in the above extract, 笔耻谤耻峁�o迟迟补尘补 Mi艣r膩 quotes 厂补峁単墨迟补诲腻尘辞诲补谤补 when he prescribes the measurement of the stage to be twenty hand-lengths. It is strange that this statement is not found in the text of 厂补峁単墨迟补诲腻尘辞诲补谤补. In fact, there is no discussion on the subject of 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻濒腻-nir奴pa峁嘺m at all in this work). This raises doubts about the authenticity of the citations found in 厂补峁単墨迟补苍腻谤腻测补峁嘺.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

厂补峁単墨迟腻谤峁嘺惫补肠补苍诲谤颈办腻: 1995: V. 4.262-273, pp. 203-204