Kohala in the Sanskrit textual tradition (Study)
by Padma Sugavanam | 2011 | 95,782 words
This page relates 鈥楰ohala and Natya (5): Other varieties of plays: Saindhavaka鈥� of the thesis dealing with Kohala鈥檚 contribution to the Sanskrit textual tradition of ancient Indian performing arts. The study focuses specifically on music (Gita), dance (Nritya), and drama (Natya). Although Kohala鈥檚 original works have not been found, numerous references to him across Lakshana-Granthas (treatises) and works by modern scholars indicate his significance.
Go directly to: Footnotes.
Kohala and N膩峁瓂a (5): Other varieties of plays: Saindhavaka
啶むう啷囙い啶︵ぞ啶� 啶ぞ啶む啶班ぎ啶苦い啷嵿く啶︵た啶ㄠぞ 啷� 啶溹ぞ啶むぞ啶掂啶曕さ啶氞え啶 啷� 啶む啶� 啶い啷嵿ぐ 啶ぞ啶む啶班ぞ啶｀た 啶啶班ぞ啶曕啶む啶班啶掂啶ㄠ啶班啶啶曕啶むぞ啶ㄠた, 啶呧い 啶忇さ 啶掂た啶啶班し啷嵿啶� 啶膏啶曕啶むさ啶苦ざ啷囙し啶� 啶班じ啷嬥啶苦い啶� 啶曕ぞ啶曕啶掂ぇ啷嵿く啶距く啷� 啶曕ぅ啶苦い啶啶班啶掂, 啶� 啶忇し 啶啶班し啷嵿啶距い啷嵿ぎ啶� 啶啶班啶多 啶ㄠ啶む 啶膏啶曕啶む 啶い啷嵿ぐ, 啶膏啶粪啶犩啶掂啶啷嵿い啶苦ぐ啷嵿く啶む 啶班じ啶膏啶� 啶む啶ㄠ啶� 啶曕ぐ啶｀啶� 啶掂啶｀ぞ啶掂ぞ啶︵啶ぞ啶︵た啶曕啶班た啶く啶距え啷嵿さ啶苦い啶� 啶ぞ啶む啶班 啶膏啶ㄠ啶оさ啶曕ぎ啶苦い啶� 啶掂た啶粪く啶むう啷嵿さ啶む啶班き啷囙う啷嬥お啶氞ぞ啶班ぞ啶む 啷� 啶む啶� 啶︵ざ啶班啶啶膏啶� 啶う啷嵿き啶距し啶距啷冟い啶� 啶掂啶氞た啶む啶班啶 啶曕啶灌げ啶距う啶苦き啶苦ぐ啷佮啷嵿い啶� 啶むう啶苦す 啶啶ㄠた啶ㄠぞ 啶膏啶ㄠ啶оさ啶距啷嵿啶ㄠた啶班啶ぃ啷� 啶膏啶掂啶曕啶むぎ啷囙さ 啷�
tadetad膩ha 辫腻迟谤补mityadin膩 | j膩t膩vekavacanam | tena yatra p膩tr膩峁噄 辫谤腻办峁泃补irvacanairyukt膩ni, ata eva 惫颈产丑谤补峁ａ弓补岣� sa峁僰etavi艣e峁岣� rasocita岣� k膩kvadhy膩ye kathitap奴rva岣�, sa e峁 bhra峁ａ弓膩tm膩 产丑谤补峁兣沘峁� 苍墨迟补岣� sa峁僰eto yatra, su峁ａ弓huvyaktiryato rasasya tenaiva kara峁噀na 惫墨峁嚹乿膩dy膩dikriyay膩nvita峁� 辫腻迟谤补峁� saindhavakamiti 惫颈峁测补tadvatorabhedopac膩r膩t | tena 诲补艣补谤奴辫补办补sya yadbh膩峁Ｄ乲峁泃a峁� 惫补颈肠颈迟谤测补峁� kohal膩dibhirukta峁� tadiha munin膩 saindhav膩峁単anir奴pa峁噀 sv墨k峁泃ameva |
鈥�(础产丑颈苍补惫补产丑腻谤补迟墨, Commentary on 19.131. GOS Vol. III, p.72)
The above extract is the commentary for the following verse in 狈腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补.
啶ぞ啶む啶班 啶掂た啶啶班し啷嵿啶膏啷嵿啷囙い啶� 啶膏啶掂啶啷嵿い啶曕ぐ啶｀ぞ啶ㄠ啶掂た啶むぎ啷� 啷�
啶啶班ぞ啶曕啶む啶班啶掂啶ㄠ啶班啶啶曕啶む 啶掂た啶︵啶� 啶膏啶ㄠ啶оさ啶曕 啶啶оぞ啶� 啷� 啷оク.啷оォ啷� 啷�
啶班啶さ啶距う啷嵿く啶距う啶苦じ啶傕く啷佮啷嵿い啶� 啶ぞ啶犩啶啶� 啶� 啶掂た啶掂ぐ啷嵿啶苦い啶 啷�
啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶 啶灌た 啶むい啷嵿い啷� 啶掂た啶溹啶炧啶 啶膏啶ㄠ啶оさ啶� 啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶啷嬥さ啶苦う啷堗 啷� 啷оク.啷оォ啷� 啷�辫腻迟谤补峁� vibhra峁ａ弓asa峁卥eta峁� suvyaktakara峁嚹乶vitam |
辫谤腻办峁泃补irvacanairyukta峁� vidu岣� saindhavaka峁� budh膩岣� || 19.131 ||
r奴pav膩dy膩disa峁儁ukta峁� p膩峁環yena ca vivarjitam |
苍腻峁瓂补峁� hi tattu vij帽eya峁� saindhava峁� 苍腻峁瓂补kovidai岣� || 19.132 ||[1](Trans: When [one represents] a lover who has failed to keep his tryst and is using 笔谤腻办峁泃 [to express his grief] through well-performed 碍补谤补峁嘺蝉, it is [an instance of] the Saindhavaka.[2])
The knowledgeable in 苍腻峁瓂补 say that saindhava is that variety of dance wherein there is use of instruments and no 辫腻峁环测补 (dialogue).
The verse 19.132 has been given in the GOS edition in brackets. It is not found in some other editions. The subject matter under discussion is Bharata鈥檚 acceptance of many other varieties of plays which do not under the categories of 诲补艣补谤奴辫补办补.
Saindhava mentioned herein is one of the ten[3] 濒腻蝉测腻峁単补蝉 and saindhavaka is a variety of drama that uses the saindhava type of dance:
啶椸啶お啶︵ 啶膏啶ムた啶むお啶距啷嵿く啶ぞ啶膏啶ㄠ 啶啶粪啶啶｀啶∴た啶曕ぞ 啷�
啶啶班啷嵿啷囙う啶曕 啶む啶班た啶啶⑧ 啶� 啶膏啶ㄠ啶оさ啶距啷嵿く啶� 啶︵啶掂た啶啶⑧啶 啷� 啷оク.啷оェ啷� 啷�
啶夃い啷嵿い啶啶む啶む啶 啶氞啶掂ぎ啷佮啷嵿い啶啶班い啷嵿く啷佮啷嵿い啶啶� 啶� 啷�
啶侧ぞ啶膏啶 啶︵ざ啶掂た啶о 啶灌啶啶むう啶權啶椸え啶苦ぐ啷嵿う啷囙ざ啶侧啷嵿し啶｀ぎ啷� 啷� .啷оエ啷� 啷�驳别测补辫补诲补峁� sthita辫腻峁环测补m膩s墨na峁� 辫耻峁补驳补峁囜笉颈办腻 |
pracchedaka峁� trim奴岣峢a峁� ca saindhav膩khya峁� dvim奴岣峢akam || 19.119 ||
uttamottakama峁� caivamuktapratyuktameva ca |
l膩sye da艣avidha峁� hyetada峁単anirde艣alak峁峁嘺m || .120 ||鈥敱纺遽弓y补艣腻蝉迟谤补 of Bharatamuni: 2003: GOS Vol. III: pp.67-68
In this extract, in certain varieties of plays, Abhinava says that some characters use dialects of 辫谤腻办峁泃补, due to which the matter that is to be communicated is slightly distorted. But this does not hinder the communication or affect the advent of rasa because that is ensured by 办腻办耻. In cases where the plot has slipped from its course while trying to communicate it, but the rasa is brought out well by enacting/miming the playing the 惫墨峁嚹� etc., or where there is identity of the 鈥�惫颈峁测补鈥� (character) and the 鈥�tadvat鈥� (惫墨峁嚹� player etc.), that 辫腻迟谤补 is called saindhavaka. At this juncture, Abhinava brings in Kohala when he says that there are many types of plays wherein the variegation (vaicitrya) is created by the use of different languages and that Kohala has mentioned/ described all of these. He also says that Bharata鈥檚 mention of the saindhavaka play which is one of these forms indicates his concurrence and acceptance of these forms also.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
狈腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补 of Bharatamuni: 2003: GOS Vol. III: p.72
[2]:
狈腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补 of Bharatamuni: 2006: Vol. II: p.684
[3]:
Bharata mentions ten 濒腻蝉测腻峁単补蝉, Ramakrishna Kavi adds two more based on the Abhinavabharati.