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Jivanandana of Anandaraya Makhin (Study)

by G. D. Jayalakshmi | 2019 | 58,344 words

This page relates ‘Analysis of Shvabhavokti� of the study on the Jivanandana (in English) which is a dramatic play written by Anadaraya Makhin in the 18th century. The Jivanandana praises the excellence of Advaita Vedanta, Ayurveda (medical science) and Dramatic literature as the triple agency for obtaining everlasting bliss.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

This ṅk occurs in many places in the play.

(i) This ṅk is used to describe ṇḍ who had just now risen from sleep and is still yawning.

He is seen yawning with a loud noise; his eyes are ruddy; mouth is wide open, with a very thick and red long tongue, stretched out; and in this act his shoulders are lifted fully up with all his ten fingers twisted (II.8):

āraktasaṅkucadapāṅgamudagradaṃṣṭraṃvyādāya vaktramurupāṭaladīrghajihvam |
uccairbhujau valayitau grāthitāṅgulīkau kurvan saśabdamiha jṛmbhaṇamātanoti ||

Here the appearance of a person as he is waking up is described quite naturally and hence the ṅk is Śvabhāvokti.[1]

(ii) There is a splendid natural description of a mid-day in the king’s garden–because of the heat of the sun, the beautiful peacocks are seen sitting near the waterfalls flowing down from the mountain; on the banks of the rivers, inside the holes of big trees, the snakes are seen sleeping enjoying the gentle breeze carrying the fragrance of the lotuses (IV.3):

āsīdanti viśālaśailaśikharabhraśyannadīnirjharā�
  śuklāpāṅgakulāni sūryakiraṇai� śūnyāmaraṇyāvanīm |
屹ٲṭaṇḍī첹ܱܰṅkDZԴǻ岵Ի󾱲
  tṛpyanto ܳ svapanti ca nadītīre bileṣūragā� ||

(iii) The beating of the drums announcing the approach of mid-day makes the parrots in the cages flutter out of fear; and all who had who had been engrossed in different action stop their work and listen to the drum. This natural scenery is presented by the poet beautifully as an example of 屹ǰپ (IV.2):

ǻ岹ṣjٲپ岵īīṛt�
  ⲹ� paṣjaragarbha eva cakitānudbhrāmayanta� śukān |
kāryavyāpriyamāṇamānavamukha� karṣantamātmonmukha�
  madhyāhnāgamasūcanāya paṭaho dhatte 󱹲Ծ� ḍiٲ� ||

(iv) 屹ǰپ has been handled effectively even while depicting an emotional moment. On seeing ñԲ Ś who had for long been his friend and had been away for sometime now, king ī is overwhelmed with joy and is moved emotionally beyond words that tears come from his eyes. His voice is choked as he controls his tears and addresses ñԲ Ś.

This moving scene is well presented by the poet quite naturally with no embellishments (VI.8):

ātha suciraviyogāt saṃdihāna� sakhitvekimapi vivaśacetā nirbharairharṣabhārai� |
kathamapi samudaśrurbāṣpasaṃruddhakaṇṭho vacanamidamavocanmattahaṃsasvareṇa ||

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

See, com. p. 82: ciraṃnidrābhaṅagena ye kila prakṛtyaiva prādurbhaveyustānatra Ծṇa� svabhāvoktyā nirvarṇitavān 첹� |

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