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Atharvaveda and Charaka Samhita

by Laxmi Maji | 2021 | 143,541 words

This page relates ‘Sushruta-Samhita (Ayurveda book)� found in the study on diseases and remedies found in the Atharvaveda and Charaka-samhita. These texts deal with Ayurveda—the ancient Indian Science of life—which lays down the principles for keeping a sound health involving the use of herbs, roots and leaves. The Atharvaveda refers to one of the four Vedas (ancient Sanskrit texts encompassing all kinds of knowledge and science) containing many details on Ayurveda, which is here taken up for study.

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śܳٲ-ṃh (Āܰ岹 book)

śܳٲ-ṃh—The status of Suśruta-ṃh is second only to Caraka-ṃh in the history of Āܰ岹. This anthology of Suśruta, one of the twelfth disciples of Dhanvantari, was reformed by 岵ܲԲ but is known as the śܳٲ-ṃh. In the Ѳٲ, Suśruta is said to be the son of Maharṣi վś峾ٰ, an expert in surgery and a disciple of Dhanvantari. When Dhanvantari, a scholar of Āܰ岹, was born as a ṣaٰⲹ named Divodāsa at Kāśīdhāma by the order of ٱ𱹲Ჹ Indra, վś峾ٰ found out about it in meditation and sent his son Suśruta there for teaching Āܰ岹. Later, Suśruta's writings became reformed in the hands of 岵ܲԲ and became known as śܳٲ-ṃh. The śܳٲ-ṃh, compiled by Suśruta, was composed in the fifth or sixth century AD.

The śܳٲ-ṃh division has six sections and many chapters. Sūtra sthāna consists of forty-eight chapters and describes the meanings of surgical terms and the classification of herbs. ԲٳԲ consists of eighteen chapters and describes the causes and symptoms of the disease. Śarīra sthāna consists of ten chapters and describes the human body and has descriptions and embryology. 侱쾱ٲٳԲ consists of forty chapters and Large chapters rich in details of the treatment of various diseases. Kalpa sthāna consists of six chapters and describes Various poisons and their reactions and medical system. Uttaratantra consists of six chapters. 岵ܲԲ is considered to be the author of this part. Here Combined different topics. According to Suśruta, there are seven types of surgical procedures-Chedana, Bhedana, Lekhana, Traṣyana, Āharaṇa, Bisravarṇa and Sīvana. Āⲹ Suśruta was an expert in Kaumārbhṛtya[1].

Many Commentaries have been written in the śܳٲ-ṃh. Notable among them are the oldest commentators like Jaiyaṭa, Gayadāsa, Cakrapāṇi-ṛt (1080 AD) Գܳī, Nibandhasaṃgraha by Dalhvaṇa, besides Śrīmādhaba, Ჹṭa, Kaupālika etc. The śܳٲ-ṃh popularized the book with its simplicity of language and presentation of the subject, the duties of surgery in necropsy, asceticism, haemorrhoids, fractures, flesh transplants and brain surgery[2].

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy, Prachin Bharate Ayurveda o Rasayan Chinta, Salil Saha & Asim Chattopadhyay (eds.), Kolkata, Deepayan, 2014, p.73.

[2]:

Suśruta ṃh of Maharṣi Suśruta Vol. I -III, Anant Ram Sharma (ed.), Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Prakashan, 2018, pp. 1-600, 1-596, 1-538.

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