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Ashta Nayikas and Dance Forms (study)

by V. Dwaritha | 2013 | 71,711 words

This page relates ‘Examples of Khandita� of the study dealing with the Ashta-Nayikas—a classification of eight kinds of “Heroines� representing the eight emotional states (avastha) employed in the classical Indian dance and performing arts (otherwise known as Natya Shastra). These Ashtanayikas reflect the eight types of romantic relationships and have hence formed the expressive subject of many classical painting, poems and dramatic plays.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Part 5 - Examples of °­³ó²¹á¹‡á¸¾±³ÙÄå

Examples of the °­³ó²¹á¹‡á¸¾±³ÙÄå character of woman heroine:  

पचà¥à¤šà¥‚सागअरंजितदेहपिआलोअलोअणाणंà¤� à¥�
अणà¥à¤£à¤¤à¥à¤¥à¤–विअसवà¥à¤µà¤°à¤¿à¤£à¤¹à¤­à¥‚सणदिणवणमोदे à¥�

paccÅ«sÄgaaraṃjitadehapiÄloaloaṇÄṇaṃda |
aṇṇatthakhaviasavvariṇahabhūsaṇadiṇavaṇamode ||

(pratyūṣÄgataraktadehapriyÄlokalocanÄnanda |
anyatra kṣapitaśarvarīkanabhobhūṣaṇa dinapate namaste ||
)[1]

She sarcastically comments seeing the hero that he is like the sun who has spent the night elsewhere and comes red in the morning.

From ³ÒÄ«³Ù²¹²µ´Ç±¹¾±²Ô»å²¹

अथ कथमपà¤� यामिनीà¤� विनीà¤� सà¥à¤®à¤°à¤¶à¤°à¤œà¤°à¥à¤œà¤°à¤¿à¤¤à¤¾à¤ªà¤¿ सा पà¥à¤°à¤­à¤¾à¤¤à¥� à¥�
अनà¥à¤¨à¤¯à¤µà¤šà¤¨à¤®à¥ वदनà¥à¤¤à¤®à¤—à¥à¤°à¥‡ पà¥à¤°à¤£à¤¤à¤®à¤ªà¤¿ पà¥à¤°à¤¿à¤¯à¤®à¤¾à¤¹ साभà¥à¤¯à¤¸à¥‚यमॠà¥�

atha kathamapi yÄminÄ«á¹� vinÄ«ya smaraÅ›arajarjaritÄpi sÄ prabhÄte |
anunayavacanam vadantamagre praṇatamapi priya³¾Äåha sÄbhyasÅ«yam ||

After struggling through the night, when she was tormented by the arrows of the love god, she abused her lover °­á¹›á¹£á¹‡a out of jealousy as he submissively bowed in front of her pleading her forgiveness.

रजनिजनितगà¥à¤°à¥à¤œà¤¾à¤—ररागकषायितमलसनिवेशमà¥� à¥�
वहति नयनमनà¥à¤°à¤¾à¤—मिव सà¥à¤«à¥ टमà¥à¤¦à¤¿à¤¤à¤°à¤¸à¤¾à¤­à¤¿à¤¨à¤¿à¤µà¥‡à¤¶à¤®à¥ à¥�

rajanijanitagurujÄgararÄgakaá¹£ÄyitamalasaniveÅ›am |
vahati nayanamanurÄgamiva sphu á¹­amuditarasÄbhiniveÅ›am ||

Your lotus eyes which are red on account of sleeplessness and the amorous activities are listless now indicating your passion for her. Damn you!

हरिहरि याहि माधव याहि केशव मा वद कैतववादमà¥� तामनà¥à¤¸à¤� सरसीरà¥à¤¹à¤²à¥‹à¤šà¤� या तव हरति विषादमà¥� -धà¥à¤°à¥à¤µà¤®à¥� à¥�

harihari ²âÄå³ó¾± ³¾Äå»å³ó²¹±¹²¹ ²âÄå³ó¾± °ì±ðÅ›²¹±¹²¹ ³¾Äå vada kaitavavÄdam tÄmanusara sarasÄ«ruhalocana yÄ tava harati viá¹£Ädam -dhruvam ||

O ²ÑÄå»å³ó²¹±¹²¹! O °­±ðÅ›²¹±¹²¹! Be off! Do not deceive me with your lies. Go to her, who will ease your despair.

कजà¥à¤œà¤¾à¤²à¤®à¤²à¤¿à¤¨à¤µà¤¿à¤²à¥‹à¤šà¤¨à¤šà¥à¤®à¥à¤¬à¤¨à¤µà¤¿à¤°à¤šà¤¿à¤¤à¤¨à¥€à¤²à¤¿à¤®à¤°à¥� पमà¥� à¥�
दशनवसनमरà¥à¤£à¤� तव कृषà¥à¤� तनोतà¤� तनोरनà¥à¤°à¥‚ पमà¥� à¥�

kajjÄlamalinavilocanacumbanaviracitanÄ«limarÅ« pam |
daśanavasanamaruṇa� tava kṛṣṇa tanoti tanoranurū pam ||

On account of your kissing her eyes, the °ìÄåÂá²¹±ô has blackened your red lips to match your complexion.

वपà¥à¤°à¤¨à¥à¤¹à¤°à¤¤à¤¿ तव सà¥à¤®à¤°à¤¸à¤™à¥à¤—रखरनखरकà¥à¤·à¤¤à¤°à¥‡à¤–मà¥� à¥�
मरकतशकलकलितकलधौतलिपेरि� रतिजयलेखमॠ�

vapuranuharati tava smarasaá¹…garakharanakharaká¹£atarekham |
marakataśakalakalitakaladhautaliperiva ratijayalekham ||

Your body exhibits the nail marks of love, proclaiming your success at lovemaking like the golden words etched on emerald.

चरणकमलगलदलकà¥à¤¤à¤¸à¤¿à¤•à¥à¤¤à¤®à¤¿à¤¦à¤‚ तव हृदयमà¥à¤¦à¤¾à¤°à¤®à¥� à¥�
दरà¥à¤¶à¤¯à¤¤à¥€à¤� बहिरà¥à¤®à¤¦à¤¨à¤¦à¥à¤°à¥à¤®à¤¨à¤µà¤•िसलयपरिवारमॠà¥�

caraṇakamalagaladalaktasiktamidaá¹� tava há¹›dayamudÄram |
darÅ›ayatÄ«va bahirmadanadrumanavakisalayaparivÄram ||

Your chest adorned with the red lac from the foot of the girl is like the external manifestation of the love tree.

दशनपदम� भवदधरगतं मम जनयत� चेतस� खेदम� �
कथयतà¤� कथमधà¥à¤¨à¤¾à¤ªà¤� मयà¤� सह तव वपà¥à¤°à¥‡à¤¤à¤¦à¤­à¥‡à¤¦à¤®à¥ à¥�

daśanapadam bhavadadharagata� mama janayati cetasi khedam |
kathayati kathamadhunÄpi mayÄ saha tava vapuretadabhedam ||

Her teeth marks on your lips creates anguish to my heart. Even now when there is no connection between us, why does my heart proclaim that we are inseparable?

बहिरिव मलिनतरà¤� तव कृषà¥à¤� मनोऽपि भविषà¥à¤¯à¤¤à¤¿ नूनमà¥� à¥�
कथमथ वञà¥à¤šà¤¯à¤¸à¥� जनमनà¥à¤—तमसमशरजà¥à¤µà¤°à¤¦à¥‚नमà¥� à¥�

bahiriva malinatara� tava kṛṣṇa mano'pi bhaviṣyati nūnam |
kathamatha vañcayase janamanugatamasamaśarajvaradūnam ||

O °­á¹›á¹£á¹‡a! your heart must be darker than your body, otherwise how could you let down a person who is affected by the love fever and is always thinking of you?

भà¥à¤°à¤®à¤¤à¤¿ भवानबलाकवलाय वनेषà¥� किमतà¥à¤° विचितà¥à¤°à¤®à¥� à¥�
पà¥à¤°à¤¥à¤¯à¤¤à¤� पूतनिकैव वधूवधनिरà¥à¤¦à¤¯à¤¬à¤¾à¤²à¤šà¤°à¤¿à¤¤à¥à¤°à¤®à¥ à¥�

bhramati bhavÄnabalÄkavalÄya vaneá¹£u kimatra vicitram |
prathayati pÅ«tanikaiva vadhÅ«vadhanirdayabÄlacaritram ||

You roam around the forest to wreck the heart of trusting women. There is nothing surprising in it. Your childhood tale of killing ±èÅ«³Ù²¹²Ô²¹ bespeaks of that trait.

शà¥à¤°à¥€ जयदेवभणितरतिवञà¥à¤šà¤¿à¤¤à¤–णà¥à¤¡à¤¿à¤¤à¤¯à¥à¤µà¤¤à¤¿à¤µà¤¿à¤²à¤¾à¤ªà¤®à¥ à¥�
शृणà¥à¤� सà¥à¤§à¤¾à¤®à¤§à¥à¤°à¤®à¥ विबà¥à¤§à¤¾ विबà¥à¤§à¤¾à¤²à¤¯à¤¤à¥‹à¤½à¤ªà¤� दà¥à¤°à¤¾à¤ªà¤®à¥� à¥�

Å›rÄ« jayadevabhaṇitarativañcitakhaṇá¸itayuvativilÄpam |
śṛṇuta sudhÄmadhuram vibudhÄ vibudhÄlayato'pi durÄpam ||
[2]

O Learned ones! Listen to the song of Jayadeva describing the lament of a disregarded heroine cheated from intimacy. This is sweeter than nectar and unavailable even in heaven.

नूनं किà¤� समà¥à¤ªà¥‡à¤¤à¥à¤¯ चà¥à¤®à¥à¤¬à¤¸à¤� बलानà¥à¤¨à¤¿à¤°à¥à¤²à¥à¤²à¤œà¥à¤œà¤¾ लजà¥à¤œà¤� कà¥à¤� ते, वसà¥à¤¤à¥à¤°à¤¾à¤¨à¥à¤¤à¤� शठ मà¥à¤‚च मà¥à¤‚च शपथैà¤� किà¤� धूरà¥à¤¤à¥à¤� वागà¥à¤¬à¤¨à¥à¤§à¤¨à¥ˆà¤� à¥�
खिनà¥à¤¨à¤¾à¤¹à¤‚ तव रातà¥à¤°à¤¿à¤œà¤¾à¤—रतयà¤� तामेà¤� या à¤� पà¥à¤°à¤¿à¤¯à¤¾à¤� निरà¥à¤®à¤¾à¤²à¥à¤¯à¥‹à¤œà¥à¤à¤¿à¤� पà¥à¤·à¥à¤ªà¤¦à¤¾à¤®à¤¨à¤¿à¤•रà¥� काषटà¥à¤ªà¤¦à¤¾à¤¨à¤¾à¤� रतिः à¥�

nÅ«naá¹� kiá¹� samupetya cumbasi balÄnnirllajjÄ lajjÄ kva te, vastrÄntaá¹� Å›aá¹­ha muṃca muṃca Å›apathaiá¸� kiá¹� dhÅ«rtta vÄgbandhanaiá¸� |
khinnÄhaá¹� tava rÄtrijÄgaratayÄ tÄmeva yÄ ca priyÄá¹� nir³¾Äålyojjhita puá¹£padÄmanikare kÄá¹£aá¹­padÄnÄá¹� ratiá¸� ||
[3]

Why are you kissing me forcibly? You are surely a shameless person, do you not have an iota of modesty, leave the hem of my dress you wicked man, leave me, leave, what's the use of swearing and false words, you cheat! I am frustrated keeping awake (all night) for you. Go back to your (new) beloved. The black bee has no love left for the heap of rejected flowers which were earlier offered to the deity.

Padam[4]
Language�Tamil
¸éÄå²µ²¹³¾â€�TÅá¸i; TÄḷamâ€�Ä€»å¾±
°ä´Ç³¾±è´Ç²õ±ð°ùâ€�³§³Ü²ú²ú²¹°ùÄå³¾²¹²â²â²¹°ù
Pallavi
NÄ“ttu rÄttiri pÅṉa -peá¹� ±¹Ä«á¸µº iduvalla
nilavara³¾Äåy uṟṟup pÄrum -²õÄå³¾¾±
The girl’s house to which you had been to last night is not this one, O Lord! Look carefully.
´¡á¹‰u±è²¹±ô±ô²¹±¹¾±
PÅ«ttirukkum cÅlai sÅ«á¸� -kaḻukkuṉṟam mÄ“vum
±Ê³Üṇṇ¾±²â²¹°ùŧ anda–kaṉṉiyum nÄṉalla
Oh the virtuous lord, residing in Kazhukundram surrounded by blossomed flower garden, I am not that girl.
°ä²¹°ù²¹á¹‡a³¾
Iruá¹­á¹­u vēḷaiyilē–tiruá¹­á¹­ut taṉa³¾Äåy
cellum
tiruá¹­á¹­ellÄm veḷiyÄccu -miraá¹­á¹­ÄtÄ“yum suvÄmi
tiraá¹­á¹­u pÄlum cīṉi–tēṉum pÄlum
°ì²¹á¹Ÿk²¹á¹‡á¸³Ü³¾
piṟaá¹­á¹­i vÄyil ūṭṭiya peṇvÄ«á¸anda vÄ«diyil.
The fraudulent deceit done in the darkness has come to light. Do not frighten me my lord, the house of the girl who gave you a coagulation of curdled milk, sugar, honey, milk and sugar candy and fed you in your mouth is in that street.

Footnotes and references:

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[2]:

Jayadeva, ³ÒÄ«³Ù²¹²µ´Ç±¹¾±²Ô»å²¹, 154â€�155.

[3]:

°­Äå³¾²¹²õ²¹³¾Å«³ó²¹, ccclxxxiii. 133.

[4]:

Vaitheeswaran Kovil Sri Subbaramayyar Tamil Padangal, 4.

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