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Brahma Sutras (Nimbarka commentary)

by Roma Bose | 1940 | 290,526 words

English translation of the Brahma-sutra 3.1.13 (prima facie view, continued), including the commentary of Nimbarka and sub-commentary of Srinivasa known as Vedanta-parijata-saurabha and Vedanta-kaustubha resepctively. Also included are the comparative views of important philosophies, viz., from Shankara, Ramanuja, Shrikantha, Bhaskara and Baladeva.

Go directly to: Footnotes.

Brahma-Sūtra 3.1.13 (prima facie view, continued)

English of translation of Brahmasutra 3.1.13 by Roma Bose:

“But (there are) ascent and descent of others, having experienced (the consequences of their evil deeds) in the abode of Yama, such a going being declared.�

Nimbārka’s commentary (Vedānta-pārijāta-saurabha):

“There are ascent to and descent from� the orb of the moon on the part of those who do not perform sacrifices and the rest, after they have experienced sufferings in the abode of Yama, “such a going being declared� in texts like: ‘“He comes under my sway again and again”� (ṻ-ܱ貹Ծṣa 2.6[1]), ‘The son of Vivasvat, the meeting of place[2] of men� (Ṛg. 10.14.1[3]) and so on.

Śrīnivāsa’s commentary (Vedānta-kaustubha)

To the objection, viz. If both the pious and the impious go to the moon, then Scripture, concerned with injunctions and prohibitions, must be futile,�(the prima facie objector) replies:

The term “but� is meant for disposing of the above objection. That is, the pious as well as the impious do not go to the moon, and hence the two kinds of scriptural texts are not futile by any means. Then what is the difference between these two cases?—We reply: “On account of such a going being declared�, i.e. because the going of the latter to the abode of Yama is declared by texts like: ‘The passage from this world into another is not manifest to him who is childish, careless, deluded with, the delusion of wealth. Thinking: ‘This is the world, there is no other�, he comes under my sway again and again� (-ܱ貹Ծṣa 2.6), ‘The son of Vivasvat, the meeting-place of men,[4] Yama the king� (ṻ岹-ṃh 10.14.1) and so on. “There are ascent to and descent from� the region of the moon on the part of those who do not perform sacrifices and the rest, after they have experienced sufferings “in the abode of Yama� in accordance with their own respective works. The sense is that the impious, having undergone various sufferings, and having then ascended to the world of moon, re-descend.

Comparative views of Śaṃkara, Śrīkaṇṭha and Baladeva:

This is ūٰ 13 in the commentaries of the first two, but ūٰ 14 in the commentary of the last. According to them, it does not continue the prima facie view, but lays down the correct conclusion against the preceding prima facie ūٰ, thus: “But there are ascent (to the world) and descent (to hell) of others, after having experienced in the abode of Yama, such a course being declared�. That is, it is not a fact that those who do not perform sacrifices and the rest too go to the moon. They do not do so. But they descend to the hell, experience the consequences of their evil deeds there, and then ascend to the earth once more.[5]

The literal interpretation of the following three ūٰs is the same, but while Nimbārka takes them to be stating the prima facie view, they take them to be giving the correct conclusion. Thus, while according to Nimbārka, 峾ԳᲹ and four ūٰs state the prima facie view, according to Śṅk, Śrīkaṇṭha and Baladeva, only one.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

Quoted by Śṅk, 峾ԳᲹ, 첹 and Baladeva.

[2]:

Correct reading translated, viz. “saṃgama� and not “saṃyamana�.

[3]:

P. 270, line 9.

Quoted by Śṅk, 峾ԳᲹ, 첹, Sk.

[4]:

See footnote 2, p. 492.

[5]:

Brahma-ūٰs (Śṅk’s commentary) 3.1.13, p. 694; Brahma-ūٰs (Śrīkaṇṭha’s commentary) 3.1.13, p. 208, Part 9; Govinda-bhāṣya 3.1.14, pp. 22-23, Chap. 3.

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