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Speech: 6 definitions

Introduction:

Speech means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (natya)

Delivering Speech or Dialogues (in Indian dramas) is associated with Bhāratī-ṛtپ: one of the denoted four kinds of Dramatic Styles (in Sanskrit: ṛtپ), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—There are four kinds of ṛtپs i.e., dramatic styles accepted in the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa. The way or style of delivering speech or dialogues in a Drama is regarded as bhāratī-ṛtپ. The Sāhityadarpaṇa also agrees on it.

Natyashastra book cover
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Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, ṭyśٰ) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Speech in Yoga glossary
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

(That which is) Speech is denoted by the Sanskrit term Vāc (as opposed to Avāc—‘speechless�), according to the Bṛhadāraṇyikopaniṣat 3.8.6.—Accordingly, while describing the absolute nature of Brahma: “Gārgi said, ‘Yājñavalkya, that which is above the sky, below the earth, between the two and called [past, present and future], is stitched and cross-stitched in what?� Yājñavalkya said, ‘Gārgi, the Brahmins call that very [thing] the imperishable one. [e.g., It is speechless () [...]’�.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

: Google Books: The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems

1) Speech refers to one of the �Three Doors� (i.e., body, speech, and mind) which are known in Tibetan as sgo gsum.

2) Speech refers to one of the �Eleven Sense Faculties� (in Sāṃkhya thought) (in Tibetan: dbang po bcu gcig).—Sāṃkhyas assert definitively that all objects of knowledge are enumerated into twenty-five: (1) the principal, (2) the great, (3) the I-principle, (4�8) the five sense objects, (9�13) the five elements, (14�24) the eleven sense faculties [e.g., the speech], and (25) the person, which is self, consciousness, and the knower. Of those, the person is asserted as conscious, while the remaining twenty-four � as aggregate composites � are insentient matter.

: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): (Tibetan Buddhism)

(The power of) Speech can be denoted by the Sanskrit term Vāca, according to verse 14.24bd-27 of the Laghuśaṃvara, an ancient Buddhist Yoginī Tantra.—Accordingly, [while describing the Siddhi of speech]: “The Sādhaka [who has] the Siddhi of speech () can certainly attract a king or queen by [merely] thinking [it]. He quickly controls gods, demons and men. When angry, he can kill with his speech () and drive away his adversary. The practitioner can thus effect a curse with his speech. And he can stop a river, a cart, a machine [like a water-wheel,] the ocean, elephants and horses, clouds, a man or bird merely by means of his speech (峦-mātra). He achieves everything which he desires by his speech�.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (Բ) are collected indepently.

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General definition (in Buddhism)

: A Buddhist Library: In This Very Life

Speech (i.e, listening to Dhamma talks) refers to one of the Seven types of Suitability, which should be met in order to create an environment that is supportive of meditation practice.—The third suitability is that of speech. During a retreat, suitable speech is of a very limited kind and quantity. The commentaries define it as listening to Dhamma talks. We can add participating in Dhamma discussions with the teacher—that is, interviews. It is essential at times to engage in discussions of the practice, especially when one is confused or unsure about how to proceed.

Languages of India and abroad

Hindi dictionary

[«𱹾dzܲ Ա»] � Speech in Hindi glossary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Speech in Hindi refers in English to:�(nf) a speech..—speech (स्पी�) is alternatively transliterated as Spīca.

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