365bet娱乐

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く) refers to 鈥渉ell鈥�, according to the 艢ivapur膩峁嘺 2.3.54 (鈥淒escription of the duties of the chaste wife鈥�).鈥擜ccordingly, as a Brahmin lady said to P膩rvat墨: 鈥淸...] O Goddess, the husband is superior to Brahm膩, Vi峁ａ箛u or 艢iva, for a chaste lady her husband is on a par with 艢iva. She who transgresses (耻濒濒补峁単丑测补) her husband and observes fast and other rites wrecks the longevity of her husband and after death goes to hell (niraya) [苍颈谤补测补尘峁沜肠丑补迟颈]. If she furiously retorts to her husband she is born as a bitch in a village or as a vixen in a secluded place. [...]鈥�.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥擜 son of Bhaya and M峁泃yu.^*

• * Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺 IV. 8. 4.

1b) One of the seven seers of the Sv膩roci峁�a epoch.^*

• * Vi峁ａ箛u-pur膩峁嘺 III. 1. 11.

context information

The Purana (啶�啷佮ぐ啶距��, pur膩峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

Niraya (hell)

Various lists of Nirayas are found in the books. In the Jataka Commentary* occurs the following:

Sanjiva, Kalasutta, Sanghata, Jalaroruva, Dhumaroruva, Mahavici, Tapana, Patapana.

The Samyutta and Anguttara Nikayas and the Sutta Nipata contain a different list:

Abbuda, Nirabbuda, Ababa, Atata, Ahaha, Kumuda, Sogandhika, Uppala, Pundarika, Paduma (S.i.149; A.v.173; SN.p.126; see also Dvy. 67).

The Commentaries explain (E.g., AA.ii.853) that these are not separate Nirayas but specified periods of suffering in Avici. The Devaduta Sutta (M.iii.185) of the Majjhima Nikaya contains yet another list:

Gutha, Kukkula, Simbalivana, Asipattavana and Kharodakanadi.

Other names, also, occur sporadically e.g.,

Khuradhara (J.v.269), Kakola (J.vi.247), Sataporisa (J.v.269) and Sattisula (J.v.143).

The most fearful of the Nirayas is, however, the Avici maha niraya (see s.v. Avici).

* J.v.266, 271; the same list is found in Dvy.67, except that Raurava is substituted for Jalaroruva and Maharaurava for Dhumaroruva.

Niraya Vagga

The twenty second chapter of the Dhammapada.

1. Niraya Sutta

Five things that lead to hell: destruction of life, theft, lust, falsehood, liquor. A.iii.170; also 204.

2. Niraya Sutta

Six things that lead to hell: (A.iii.432)

taking life, theft, living carnally, falsehood, evil desires and wrong views.

: Pali Kanon: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines

lit. 'the downward-path', the nether or infernal world, usually translated by 'hell', is one of the 4 lower courses of existence (ap腻测补).

The Buddhists are well aware that on account of the universal sway of impermanence a life in hell, just as in heaven, cannot last eternally, but will after exhaustion of the karma which has caused the respective form of rebirth, necessarily be followed again by a new death and a new rebirth, according to the stored-up karma.

context information

Therav膩da is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く) refers to 鈥渉ell鈥�, according to Mah膩praj帽膩p膩ramit膩艣膩stra (chapter 36).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淚f the Bhik峁�u thinks about his own virtues of abandonment and discipline, his fear also disappears. Actually, immoral beings fear falling into hell [i.e., niraya] and misers fear being reborn among the hungry ghosts or among poor people. The Bhik峁�u himself remembers that he has pure morality and generosity-abandonment. If he recollects his pure discipline or his own abandonment, his mind is joyful and he says to himself: 鈥楢s long as my life is not exhausted, I will still increase my virtues and, at the end of my life, I will not be afraid of falling into the unfortunate destinies鈥�.This is why the recollection of discipline and the recollection of renunciation can also prevent fear from arising鈥�.

: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く) refers to 鈥渉ell-beings鈥�, according to the Gaganaga帽japarip峁沜ch膩: the eighth chapter of the Mah膩sa峁僴ip膩ta (a collection of Mah膩y膩na Buddhist S奴tras).鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸Characteristics of behavior of all beings] [...] The behaviour鈥檚 essence, essential character, the essential character of cause, the essential character of condition, the essential character of productive cause, the essential character of combination, the essential character of difference, the essential character of discordance, the essential character of passion, the essential character of aversion, the essential character of delusion, the essential character of the three together, the essential character of hell-beings (苍颈谤补测补-濒补办峁�a峁嘺), the essential character of animals [...]鈥攈e knows all the essential characters of behavior truly as they are, and there is no fault at all in his understanding鈥�.

context information

Mahayana (啶�啶灌ぞ啶�啶距え, mah膩y膩na) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many 蝉奴迟谤补蝉 of which some of the earliest are the various Praj帽膩p膩ramit膩 蝉奴迟谤补蝉.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

niraya : (m.) the purgatory; hell.

: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Niraya, (BSk. niraya, nis+aya of i=to go asunder, to go to destruction, to die, cp. in meaning Vedic nir峁泃i. The popular etym. given by Dhammap膩la at PvA. 53 is 鈥渘鈥檃tthi ettha ayo sukhan ti鈥�=there is no good; that given by Bdhgh at Vism. 427 鈥渘鈥檃tthi ettha ass膩dasa帽帽ito ayo鈥� (no refreshment)) purgatory, hell, a place of punishment & torture, where sin is atoned (i.e. kamma ripens=paccati, is literally boiled) by terrible ordeals (k膩ra峁嚹乶i) similar to & partly identical with those of Hades & Tartarus. There are a great number of hells, of which the most fearful is the 础惫墨肠颈尘补丑腻苍颈谤补测补 (see Av墨ci). Names of other purgatories occur frequently in the J膩taka collection, e.g. K膩kola VI, 247; Khuradh膩ra V, 269 sq.; Dh奴ma-roruva V, 271; Pat膩pana V, 266, 271, 453; Paduma IV. 245; Roruva III, 299; V, 266; VI, 237; Sa峁単h膩ta V, 266; Sa帽j墨va ibid.; Sataporisa V, 269; Sattis奴la V, 143. As the principal one n. is often mentioned with the other ap腻测补s (states of suffering), viz. tiracch膩nayoni (animal world) & pittivisaya (the manes), e.g. at Nd¹ 489; Nd² 517, 550; Pv IV. 11; ThA. 282; PvA. 27 sq. (see ap腻测补).鈥擳here is a great variety of qualifying adjectives connected with niraya, all of which abound in notions of fearful pain, awful misery & continuous suffering, e.g. ka峁璾ka, ghora, d膩ru峁嘺, bhay膩naka, mah膩bhit膩pa, sattussada etc.鈥擠escriptions of N. in glowing terms of frightfulness are frequent found from the earliest books down to the late Peta-Vatthu, Pa帽cagati-d墨pana & Saddhammop腻测补na. Of these the foll. may be quoted as characteristic: S. I, 152 (10 nirayas); M. III, 183; A. I, 141; Sn. p. 126=A. V, 173; Nd¹ 404 sq. =Nd² 304^{III, c}; J. IV, 4 (Mittavindaka); Vv 52 (Revat墨); Pv. I, 10; III, 10; IV, 1; 7; DhA. I, 148.鈥擲ee on the whole subject, esp. L. Scherman, Materialen zur indischen Visionsliteratur, Leipzig 1792; & W. Stede, Die Gespenstergeschichten des Peta Vatthu, Leipzig 1914, pp. 33鈥�39.鈥擱eferences: Vin. I, 227 (ap腻测补 duggati vinip膩ta niraya); D. I, 82, 107 (id.); Vin. II, 198 (yo kho sa峁単ha峁� bhindati kappa峁� nirayamhi paccati), 204; II, 203=It. 86; D. I, 228 (+tiracch膩nayoni), 54 (read nirayasate for niriyasate); III, 111; S. IV, 126; V, 356, 450; M. I, 73, 285, 308, 334; II, 86, 149, 186; III, 166, 203, 209; A. IV, 405; V, 76, 182, 184; Sn. 248 (patanti satt膩 niraya峁� ava峁僺ir膩), 333, 660 sq. , 677 sq.; Dh. 126, 140, 306, 311, 315; Th. 1, 304 (adhammo niraya峁� neti dhammo p膩peti suggati峁�)=DhsA. 38=DA. I, 99 =DhA. I, 22; Th. 2, 456; It. 12; J. IV, 463; Pug. 60; Ps. I, 83 (Av墨ci掳); Vbh. 86, 337; Vism. 102; Miln. 148; DhA. I, 22; III, 71; Sdhp. 7, 285.鈥擲ee also nerayika.

: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary

1) niraya (醼斸��醼涐��) [(ti) (醼愥��)]鈥�
摆苍颈谤补测补+峁嘺闭
摆醼斸赌�岫臎岫��+醼庐

2) niraya (醼斸��醼涐��) [(pu) (醼曖��)]鈥�
[ni+aya锛巒i+raya锛巃yo i峁�峁環aphala峁�,so niggato asv膩ti nirayo,nindito rayo gamana峁� etth膩ti v膩 nirayo锛�,峁�墨锛�657锛�(niraya-sa峁�,addham膩gadh墨,峁噄raya-pr膩,narakaya-s墨)]
[醼斸��+醼♂�氠亱 醼斸��+醼涐�氠亱 醼♂�氠�贬�� 醼ａ�嬦�贯�屷�栣�溼�夺亰 醼炨�贬�� 醼斸��醼傖�贯�傖�愥�贬�� 醼♂�炨�结��醼愥�� 醼斸��醼涐�氠�贬��醽� 醼斸��醼斸�贯�掅��醼愥�贬�� 醼涐�氠�贬�� 醼傖�欋�斸�� 醼п�愥�贯�戓��醼愥�� 醼濁�� 醼斸��醼涐�氠�贬��醽� 醼撫��醼斸�横亰 醼嬦��醽� 醽嗎亝醽囜亱 (醼斸��醼涐��-醼炨�夺亰 醼♂�掅�贯�撫�欋��醼傖�撫��醽� 醼忈��醼涐��-醼曖�坚��醽� 醼斸�涐��醼�-醼炨��醼熱��醼�醼犪��)]

[Pali to Burmese]

: Sutta: Tipi峁璦ka P膩岣穒-Myanmar Dictionary (醼愥��醼曖��醼嬦��-醼曖��醼犪��醼欋�坚�斸�横�欋�� 醼♂�樶��醼撫��醼斸��)

1) niraya鈥�

(Burmese text): (醽�) 醼勧�涐�册�樶��醼夺亰 醼炨��醼氠��醼欋�踞��-醼佱�会�欋�横�羔�炨��醼炨��醼�-醼欋�踞��醼勧�横��-醼欋�涐�踞��醼涐��醼栣�坚�呩��-醼炨�贬��醽� 醼樶��醼夺亱 (醽�) 醼斸��醼涐�氠�傖�愥��醽� (醽�) 醼佱�会�欋�横�羔�炨��醼炨��醼�-醼欋�踞��醼勧�横��-醼欋�涐�踞��-醼涐��醼栣�坚�呩�横�炨�贬�� 醼曖�坚��醼愥�贯�愥��醼樶��醼夺亱

(Auto-Translation): (1) Hell, a realm that is devoid of pleasure and prosperity. (2) The realm of the unfortunate. (3) A realm that is devoid of prosperity and happiness.

2) niraya鈥�

(Burmese text): (醼�) 醼勧�涐�册�斸�踞�勧�丰�横�愥�搬�炨�贬�� (醼樶��醼�)醽� 醼斸��醼涐��-(醽�)-醼�醼坚�娽�丰�横亱 醼曖�坚��醼愥�贯�愥��醼樶��醼夺亱 (醼�) 醼勧�涐�册�樶��醼夺亴 醼栣�坚�呩�横�炨�贬��醽� 醼炨�搬亱 醼勧�涐�册�炨��,醼勧�涐�册�炨��醼羔亱

(Auto-Translation): (a) Hell (common). Niraya - (3) to see. Paitarabhumi. (b) One who is in hell, a hell being, hell dweller.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Therav膩da Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥攎 S The name of a hell. Ex. h艒s墨 sad膩 nirayad膩r奴峁嘺l艒kav膩s墨 ||.

: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥�m The name of a hell.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥�

1) Hell; 啶ㄠた啶班く啶ㄠ�椸ぐ啶︵�嵿さ啶距ぐ啶�啷佮う啷嵿�樴ぞ啶熰く啶ㄠ�嵿い啷� (苍颈谤补测补苍补驳补谤补诲惫腻谤补尘耻诲驳丑腻峁璦测补苍迟墨) 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 1.63; Ms. 6.61.

2) Sorrow, unhappiness; 啶膏い啶む�� 啶ㄠた啶班く啶� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距お啷嵿い啶� 啶�啶班お啶苦ぃ啷嵿ぁ啷嬥��- 啶溹��啶掂た啶ㄠ�� (satata峁� niraya峁� pr膩pta岣� parapi峁囜笉opa- j墨vina岣�) Mah膩bh膩rata (Bombay) 1.141.37.

3) Sin; 啶︵�佮ぐ啷嵿げ啶�啷� 啶灌�嵿く啶膏�嵿く 啶ㄠた啶班く啶� 啶多ざ啶距�權��- 啶曕じ啷嵿く啷囙さ 啶曕げ啷嵿ぎ啶粪ぎ啷� (durlabho hyasya 苍颈谤补测补岣� 艣a艣膩峁�- kasyeva kalma峁�am) 搁腻尘.2.36.27.

Derivable forms: 苍颈谤补测补岣� (啶ㄠた啶班く啶�).

--- OR ---

狈颈谤腻测补 (啶ㄠた啶班ぞ啶�).鈥�a. yielding no income or revenue, profitless.

狈颈谤腻测补 is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms nir and 腻测补 (啶嗋く).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥攎.

(-测补岣�) Hell. E. nir out, beyound, aya good fortune.

--- OR ---

狈颈谤腻测补 (啶ㄠた啶班ぞ啶�).鈥攎fn.

(-测补岣�-y膩-ya峁�) Having no income or profit, yielding none &c. E. nir neg. 腻测补 receipt.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥攊. e. nis-i + a, m. Hell, [惭腻苍补惫补诲丑补谤尘补艣腻蝉迟谤补] 6, 61.

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く).鈥擺masculine] hell (also personif.).

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) 狈颈谤腻测补 (啶ㄠた啶班ぞ啶�):鈥擺=nir-腻测补] [from nir > ni岣�] mfn. having or yielding no income, profitless, [Horace H. Wilson]

2) Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く):鈥擺=nir-aya] m. (either [from] nis + 鈭�i = egression, sc. from earthly life, or [from] nir + aya 鈥榳ithout happiness鈥�) Niraya or Hell (personified as a child of fear and death, [Bh膩gavata-pur膩峁嘺]), [Manu-sm峁泃i; Mah膩bh膩rata; K膩vya literature etc.]

: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く):鈥擺nira+ya] (测补岣�) 1. m. Hell.

2) 狈颈谤腻测补 (啶ㄠた啶班ぞ啶�):鈥擺苍颈谤腻+测补] (ya岣�-y膩-ya峁�) a. Without income.

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Niraya (啶ㄠた啶班く) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: 峁唅谤补测补.

[Sanskrit to German]

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏�傕じ啷嵿�曕�冟い啶�啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Prakrit-English dictionary

: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) 峁唅谤补测补 (啶｀た啶班く) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Niraya.

2) 峁唅谤补测补 (啶｀た啶班く) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Nirata.

3) 峁唅谤补测补 (啶｀た啶班く) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Nirajas.

4) 峁喣玶aya (啶｀��啶班く) also relates to the Sanskrit word: 狈墨谤补箩补蝉.

5) 峁喣玶腻测补 (啶｀��啶班ぞ啶�) also relates to the Sanskrit word: 狈墨谤腻驳补.

峁喣玶腻测补 has the following synonyms: 峁喣玶膩ga.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Niraya (嗖ㄠ部嗖班帛):鈥�

1) [noun] (myth.) the place where the souls of wicked persons are believed to be punished after their death; a hell.

2) [noun] any place or state of severe pain, anguish, deep distress, etc.

3) [noun] an act of religious transgression; a sin.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

See also (Relevant definitions)

Partial matches: Nir, Niraya, Aya, Na.

Starts with (+6): Nerayika, Nirayaaggisantapana, Nirayabhaya, Nirayabhimukha, Nirayadukkha, Nirayagami, Nirayagamin, Nirayagamini, Nirayaggi, Nirayalakshana, Nirayam, Nirayamka, Nirayanapaddhati, Nirayanasauravarsha, Nirayapala, Nirayapati, Nirayarupa Satta, Nirayasamvattanika, Nirayatapurvakaya, Nirayava.

Full-text (+219): Mahaniraya, Nirayam, Nirayasamvattanika, Tiryanniraya, Nirayapala, Nirayabhaya, Nirayavyayavat, Nirayapati, Khinaniraya, Avanniraya, Nirayadukkha, Nerayika, Makanirayam, Ussada Niraya, Nirayaggahana, Nirayasantapa, Nirayagamaniya, Candaniraya, Nirayabhagi, Nirayatthana.

Relevant text

Search found 53 books and stories containing Niraya, 狈颈谤腻测补, Nir-aya, Nir-腻测补, 峁唅谤补测补, 峁喣玶aya, 峁喣玶腻测补, Niraya-na, Niraya-峁嘺, Ni-aya; (plurals include: Nirayas, 狈颈谤腻测补s, ayas, 腻测补s, 峁唅谤补测补s, 峁喣玶ayas, 峁喣玶腻测补s, nas, 峁嘺s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)

Verse 126 - The Story of Venerable Tissa < [Chapter 9 - P膩pa Vagga (Evil)]

Verse 151 - The Story of Queen Mallik膩 < [Chapter 11 - Jar膩 Vagga (Old Age)]

Verse 60 - The Story of a Certain Person < [Chapter 5 - B膩la Vagga (Fools)]

+ 15 more chapters / show preview

A Manual of Abhidhamma (by N膩rada Thera)

Four Planes of Life < [Chapter V - Process Freed Section]

52 Kinds of Mental States < [Chapter II - Mental States]

show preview

A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)

Page 96 < [Volume 5 (1909)]

show preview

Notices of Sanskrit Manuscripts (by Rajendralala Mitra)

Page 146 < [Volume 15 (1911)]

Page 139 < [Volume 2 (1872)]

Page 106 < [Volume 14 (1904)]

+ 1 more chapters / show preview

The Buddha and His Teachings (by Narada Thera)

Chapter XXVII - Planes of Existence

show preview

Maha Buddhavamsa鈥擳he Great Chronicle of Buddhas (by Ven. Mingun Sayadaw)

Buddha attributes (5): Lokavid奴 < [Chapter 42 - The Dhamma Ratan膩]

Sakka鈥檚 Question (1): on envy (iss膩) and stinginess (macchariya) < [Chapter 39 - How the 膧峁�膩n膩峁璱ya Paritta came to be Taught]

Part 32 - The Twelve Sa峁僺膩ric Debts of the Buddha < [Chapter 40 - The Buddha Declared the Seven Factors of Non-Decline for Rulers]

+ 25 more chapters / show preview

 

Click here for all 53 books