Martanda, ṇḍ, Martamda: 26 definitions
Introduction:
Martanda means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstraṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) refers to a category of gopura, which is the “tower� built above the gateway of a house, palace or Buddhist monastery.
: Google Books: The Hindu Temple, Volume 1ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) is the eighth son of Aditi, him the Boundless (=Aditi) brought forth inarticulate, a lump of bodily matter, as broad as it was high. Some however say that he was the size of a man (Śٲ貹ٳ-ṇa 3.1.3.3). The shape of ṇḍ is the result of Aditi’s hybris. The �Ѳٰⲹṇīy-ṃh� (1.6.12) tells the story.

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्�, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�).—The Sun God; Brahmā placed the tejas of the Aṇḍam in the garbha of Aditī and when everything became stunted, the God removed it from the garbha making it into two pieces; finding the weakness of the garbha Brahmā caused it to be placed in the lap of the Sun God; hence the name;1 another ety.:—when Kaśyapa found the universe divided into two, he was in distress and said you be Martāṇḍa or Vivasvān, son of Kaśyapa and Dākṣāyanī; had seven sons; Sāvarṇi and Śanaiścara are the last;2 R. Yamunā, the daughter of;3 Nāsatya and Dasra, sons of;4 golden image of, for gift;5 maṇḍalam of.6
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 275-288; Matsya-purāṇa 2. 35.
- 2) Vāyu-purāṇa 84. 25.
- 3) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 13. 72.
- 4) Ib. III. 59. 25; IV. 38. 23.
- 5) Matsya-purāṇa 9. 3; 280. 6.
- 6) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa I. 1. 115.
1b) Handing over the Yajus to Yajñavalkya, Brahmarateya.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 61. 21.
ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) is a name mentioned in the Ѳٲ (cf. I.70.10) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Ѳٲ (mentioning ٲṇḍ) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 śǰ첹 (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

The Purana (पुरा�, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Wisdom Library: Śilpa-śāstraṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) is a Sanskrit name referring to one of the eight manifestations of Asitāṅga, who is a form of Bhairava. According to the ܻ峾, there are eight main forms of Bhairava who control the eight directions of this universe. Each form (e.g., Asitāṅga) has a further eight sub-manifestations (e.g., ṇḍ), thus resulting in a total of 64 Bhairavas.
When depicting ṇḍ according to traditional iconographic rules (ś貹śٰ), one should depcit him (and other forms of Asitāṅga) with golden complexion and having good looking limbs; he should carry the ٰśū, the ḍa, the ś and the ḍg. The word Ś貹śٰ refers to an ancient Hindu science of arts and crafts, dealing with subjects such as painting, sculpture and iconography.

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, ś貹śٰ) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Source: Wisdom Library: Pāñcarātraṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) refers to an aspect of ṛsṃh (‘m-Dz�), according to the Vihagendra-saṃhitā 4.17, which mentions seventy-four forms (inlcuding twenty forms of ū). He is also known as ṇḍṛsṃh or ṇḍnarasiṃha. Nṛsiṃha is a Tantric deity and refers to the furious (ugra) incarnation of Viṣṇu.
The 15th-century Vihagendra-saṃhīta is a canonical text of the Pāñcarātra corpus and, in twenty-four chapters, deals primarely with meditation on mantras and sacrificial oblations.

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) refers to the “sun�, according to the Ghaṭikāyantraghaṭanāvidhi, an unpublished manuscript describing the ritual connected with the setting up of the water clock and its invocation.—Accordingly, “[Now the pala-verses]: [...] May the Sun [i.e., ṇḍ], the Moon [i.e., ٳ], Mars [i.e., ṣoṇīsūԳ], Mercury [i.e., ԻܲūԳ], Jupiter [i.e., 岵īś], Venus [i.e., 岹ٲ峦ⲹ], Saturn [i.e., ٰܳ], Rāhu and Ketu, all these, together with the lunar mansions beginning with Aśvinī, and all these stars, produce auspiciousness, constant good health, prosperity, and longevity [for the couple]�.

Jyotisha (ज्योति�, dzپṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy� or “Vedic astrology� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram1) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) refers to one of the disciples of Piṅgala, who is associated with Pūrṇagiri, one of the sacred seats (īṻ), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—The colophons of the version of the Śrīmatottara called Gorakṣasaṃhitā declare that the Kubjikā tradition (the Kādibheda) of the Kulakaulamata was brought down to earth by him. Thus like the Siddhas of the previous Ages, Śrīkaṇṭha also had disciples [i.e., ٲṇḍ]. These were the Lords of the Ages who are said to be four aspects of the First Siddha who descend into the world in the last Age, each into a ‘particular division�.
2) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) refers to one of the eight Bhairavas (-ṣṭ첹) associated with Pūrṇagiri or Pūrṇaīṻ (which is located in the northern quarter), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra.—[...] The eight Bhairavas: Candrapūrṇa, Tṛpta, Triśira, Triśikha, Trimūrti, Trailokya, Ḍāmara, ٲṇḍ.
3) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) or Mātaṅga refers to the Servant (쾱ṃk) associated with Tisra, one of the eight Sacred Seats (īṻ), according to the Yogakhaṇḍa (chapter 14) of the Manthānabhairavatantra.
4) ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) or ṇḍnātha is another name for ṛṣṇānԻ岹 (or ṛṣṇānԻ岹nātha)—one of the Nine Nāthas according to sources such as the Kumārikākhaṇḍa and Siddhakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra.—This group of nine Nātha Siddhas related to Gorakhanātha are venerated by his followers as nine founder figures. [...] ṛṣṇānԻ岹-nātha is associated with the birth-place called Pauṇḍra and is also known as ṇḍ-nātha (Kṛṣṇaṇḍ) while Kṛṣṇa represents the name found in a series of mantras addressed to the nine ٳ.

Shakta (शाक्�, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
: archive.org: Hindu Mathematicsٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) represents the number 12 (twelve) in the “word-numeral system� (ūٲṃk), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.—A system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 12�ٲṇḍ] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the Śāstras, connote numbers.

Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) refers to the “meridian sun�, according to the ŚⲹԾ첹-śٰ: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the treatment of hawks]: “In summer, when the air is heated by the terrible rays of the meridian sun (ٲṇḍ-tāpa), the bare trees cannot afford shelter; stormy winds surcharged with dust blow on all sides; [...] then the season, like the forest fire, becomes intolerable to these birds [i.e., hawks], [...]. Therefore cooling processes should be now resorted to�.

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts�) and Shastras (“sciences�) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
: archive.org: The Elephant Lore of the Hindusṇḍ (मार्ताण्�) refers to the “sun�, according to the 15th century ٲṅgī composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 1, “on the origin of elephants”]: �21. The creation of elephants (as told in the following) was holy, and for the profit of sacrifice to the Gods, and especially for the welfare of kings. Therefore it is clear that elephants must be zealously tended. The (cosmic) egg from which the creation of the sun (ṇḍ) took place—the Unborn (Creator) took solemnly in his two hands the two gleaming half shells of that egg, exhibited (to him) by the Brahmanical sages, and chanted seven 峾Բ at once. Thereupon (from one shell) the elephant Airāvata was born, and seven (other) noble elephants (i.e., the eight elephants of the ‘quarters� or regions) were severally born, through the chanting. [...]�.

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
: Wikisource: Ashtavakra Gitaٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) refers to the �(blistering) sun (of the pain)� (of things that need doing), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “[...] How can there be happiness, for one who is burnt inside by the blistering sun (ٲṇḍ-jvālā) of the pain of things that need doing [kartavyaduḥkhaٲṇḍjvālādagdhāntarātmana�], without the rain of the nectar of peace? This existence is just imagination. It is nothing in reality, but there is no non-being for natures that know how to distinguish being from non being. [...]�.

Vedanta (वेदान्�, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
General definition (in Hinduism)
: Apam Napat: Indian MythologyMartanda is another name for the sun god Surya, who is also known as Vivasvant. He is one of the Adityas, or sons of Aditi. His name literally means 'dead-egg'. According to [R.V.10.72], he is the eigth son of Aditi, who she cast away (presumably because he was dead). Later, she brought him back to life and to die again.
In later texts, Martanda is exclusively identified with Surya and Vivasvant. For e.g. [Maha:1.75], B.P..
India history and geography
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossaryٲṇḍ.�(IE 7-1-2), ‘twelve.� Note: ٲṇḍ is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary� as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishٲṇḍ (मार्तं�).�m The sun.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड).—[mṛtādaṇḍājjāyate a� śakaṃ�]
1) The sun; अय� मार्तण्ड� कि� � खल� तुरगैः सप्तभिरितः (aya� ٲṇḍ� ki� sa khalu turagai� saptabhirita�) K. P.1; Uttararāmacarita 6.3; मारितं � यत� प्रोक्तमेतदण्ड� त्वयोदितम् � तस्मान्मुन� सुतस्तेऽयं मार्तण्डाख्य� भविष्यति (mārita� ca yata� proktametadaṇḍa� tvayoditam | tasmānmune sutaste'ya� mārtaṇḍākhyo bhaviṣyati) Mārk. P.
2) The Arka tree.
3) A hog.
4) The number twelve. (Also ṇḍ).
Derivable forms: ٲṇḍ� (मार्तण्ड�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionaryٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड).—i. e. mṛtaṇḍa + a, m. 1. The sun, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 140, 9; [Ჹٲṅgṇ�] 5, 153. 2. A hog.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionaryٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड).—[masculine] the sun or the god of the [substantive] (cf. seq.).
--- OR ---
ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�).—[masculine] bird, [especially] the bird in the sky i.e. the sun.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum1) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—See Pratāpaٲṇḍ, Prāyaścittaٲṇḍ, Mantraٲṇḍ, Muhūrtaٲṇḍ, Rājaٲṇḍ.
2) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड):—śr. Oudh. Xix, 22.
3) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड):—śr. Oudh. Xx, 8. Xxi, 20. Xxii, 34.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड):�m. (later form of ṇḍ q.v.) the sun or the god of the sun, [Ѳٲ; Rāmāyaṇa], etc. (often ifc. in titles of books; cf. chandoprameya-m etc.)
2) a statue of the sun-god, [Ჹٲṅgṇī]
3) Name of various authors (cf. [compound])
4) [plural] the Ādityas (and therefore a symbolical Name for the number ‘twelve�), [Śrutabodha]
5) a hog, boar, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) ṇḍ (मार्ताण्�):—[from ٲṇḍ] m. ([from] ṛtṇḍ) ‘sprung from a (seemingly) lifeless egg�, a bird, [Ṛg-veda; Brāhmaṇa]
7) [v.s. ...] ‘bird in the sky�, the sun (= or [varia lectio] for, ٲṇḍ), [Ჹٲṅgṇī]
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)ٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ѳٳٲṃḍ, ⲹṃḍ.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम� (ṃsṛt), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryMārtaṃḍa (मार्तं�) [Also spelled martand]:�(nm) the sun.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpusMārtaṃḍa (ಮಾರ್ತಂ�):—[noun] the rival group, team or party.
--- OR ---
Mārtaṃḍa (ಮಾರ್ತಂ�):�
1) [noun] the sun.
2) [noun] the Sun-God.
3) [noun] the plant Calotropis gigantea ( = C. procera) of Asciepiadaceae family; madar.
4) [noun] the thick-bodied, domesticated swine Sus Scrofa; a pig; a hog.
--- OR ---
Mārtāṃḍa (ಮಾರ್ತಾಂಡ):—[noun] = ಮಾರ್ತಂ� [martamda]2 - 1 & 2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionaryٲṇḍ (मार्तण्ड):—n. 1. the sun; 2. Bot. arka; blue madar; 3. � सुनामक्खी [ܲ峾ī]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+2): Martamdapatha, Martanda mishra, Martanda somayajin, Martandadipika, Martandajvala, Martandakoti, Martandakula, Martandamahatmya, Martandamandala, Martandamula, Martandanarasimha, Martandanatha, Martandanrisimha, Martandapratima, Martandarcana, Martandarcanacandrika, Martandashataka, Martandatapa, Martandatilakasvamin, Martandavallabha.
Full-text (+81): Rajamartanda, Chandomartanda, Martandavallabha, Pratapamartanda, Yogamartanda, Martandamandala, Vivekamartanda, Martandavedoddhara, Kalamartanda, Martandamahatmya, Prameyakamalamartanda, Praudhapratapamartanda, Prayashcittamartanda, Martandashataka, Prashnamartanda, Brihadrajamartanda, Muhurtamartanda, Shuddhadvaitamartanda, Martandadipika, Nayamartanda.
Relevant text
Search found 75 books and stories containing Martanda, ṇḍ, ٲṇḍ, Martamda, Mārtaṃḍa, Mārtanḍa, Mārtāṃḍa; (plurals include: Martandas, ṇḍs, ٲṇḍs, Martamdas, Mārtaṃḍas, Mārtanḍas, Mārtāṃḍas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Vedic influence on the Sun-worship in the Puranas (by Goswami Mitali)
Sun-worship Vratas (35) ٲṇḍ-saptamī < [Chapter 5 - Rituals Related to the Sun-Worship in the Purāṇas]
Part 26 - The Ādityas < [Chapter 2 - Salient Traits of the Solar Divinities in the Veda]
Sun-worship Vratas (19) Trigati-saptamī < [Chapter 5 - Rituals Related to the Sun-Worship in the Purāṇas]
Markandeya Purana (Study) (by Chandamita Bhattacharya)
1. The Birth of Sūrya (ٲṇḍ) < [Chapter 3]
Sun Worship and Mythology (Introduction) < [Chapter 3]
2. Description of Solar Family < [Chapter 3]
Sanskrit sources of Kerala history (by Suma Parappattoli)
7. Arthavimarsini by Vaikkathu Pachu Muttat < [Chapter 6 - Miscellaneous Sanskrit works bearing on Kerala history]
2. Balamartandavijaya by Devaraja-suri < [Chapter 5 - Sanskrit Dramas and Campus bearing on Kerala History]
15. Padmanabhacarita by Krishna Sarma < [Chapter 5 - Sanskrit Dramas and Campus bearing on Kerala History]
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
Atmosphere, space, direction, etc. < [Chapter 5 - Aspects of Nature]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 3 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 22 - Raṅgācārya < [Chapter XX - Philosophy of the Rāmānuja School of Thought]
Part 7 - Veṅkaṭanātha’s treatment of pramāṇa < [Chapter XX - Philosophy of the Rāmānuja School of Thought]
Part 4 - Rāmānuja Literature < [Chapter XVIII - An Historical and Literary Survey of the Viśiṣṭādvaita School of Thought]
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