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Significance of Passion

Passion is a multifaceted concept across various belief systems. In Buddhism and Jainism, it encompasses intense emotional states like anger, pride, and greed that can lead to suffering and poor decision-making. Jainism highlights the importance of controlling these emotions, categorized as kashaya, due to their potential to stain the soul and hinder spiritual growth. Similarly, in Theravada, passion manifests as desires that distract from a peaceful mind. Overall, passion is viewed as both a common human experience and a possible obstacle on the spiritual path.1
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Synonyms: Enthusiasm, Fervor, Zeal, Devotion, Intensity, Dedication, Eagerness, Love, Excitement, Fire

In Swedish: Passion; In French: Passion; In Dutch: Passie; In Finnish: Intohimo; In Spanish: 笔补蝉颈贸苍; In German: Hingabe; In Malay: Keghairahan

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Passion'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, Passion (klesha) embodies emotional disturbances stemming from ignorance and attachment, hindering spiritual clarity and progress. It contrasts with enlightened thought, as it fuels suffering and distracts from attaining a peaceful mind.

Significance in Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism):
Mahayana Books

From: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

(1) Referred to as klesha, these are the emotional disturbances that interfere with one's spiritual progress.[1] (2) Klesha signify the emotional and mental afflictions that undermine peace and clarity, stemming from ignorance and attachment.[2] (3) The emotional and mental disturbances that can affect the clarity or purity of the mind, often seen as obstacles on the path to enlightenment.[3] (4) The emotional disturbances or desires that the Buddha's Dharma aims to extinguish, in contrast to the heretical view that may condone such behaviors.[4] (5) The emotional disturbances (klesha) that can hinder a bodhisattva's progress; keeping them slight is crucial for advancement.[5]

From: Akshayamatinirdesha [english]

(1) The letter is teachings for beings who act out of this, aversion, delusion or the three together; while the meaning is the imperturbable knowledge which is liberated thought.[6]

Mahayana is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sutras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajnaparamita sutras.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Vinaya Pitaka (1): Bhikkhu-vibhanga (the analysis of Monks鈥� rules)

(1) Desires that the Buddha鈥檚 teachings aim to still or diminish, contrasted against Udayin鈥檚 praise of sense-pleasures.[7] (2) Desires and emotional states that are generally considered inferior.[8]

From: Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6

(1) A strong feeling of desire or longing, often associated with suffering as it distracts from a calm and peaceful mind.[9] (2) Emotions and desires that need to be controlled according to the virtue being discussed.[10]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Significance in Buddhism (general):

From: The Fo-Sho-Hing-Tsan-King (A Life of Buddha)

(1) Intense emotional experiences that can contribute to suffering, as discussed in the context of life鈥檚 adversities.[11]

Hindu concept of 'Passion'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Passion encompasses intense emotions that hinder knowledge and meditation, characterized by desire and attachment. It is a driving force behind actions but can lead to irrationality and downfall if uncontrolled.

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Brahma Sutras (Shankaracharya)

(1) The provided text indicates that individuals performing specific actions are not overcome by passion and similar experiences, according to the passage's assertions.[12] (2) Passion is one of the gunas mentioned in the text, and it is described as having the power impeding knowledge.[13] (3) An emotional state that is deemed inappropriate for meditation, contrasting with calmness.[14]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Mahabharata (English)

(1) A quality identified with activity and production; it is the driving force behind successive actions.[15] (2) A quality characterized by desire, thirst, and attachment, which binds the soul through attachment to work.[16]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Kavya (poetry):
Kavya Books

From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)

(1) Emotional intensity that drives characters to extreme actions, leading to their respective downfalls.[17]

Kavya refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or 鈥榚pic poetry鈥� and natya, or 鈥榙ramatic poetry鈥�.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) Denotes strong emotion, energy, or enthusiasm, denoted by the term 'jvara.'[18]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Arthashastra (politics and welfare):
Arthashastra Books

From: Hitopadesha (English translation)

(1) The strong emotion experienced by the Lion leading to his destruction.[19]

Arthashastra literature concerns itself with the teachings (shastra) of economic prosperity (artha) statecraft, politics and military tactics. The term arthashastra refers to both the name of these scientific teachings, as well as the name of a Sanskrit work included in such literature. This book was written (3rd century BCE) by by Kautilya, who flourished in the 4th century BCE.

Significance in Dharmashastra (religious law):
Dharmashastra Books

From: Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi

(1) Emotional states that can lead a king to irrationality and poor decision-making if not controlled.[20]

Dharmashastra contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Significance in Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology):
Jyotisha Books

From: Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology

(1) This is the quality of Mercury and Venus, describing the planetary qualities.[21]

Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, jyotisha or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Jain concept of 'Passion'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Passion encompasses emotional states like anger, pride, deceit, and greed that hinder spiritual growth, cause karmic bondage, and can lead to irrational behavior, fundamentally affecting the nature of living beings.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)

(1) Emotional states or desires that can lead to deterioration in spiritual practice and understanding.[22] (2) An intense emotion that can lead to wrongful actions such as stealing, particularly when someone takes something out of desire or greed.[23] (3) Kashaya; includes feelings like anger, pride, deceitfulness, and greed, which contribute to bondage.[24] (4) The emotional states that stain the soul through karmic influx, specifically identified as anger, pride, deceitfulness, and greed.[25] (5) Described as kashaya, these are the four major emotions or traits鈥攁nger (krodha), pride (mana), deceitfulness (maya), and greed (lobha)鈥攖hat influence human behavior.[26]

From: Bhagavati-sutra (Viyaha-pannatti)

(1) Emotions that human beings experience, which are indicated to vary without claiming special importance.[27] (2) Attributes that affect living beings, akin to those with sense organs until the passion of greed.[28] (3) Emotional states such as anger, pride, attachment, and greed.[29] (4) Passions refer to emotional states like anger, pride, and attachment that determine the forms of beings.[30]

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) A category of karma characterized by emotional intensity.[31]

From: Sutrakritanga (English translation)

(1) Intense emotions or desires that can lead to irrational behavior.[32]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Passion in local and regional sources

History Books

Passion signifies a profound emotional intensity, encompassing both joy and pain from the protagonist's experiences. It aligns with Aristotle's analysis of emotional states in drama, which resonates with broad audiences while reflecting individual sentiments.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) Suggests deep emotional intensity that has led to both joy and pain in the protagonist's past.[33] (2) The emotional states analyzed by Aristotle in drama, which are open to all audiences, contrasting the more personal sentiments experienced by the individual.[34]

From: Bede's Ecclesiastical History of England

(1) The passion of Christ is related to the Gospel and the Resurrection of our Lord.[35]

Plural form: Passions.