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Significance of Lament

Lament is a multifaceted term that encompasses expressions of sorrow and mourning across various contexts in South Asia. It denotes feelings of grief tied to familial relationships, as seen in the weaver girl's concerns for loss. In Vaishnavism, it reflects Kali's grief, while in the Purana, it features King Harishcandra's despair upon contemplating his wife's situation. Kavya presents lament through Harisvamin's search for his lost wife, and in Theravada, it is embodied by Queen Canda mourning her son.1
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Synonyms: Mourn, Grieve, Weep, Regret, Sorrow, Lamentation

In Dutch: Klaagzang; In Finnish: Valittaa; In Spanish: Lamento; In German: Klage; In Malay: Meratap; In Swedish: Beklaga; In French: Complainte

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Lament'

Buddhism Books

Lament in Buddhism reflects deep expressions of grief, exemplified by Queen Canda's mourning for her son, emphasizing the emotional responses to suffering and loss within the context of impermanence and compassion.

Significance in Theravada (major branch of Buddhism):
Theravada Books

From: Jataka tales [English], Volume 1-6

(1) The expressions of grief shown by queen Canda as she mourned for her son throughout his suffering and after his death.[1]

From: Maha Buddhavamsa—The Great Chronicle of Buddhas

(1) To express sorrow or regret, which Kaliadevila did regarding the loss of witnessing the Prince's path.[2]

Theravada is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Hindu concept of 'Lament'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, "Lament" embodies expressions of sorrow, as showcased by Harisvamin's search for his wife, Kali's grief, and King Harishchandra's anguish over his queen's plight, reflecting profound emotional responses to loss and distress.

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Shastri)

(1) To express grief or sorrow, particularly in response to loss.[3]

From: Devi Bhagavata Purana

(1) The expression of deep sorrow from King Harishcandra upon hearing the Queen's suggestion to sell her, signifying his distress over their situation.[4]

From: Ramayana of Valmiki (Griffith)

(1) Lament is a weapon employed by Gadhi's son, adding to the variety of destructive forces utilized in the clash between the warrior and the Brahman.[5]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Garga Samhita (English)

(1) To express sorrow or mourning, which the speaker is asking the women not to do.[6] (2) To express sorrow or regret, specifically discouraged by the speaker in relation to the girls�� feelings.[7]

From: Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu

(1) The expression of sorrow or grief, used here to depict Sahadeva's emotional response to the absence of his parents.[8]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu��).

Significance in Kavya (poetry):
Kavya Books

From: Kathasaritsagara (the Ocean of Story)

(1) Expressions of sorrow and mourning made by Harisvamin as he searches for his lost wife.[9]

Kavya refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry�� and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry��.

The concept of Lament in local and regional sources

History Books

Lament signifies the expression of sorrow, especially regarding familial relationships. In the provided context, it reflects the weaver girl's fears of loss, emphasizing emotional ties and the deep impact of grief on personal connections.

Significance in South Asia:
South Asia Books

From: Village Folk-tales of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), vol. 1-3

(1) The act of mourning which involves hiring women to cry over the dead body, reflecting on the misfortunes connected to the incident.[10] (2) To express sorrow or mourning, particularly in the context of familial ties, as illustrated by the weaver girl's concerns about potential loss.[11]

Significance in India history and geography:

From: Triveni Journal

(1) The expression of deep sorrow or grief, particularly in reference to personal loss.[12]

Plural form: Laments.