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Accentuation of dhuma - a benison in clinical practice

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Accentuation of dhuma - a benison in clinical practice
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Dr. Shwetha M. BAMS, (MD) Ayu., Dr. Usha Rao BAMS, (MD) Ayu. and Dr. Sangeeta Rao, MD (Ayu)


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: Accentuation of dhuma - a benison in clinical practice

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20242-30833

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Dhumapana, a traditional Ayurvedic practice, involves administering medicinal smoke via inhalation, which can be traced back to Vedic times. While modern clinical applications primarily utilize dhumapana in specific procedures like Vamana and Nasya, ancient texts reveal extensive references to its therapeutic use across various diseases and conditions. This method of treatment emphasizes inhalation of medicinal substances, which offers advantages such as enhanced absorption and bypassing first-pass metabolism. Additionally, dhumapana is recognized as an integral part of daily routines (Dinacharya), underscoring its relevance in contemporary Ayurvedic practice.

The Unique Concept of Dhumapana

Dhumapana and its related practice, Dhumanasya, are significant components of Ayurvedic medicine. This approach utilizes medicinal smoke, derived from burning herbal and mineral substances, to treat various ailments, particularly respiratory conditions such as Kasa (cough) and Shwasa (asthma). The practice is linked to larger spiritual and ecological principles, such as Yagya therapy, which promotes social and environmental balance. Interestingly, Dhumapana is not only a treatment modality but also a preventive strategy embedded in the daily regimen of individuals, aimed at maintaining health.

Methods of Preparation for Dhuma Varti

A variety of methods exist for preparing Dhuma Varti, which involves creating forms of the medicine suitable for burning. Techniques include Darbha lepana, where a paste of the medicinal substances is applied onto the darbha grass, and Vastra lepana, where it is applied to fabric. Other methods, such as Patra lepana and Gutika, involve using different materials like leaves and guggulu in their formulation. These preparation techniques highlight the adaptability of Dhumapana methods, allowing for personalized administration according to patient needs or available resources.

Instruments for Administration of Dhumapana

Effective administration of Dhumapana relies on specific instruments that facilitate the inhalation of smoke. Notable instruments include the Malla samputa, designed for direct application of smoke to affected areas, and the Hukkapot, which allows for inhalation of smoke through an outlet pipe. These tools are essential for achieving the desired therapeutic effects of dhumapana, making the process more efficient and streamlined in clinical settings.

Conclusion

Inhalation therapies, such as Dhumapana, have been integral to Ayurvedic medicine for over 4000 years, especially concerning respiratory ailments. Research and clinical practices continue to endorse the effectiveness and relevance of this ancient treatment modality for both local and systemic diseases. Emphasizing easy preparation and administration of Dhumapana can bring significant benefits to those seeking alternative therapies, reinforcing its importance not only as a method of treatment but also as a preventive health measure in everyday life.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is Dhumapana and its historical significance in Ayurveda?

Dhumapana is an ancient Ayurvedic concept where medicinal smoke is inhaled. Its history traces back to the Vedic period, where it was utilized for treating various diseases and mentioned extensively in classical texts.

What are the primary benefits of inhaling medicinal smoke?

Inhalation of medicinal smoke offers high absorption rates and avoids gastric degradation. It bypasses first-pass metabolism, making it effective for treating respiratory conditions and promoting overall health.

What drugs are commonly used in Dhumapana?

Commonly used drugs include Agaru, Guggulu, and yastimadhu for various types of Dhumapana, specifically tailored for conditions like Shwasa and Kasa, reflecting their therapeutic properties in Ayurveda.

What are the methods of preparing Dhuma Varti?

Methods include Darbha lepana, Vastra lepana, Patra lepana, and Gutika. Each method involves preparing and securing the herbal mixture in specific forms to facilitate effective inhalation.

What instruments are used for administering Dhumapana?

Instruments include Malla samputa, which combines two sharavas, and Hukkapot, which allows smoke inhalation through an outlet pipe. These tools facilitate the effective delivery of medicinal smoke.

How does Dhumapana relate to Dinacharya and health promotion?

Dhumapana is not only a treatment modality but also a part of Dinacharya, emphasizing its role in daily health practices and preventive healthcare according to Ayurvedic principles.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Accentuation of dhuma - a benison in clinical practice�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Dhumapana (Dhuma-pana):
Dhumapana refers to the ancient Ayurvedic practice of inhaling medicinal smoke. It is rooted in Hindu traditions and is mentioned in Vedic texts, used historically to treat various health issues. It emphasizes the significance of inhalation as a therapeutic route for effective drug delivery without digestive deterioration.

2) Dravya:
Dravyas are individual components or substances used in Ayurvedic formulations designed for various therapeutic effects. In the context of Dhumapana, different dravyas contribute specific properties, reinforcing the formulation's efficacy when administered through inhalation for treating ailments.

3) Dhuma:
Dhuma translates to smoke, particularly medicinal smoke in Ayurveda. It plays a pivotal role in treatments, delivered through inhalation. The use of dhuma for therapeutic purposes highlights the understanding of inhalation as a delivery route, crucial to Ayurvedic practices focusing on respiratory conditions.

4) Kalpana:
Kalpana refers to preparation or formulation in Ayurveda. It encompasses various methods of creating herbal or mineral medicines, including those prepared for inhalation. Kalpana details how different dravyas can be combined or formulated to serve therapeutic purposes, including their specific applications.

5) Disease:
Diseases encompass a broader spectrum of health conditions that can impair normal functioning. Ayurvedic texts detail various diseases, their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Dhumapana serves as a remedial approach in managing respiratory diseases, affirming its relevance in holistic health practices.

6) Sharava (Sarava):
Sharava refers to a vessel or container used in the practice of Dhumapana for administering medicated smoke. It plays a vital role in the delivery of therapeutic substances, ensuring proper containment and effectiveness of inhaled medication during treatment procedures.

7) Varti (Vartin):
Varti denotes a cylindrical preparation or stick made from curdled medicinal substance. In Ayurvedic practice, varti serves as a means of administering herbal medications through smoke inhalation, reflecting traditional methods to enhance therapeutic outcomes for various ailments.

8) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasasastra):
Rasashastra is a specialized branch of Ayurveda focusing on alchemy and the properties of metals and minerals. It contributes to the formulations used in Dhumapana by providing insights into the preparation and therapeutic applications of dravyas, including those derived from minerals for medicinal use.

9) Bhaishajya (Bhaisajya):
Bhaishajya means medicine in Ayurveda and encompasses all forms of therapeutic substances and practices. It includes knowledge about various remedies, their preparations, and their applications. Dhumapana illustrates bhaishajya's application through inhalation methods of delivering herbal medicines effectively.

10) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating in India, emphasizing the balance of body, mind, and spirit for health. Its holistic approach includes methods like Dhumapana for treating ailments. Understanding Ayurveda involves integrating traditional practices with contemporary health perspectives.

11) Samhita:
Samhita refers to classical texts or compilations of Ayurvedic knowledge. Important samhitas discuss principles, diagnoses, treatments, and medicinal preparations. They provide foundational knowledge supporting modern practices like Dhumapana, drawing from ancient wisdom for effective therapeutic applications.

12) Science (Scientific):
Science represents systematic knowledge gained through observation and experimentation. In the context of Ayurveda, integrating scientific perspectives helps validate and understand ancient practices like Dhumapana, ensuring their relevance and efficacy in contemporary medicinal frameworks.

13) Vastra:
Vastra means cloth or fabric, which can be utilized to prepare Dhumapana products. In various preparation methods, vastra acts as a medium for medicated substances, facilitating the creation of varti forms that are later used for inhaling medicinal smoke.

14) Drug:
Drugs encompass a variety of substances used for medical treatments. In Ayurvedic practice, these can be natural or prepared compounds, including herbal formulations used in Dhumapana for their therapeutic effects, underscoring the importance of diverse drug types for comprehensive health management.

15) Guggulu:
Guggulu is a resin from the Commiphora Mukul tree known for its medicinal properties. In Dhumapana, guggulu is often used for its anti-inflammatory and therapeutic effects, enhancing the overall efficacy of inhaled treatments. Its incorporation reflects the importance of potent natural substances in Ayurveda.

16) Burning (Burn, Burned, Burnt):
Burning signifies the process involved in creating medicinal smoke by igniting organic materials. In Dhumapana, this method allows for the transformation of solid herbal substances into smoke for inhalation, showcasing an essential aspect of Ayurveda's understanding of healing through inhaled therapies.

17) Lepana:
Lepana refers to the application of a paste or ointment in Ayurveda. While not directly used in Dhumapana, the concept of lepana complements the understanding of topical and alternative methods of delivering medication, illustrating Ayurveda's holistic approach to treatment.

18) Dhupa:
Dhupa is the term for the action of fumigation in Ayurveda, involving the emission of medicinal smoke to achieve therapeutic effects. It is a fundamental aspect of Dhumapana practices, offering a unique medicinal route that can enhance health outcomes, particularly for respiratory issues.

19) Lepa:
Lepas refer to medicinal pastes applied topically in Ayurveda. While not directly linked to Dhumapana, the concept underscores the emphasis Ayurveda places on using pastes for health benefits and illustrates the various forms of treatment within traditional practices.

20) Kasa (Kasha):
Kasa signifies cough in Ayurvedic texts, representing a prevalent respiratory condition that can be treated using Dhumapana. The practice harnesses medicinal smoke's benefits to alleviate symptoms and promote healing, illustrating Ayurveda's holistic view of respiratory health.

21) Rajayakshma (Rajan-yakshma, Rajayaksma):
Rajayakshma refers to a form of tuberculosis in Ayurveda, historically significant as a chronic disease. The usage of Dhumapana for treating this condition emphasizes the ancient practice's relevance in addressing severe health issues through inhalation therapies for effective healing.

22) Yashtimadhu (Yastimadhu, Yashti-madhu):
Yastimadhu, commonly known as licorice, is an important herb in Ayurveda celebrated for its soothing and anti-inflammatory properties. Its inclusion in Dhumapana formulations enhances the treatment of respiratory conditions, showcasing its therapeutic value in herbal medicine.

23) Dhupana:
Dhupana involves the act of inhaling medicinal smoke produced by burning specific herbal mixtures. This practice is integral to Ayurvedic therapies for respiratory and other conditions, reinforcing the therapeutic significance of inhalation in achieving optimal health benefits.

24) Surface:
Surface refers to the areas of the body where therapeutic smoke may be applied or directed during Dhumapana. It highlights the importance of direct access to affected areas to enhance the effectiveness of inhalation treatments, particularly in respiratory therapies.

25) Kamala (Kama-la):
Kamala, meaning lotus, can refer to the herbal properties derived from the flowers or plants in Ayurvedic formulations. Its usage in Dhumapana emphasizes the integration of natural botanicals known for their therapeutic capabilities, enriching the medicinal properties of inhaled therapies.

26) Laksha (Laksa):
Laksha, a resin obtained from certain tree species, is known for its medicinal properties in Ayurveda. In Dhumapana, laksha can enhance formulations, showcasing the incorporation of varied herbal-derived substances necessary for effective therapeutic applications.

27) Patra:
Patra means leaf, often referring to the leaves used in Ayurvedic preparations. In the context of Dhumapana, patra can serve as a medium for creating varti or formulations, reflecting the significance of natural materials in medication production.

28) Malla:
Malla refers to a type of vessel or container used for inhalation practices in Ayurveda. It signifies the importance of specific instruments in facilitating effective Dhumapana methods for administering medicinal smoke to achieve desired health outcomes.

29) Hikka:
Hikka denotes hiccups, a condition treated within Ayurvedic medicine. Dhumapana's application in managing hikka highlights the diverse therapeutic potential of smoke inhalation in addressing various respiratory and digestive disturbances within traditional practices.

30) Water:
Water serves as a fundamental element in many Ayurvedic preparations and practices. In the context of Dhumapana, it plays a crucial role in some methods, serving as a medium for burning herbal preparations or facilitating the inhalation process through steam.

31) Veda:
Vedic pertains to the ancient sacred texts of Hinduism, which form the basis of Ayurveda. The practices of Dhumapana trace their origins back to Vedic traditions, underscoring how these ancient concepts have influenced holistic health approaches in contemporary times.

32) Vati:
Vati refers to small, round tablets or pills made from herbal substances. While not directly related to Dhumapana, vati illustrates the diversity of Ayurvedic dosage forms, emphasizing the significance of different preparation methods aimed at achieving therapeutic goals.

33) Substance:
Substance refers broadly to any material used in Ayurvedic formulations. In relation to Dhumapana, understanding the nature and properties of various substances is crucial for developing effective inhalation therapies targeting specific conditions and enhancing overall health outcomes.

34) Fire:
Fire is a fundamental element in the process of Dhumapana, transforming solid herbs into smoke for inhalation. This element holds symbolic significance in Ayurveda, representing purification, transformation, and the essence of medicinal preparations aimed at healing.

35) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
Sushruta-samhita is a foundational text in Ayurvedic medicine, known for its surgical techniques and therapeutic knowledge. It discusses various treatment modalities, including Dhumapana, showcasing the interplay between ancient wisdom and practices for diverse health conditions.

36) Kashyapasamhita (Kasyapasamhita, Kashyapa-samhita):
Kashyapa-samhita is another significant Ayurvedic text, providing insights into pediatrics and general health. Its mention of Dhumapana emphasizes the breadth of Ayurvedic therapeutic strategies and the relevance of inhalation treatments throughout diverse life stages.

37) Paschat-karma:
Paschat-karma refers to the post-treatment procedures in Ayurvedic therapies. Dhumapana can serve as a paschat-karma method to alleviate residual symptoms and promote healing after primary treatments, illustrating the holistic approach integrated into Ayurvedic practices for patient care.

38) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibacterial denotes substances that combat bacterial infections. In the context of Dhumapana, certain herbal components exhibit antibacterial properties, reinforcing the holistic benefits of inhaling medicinal smoke for treating respiratory and infectious diseases.

39) Discussion:
Discussion encompasses the analytical evaluation of Dhumapana's efficacy and applications within Ayurvedic medicine. This exchange of ideas is essential for understanding the method's historical relevance and potential adaptations in contemporary health practices based on historical insights.

40) Dashamula (Dasha-mula, Dasamula, Dashan-mula):
Dashamula is a combination of ten roots known in Ayurveda for their multifaceted therapeutic properties. Its relevance in Dhumapana enhances the treatment potential for various respiratory conditions, underscoring the traditional knowledge of using synergistic herbal combinations.

41) Elavaluka:
Elavaluka refers to specific herbal ingredients in Ayurveda, contributing therapeutic properties to preparations. In Dhumapana, elavaluka serves to enhance the overall efficacy of medicated smoke, exemplifying the intricate knowledge of herbal combinations in healing practices.

42) Krimihara (Krmihara, Krimi-hara):
Krimihara signifies substances that are effective against parasites or microbial infections. In Dhumapana, particular herbs noted for krimihara properties help address respiratory ailments associated with infectious diseases, illustrating Ayurveda's comprehensive approach to health and disease management.

43) Medicine:
Medicine denotes the broader field of healing practices, encompassing traditional and modern approaches. Ayurveda, including methods like Dhumapana, represents a holistic segment of medicine that emphasizes natural healing and the importance of integrative therapeutic strategies.

44) Shallaki (Sallaki):
Shallaki, also known as Boswellia serrata, is an important herb known for its anti-inflammatory properties. It can be included in Dhumapana formulations to assist in treating conditions related to inflammation, exemplifying the value of specific herbs in Ayurvedic medicinal practices.

45) Atyayika:
Atyayika refers to emergency treatments in Ayurveda for sudden or acute conditions. The use of Dhumapana highlights its role in addressing urgent health issues in traditional practices, reflecting the adaptability of Ayurvedic methods in various health situations.

46) Shaileya (Saileya):
Shaileya typically refers to distinct geographical or plant characteristics in Ayurveda. Relevant to Dhumapana, it signifies the importance of utilizing locally sourced herbs and materials, ensuring their therapeutic properties align with specific environmental contexts for effective treatments.

47) Udumbara:
Udumbara is a medicinal plant noted for its various health benefits in Ayurveda. Its incorporation in Dhumapana underscores the practice's reliance on diverse plant sources to create effective therapeutic formulations aimed at improving health outcomes.

48) Kashyapa (Kasyapa, Kashya-pa):
Kashyapa refers to an eminent sage in Ayurveda, often recognized for contributions to pediatric medicine. His texts provide insights into practices like Dhumapana and underscore the historical significance of classical Ayurvedic knowledge in treating various health challenges.

49) Padmaka:
Padmaka is a plant mentioned in Ayurvedic texts, known for its therapeutic properties. Its relevance in Dhumapana illustrates Ayurveda’s focus on using various botanicals to formulate effective medicinal preparations for treating respiratory and other conditions.

50) Hridaya (Hrdaya):
Hridaya signifies the heart in Ayurveda, symbolizing not only the physical organ but also emotional and spiritual aspects of health. This perspective emphasizes holistic health in practices such as Dhumapana, contributing to overall well-being and balance.

51) Hrivera:
Hrivera refers to a specific herb mentioned in Ayurvedic sources. Its properties contribute to Dhumapana formulations, showcasing the diverse range of plant-based substances utilized in traditional healing practices to address various ailments.

52) Bhavana (Bha-vana):
Bhavana represents the process of intensifying and enhancing the properties of herbal substances in Ayurveda. It is integral to Dhumapana, where the preparation of medicated smoke through bhavana can maximize therapeutic benefits for respiratory health.

53) Plaksha (Plaksa):
Plaksha is a tree whose bark and other parts are used in Ayurveda for their medicinal properties. Its relevance in Dhumapana highlights the diversity of plant materials utilized in traditional practices, enhancing the overall efficacy of inhaled therapies.

54) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Astanga refers to the eight branches of Ayurveda, encompassing various aspects of health, treatment, and medicine. Understanding astanga provides a comprehensive framework for the application of practices like Dhumapana within the holistic paradigm of Ayurveda.

55) Haridra:
Haridra, or turmeric, is a potent herb known for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. Its incorporation in Dhumapana formulations emphasizes the therapeutic value of common herbs in Ayurvedic medicine, enhancing the effectiveness of inhalation treatments for various conditions.

56) Lavanga (Lavamga):
Lavanga, or clove, is an aromatic spice recognized for its medicinal properties, particularly its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. In Dhumapana, its inclusion aids in providing therapeutic smoke that can alleviate respiratory discomfort and promote overall health.

57) Mineral:
Minerals represent inorganic substances that can be utilized in Ayurvedic preparations. In Dhumapana, the use of mineral dravyas can augment the therapeutic properties of smoke inhalation, enhancing treatment effectiveness for various ailments and promoting holistic health.

58) Tvacha:
Tvacha refers to the skin, and in Ayurvedic practices, it could signify the treatment of skin-related conditions. While related to Dhumapana, it emphasizes the broader scope of Ayurvedic healing, showcasing the methodology's versatility in addressing various health issues.

59) Ushira (Usira):
Ushira, or vetiver, is an aromatic grass known for its cooling properties in Ayurveda. Its inclusion in Dhumapana formulations enhances the therapeutic benefits, particularly for respiratory health, signifying the importance of aromatic herbs in traditional healing.

60) Utpala:
Utpala refers to lotus flower, often used in Ayurveda for its calming and therapeutic properties. Its presence in Dhumapana highlights the practice's reliance on the unique qualities of floral substances to enhance the effectiveness of inhaled treatments.

61) Gutika:
Gutika indicates round pills or tablets formed from medicinal substances in Ayurveda. Although distinct from the inhalation practice of Dhumapana, gutika represents another method of delivering herbal medications, emphasizing diverse forms of treatment within Ayurvedic practice.

62) Darbha:
Darbha refers to a type of grass used ceremonially and medicinally in Ayurveda. In Dhumapana methods, darbha serves a practical role in device construction for administering medicinal smoke, showcasing the integration of natural materials into therapeutic applications.

63) Vamana:
Vamana is a purificatory procedure in Ayurveda aimed at detoxification. Its connection to Dhumapana emphasizes the importance of complementary practices in traditional healing, illustrating a holistic approach to cleansing and restoring health.

64) Nalika:
Nalika refers to a tube or pipe used in the process of inhaling medicinal smoke during Dhumapana. It signifies the practical aspect of administering therapeutic substances, enhancing the efficiency and ease of inhalation therapies.

65) Cotton:
Cotton is a natural material used in Ayurvedic practices, often for filtration or absorption in preparations. In Dhumapana, cotton can function as a medium to enhance the delivery of medicinal smoke, highlighting the use of simple materials in therapeutic processes.

66) Karma (Karman):
Karma refers to actions or deeds in Ayurveda, often relating to the consequences of health practices. In the context of Dhumapana, karma emphasizes the active role of therapeutic measures in promoting healing and maintaining health through inhalation methods.

67) Nasya (Nashya):
Nasya represents nasal administration of medicinal substances in Ayurveda. While distinct from Dhumapana, it showcases another route of delivering treatment, demonstrating the diversity of inhalation methods in enhancing therapeutic efficacy for various ailments.

68) Kalka:
Kalka signifies a paste of herbal compounds prepared for therapeutic use in Ayurveda. Its application connects to Dhumapana by showcasing a method of preparing medicated substances that may be involved in creating the smoke for inhalation therapies.

69) Musta (Mushta):
Musta refers to a medicinal herb also known as nutgrass, utilized in Ayurveda for its beneficial properties. Its role in Dhumapana emphasizes the consideration for integrating various herbs to create effective formulations for therapeutic inhalation.

70) Agaru:
Agaru, known as agarwood, is valued for its aromatic properties and medicinal benefits. In Dhumapana, agaru can enhance the therapeutic properties of the smoke inhaled, reflecting its important role in traditional Ayurvedic medicine practices.

71) Bilva (Vilva):
Bilva, or bael fruit, is an Ayurvedic herb known for its digestive and respiratory benefits. Its inclusion in Dhumapana showcases how diverse plant materials are utilized in traditional practices to support respiratory health and well-being.

72) Roga:
Roga is the individual term for a disease or disorder in Ayurveda. The understanding of rogas is pivotal for diagnosing and prescribing appropriate treatments in Ayurveda, including inhalation therapies like Dhumapana for specific conditions.

73) Tila:
Tila, or sesame seeds, are recognized in Ayurveda for their health benefits. Their potential inclusion in Dhumapana formulations underscores the versatile use of various edible seeds within herbal therapies for promoting overall wellness.

74) Usa (Usha):
Usha signifies dawn or morning in Ayurveda, symbolizing new beginnings and the importance of daily health practices. The concept integrates with Dhumapana, reflecting the practice's relevance in daily health rituals aimed at maintaining wellness.

75) Vata:
Vata represents one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, encompassing qualities of air and space. Understanding vata is essential for diagnosing conditions and imbalances, especially those related to respiratory health where Dhumapana may play a role in treatment.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 76]

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Accentuation of dhuma - a benison in clinical practice�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Rajayakshma, Chakrika, Dhumapana, Supportive treatment, Ayurvedic Science, Inhalation Therapy, Clinical Practice, Nasal route, Antifungal action, Oral route, First Pass Metabolism, Antiseptic action, Antibacterial action, Respiratory disease, Medicinal Smoke, Alveolar macrophages, Systemic absorption.

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