Antibacterial screening of Argyreia cymosa leaves against pathogens.
Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: Antibacterial screening on leaves of argyreia cymosa roxb., against pathogenic bacteria
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Packia lakshmi N and Fazila Beevi H
World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)
Full text available for: Antibacterial screening on leaves of argyreia cymosa roxb., against pathogenic bacteria
Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study focuses on the antibacterial activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Argyreia cymosa (Roxb), a member of the Convolvulaceae family. Known for its traditional medicinal uses, this study aims to validate and standardize the antibacterial properties of the plant's leaves against common pathogenic bacteria, including E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, and Proteus species. The leaf extract was subjected to bacterial susceptibility testing using the disc diffusion method, followed by compound purification through column chromatography.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Aqueous Extract
The aqueous extract of Argyreia cymosa leaves demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. Notably, the zone of inhibition was measured, revealing that the extract was most effective against E. coli (19 mm), followed closely by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19 mm) and Proteus (17 mm). The least inhibition was found against S. epidermidis with a diameter of 13 mm. These findings indicate the potent antibacterial properties of the plant, supporting its traditional uses in herbal medicine.
Compound Purification and Analysis
Following the extraction of the leaf samples, column chromatography was employed to isolate specific compounds for further antibacterial evaluation. Results indicated varying levels of effectiveness among the isolated compounds when tested against the same bacterial strains. The compound separated from the leaves showed notable inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 mm), Proteus (12 mm), and E. coli (11 mm), although no inhibition was observed for S. epidermidis. This purification step highlights the potential for identifying specific antibacterial agents within Argyreia cymosa.
Infrared Spectrum Analysis
The study also conducted infrared (IR) spectrum analysis to identify chemical bonds and functional groups present in the leaf extracts and isolated compounds. The peaks observed in the IR spectrum were interpreted to indicate the presence of various compounds, including alkenes, ethers, and carboxylic acids. This analysis serves to characterize the chemical constituents of Argyreia cymosa, providing insight into the active components that may contribute to its antibacterial effects.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the findings from this research affirm the antibacterial potential of Argyreia cymosa leaves against numerous pathogenic bacteria. The aqueous extract, along with purified compounds, displayed varying levels of efficacy, suggesting further exploration and validation for its application in herbal medicine. The characterization of active components through IR spectrum analysis enhances the understanding of its therapeutic capabilities, indicating a promising avenue for the development of herbal formulations in the pharmaceutical industry. The study encourages the incorporation of Argyreia cymosa in traditional medicine practices and supports its potential for mass-scale extraction of therapeutic agents.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the focus of the study on Argyreia cymosa?
The study evaluates the antibacterial activity of aqueous leaf extract of Argyreia cymosa against various pathogenic bacteria, contributing to traditional medicinal knowledge and potential pharmaceutical applications.
Which bacteria were tested for antibacterial activity?
The study tested the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus species, and Staphylococcus epidermidis using aqueous extracts of the leaves and compounds separated via chromatography.
How was the leaf extract prepared for testing?
The leaf extract was prepared using a mixture of acetone, petroleum ether, and calcium carbonate. The pigments were filtered and mixed with aqueous sodium chloride before testing.
What method was used to assess antibacterial activity?
The disc diffusion method was employed for evaluating antibacterial susceptibility, where the extracts were impregnated on discs and placed on agar plates seeded with the bacterial strains.
What were the results regarding antibacterial activity?
The aqueous extract displayed significant antibacterial activity, with the maximum inhibition zone measured against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, affirming its potential medicinal value.
What is the conclusion of the study?
The conclusion highlights that Argyreia cymosa has notable antibacterial properties, suggesting its use in herbal preparations for traditional medicine and potential mass-scale therapeutic applications in industry.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for âAntibacterial screening of Argyreia cymosa leaves against pathogens.â�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
In the context of this study, 'activity' refers to the ability of the aqueous extract of Argyreia cymosa leaves to inhibit the growth of specific pathogenic bacteria. This biological activity was systematically evaluated through tests to determine its effectiveness, thereby establishing the medicinal potential of the plant and its possible application in healthcare.
2) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' describes the property of a substance that kills or inhibits bacterial growth. The study's focus is primarily on the antibacterial effects of Argyreia cymosa leaves against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, highlighting the importance of this plant in developing natural antimicrobial agents for preventing infections.
3) Study (Studying):
'Study' refers to the systematic investigation conducted to evaluate the antibacterial properties of Argyreia cymosa leaves. It encompasses research methodologies, including the extraction process, antibacterial testing, and the analysis of results, emphasizing the goal of validating traditional uses of this plant in medicine and its potential for therapeutic applications.
4) Table:
'Table' signifies organized data presentation in this paper. Tables are used to illustrate the experimental results, such as the inhibition zones exhibited by the plant extract against specific bacterial strains. This structured format facilitates easy comparison and understanding of findings, lending credibility and clarity to the reported data.
5) Powder:
'Powder' refers to the physical form of the dried leaves of Argyreia cymosa that are ground into a fine substance for extraction processes. The powdered form is crucial for producing extracts used in antibacterial testing, allowing for the release of bioactive compounds that exhibit the desired medicinal properties.
6) India:
'India' is the geographical context where the Argyreia cymosa plant was collected and studied. This country is rich in biodiversity and traditional medicinal practices, making it relevant for the study's findings, potentially influencing local healthcare practices and contributing to the global understanding of plant-based medicines.
7) Shand (Ĺaášá¸, Sand):
'Sand' is used in the column chromatography preparation for separating the components of the aqueous extract. It serves as a layer above the silica gel to facilitate the correct elution process during liquid chromatography. This phase is critical for purifying the active compounds for further analysis and testing.
8) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu, TamilnÄá¸u):
'Tamil Nadu' is the Indian state where the plant Argyreia cymosa was collected. It signifies the regional significance of the study, as traditional medicine practices in Tamil Nadu often rely on local flora. Understanding the context enhances the relevance of the findings to local healthcare and biodiversity conservation.
9) Lakshmi (Lakᚣmč):
'Lakshmi' refers to one of the authors of the study, Dr. Packia Lakshmi. Including authors' names emphasizes their individual contributions to the research, acknowledging their expertise in microbiology and the significance of their findings in the broader medical and scientific communities, particularly in India.
10) Species:
'Species' classifies Argyreia cymosa within the biological taxonomy hierarchy. This classification is essential for identifying the plant accurately, understanding its ecological and pharmacological significance, and facilitating further research on similar species in relation to their medicinal properties and potential therapeutic uses.
11) Cotton:
'Cotton' is used to create a plug at the bottom of the chromatography column, preventing the loss of the silica and other materials. This element is crucial in the purification process, ensuring that the extracted compounds are retained for effective analysis, thereby enhancing the reliability of the results obtained during the study.
12) Tamil (Tami�):
'Tamil' refers to the language predominantly spoken in Tamil Nadu, where the study took place. This term highlights the cultural context of the research, as traditional medical practices and folklore may be documented in the Tamil language, influencing the use of local flora for medicinal purposes.
13) Nadu (NÄá¸u):
'Nadu' is part of 'Tamil Nadu,' emphasizing the state's identity. Its inclusion reinforces the regional context of the research, as it indicates the cultural heritage and traditional medicinal values embedded within the locality, contributing to the understanding of the use of local plants for health and wellness.
14) Discussion:
'Discussion' refers to the section of the paper where the findings are interpreted in the context of existing literature. This part is critical for understanding the implications of the results, comparing them with previous studies, and suggesting future research directions in the field of medicinal plants and their applications in healthcare.
15) Medicine:
'Medicine' encompasses the field concerned with health, treatments, and therapeutic interventions. In this study, the extraction of antibacterial compounds from Argyreia cymosa underscores the potential of plant-based remedies in modern medicine, highlighting the significance of integrating traditional medicinal knowledge with scientific research for enhanced healthcare solutions.
16) Trichy:
'Trichy,' or Tiruchirappalli, is the city in Tamil Nadu where the plant was collected. Its mention emphasizes the studyâs locality, showcasing the biodiversity available in the region. This context strengthens the relevance of local flora to traditional healing and encourages exploration of nearby natural resources for medicinal use.
17) Family:
'Family' refers to the broader taxonomic category of Convolvulaceae to which Argyreia cymosa belongs. Recognizing the family helps in understanding shared characteristics among related plants, aiding research in pharmacology and botany to identify plants with potential antibacterial properties, informing future studies on similar species.
18) Genu (Geášu):
'Genus' is a rank in the biological classification system that groups species with shared characteristics. Argyreia is the genus for Argyreia cymosa, which signifies its relatedness to other plants within this group. This classification is essential for scientific communication and understanding ecological relationships among species.
19) Ghat (Gha�, Gham):
'Ghat' may refer to the geographical features related to the region, particularly in Tamil Nadu. It indicates that Argyreia cymosa could grow in specific ecological zones, affecting its availability and potential medicinal applications. Understanding these geographic contexts is crucial in any ethnopharmacological study for conservation practices.
20) Soil:
'Soil' represents the medium in which Argyreia cymosa was cultivated. The soil's characteristics can significantly influence the plant's growth and metabolite production. This context adds an important dimension to the study, as soil health is integral for sustainable cultivation of medicinal plants, impacting their efficacy and availability.
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: â�Antibacterial screening of Argyreia cymosa leaves against pathogens.â�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Medicinal plant, South India, Molecular composition, Therapeutic agent, Herbal preparation, Calcium carbonate, Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Plant material, Phytochemical analysis, Pharmaceutical industries, Disc diffusion method, Zone of inhibition, Traditional System of Medicine, Chi square test, Aqueous extract, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Traditional medicinal practitioners, Column chromatography, Leaf extract, Muller Hinton agar, Microbial strains, S.epidermidis, Carboxylic acid, Gram Negative Bacterial Strain, Pathogenic organism, Invitro antioxidant activity, Herbal Remedie.