Efficacy of Sivathai Chooranam: Anti-Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: Scientific Evaluation of Anti-Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of a Siddha Drug, Sivathai Chooranam
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
This page presents a generated summary with additional references; See source (below) for actual content.
Original source:
This page is merely a summary which is automatically generated hence you should visit the source to read the original article which includes the author, publication date, notes and references.
S. Yavanarani
Yavanarani Siddha Clinic, Pillaiyarpalayam, Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India
Deva Kirubai
Siddha physician, Nova Siddha Clinic, Oddanchatram, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
M. Sathiyabama
PG Scholar, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
S. Dhivya Bharathi
UG Scholar, Govt Siddha Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
D. Sivasankari
UG Scholar, Govt Siddha Medical College, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Scientific Evaluation of Anti-Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of a Siddha Drug, Sivathai Chooranam
Year: 2022 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v9iSuppl1.996
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Siddha medicine is an ancient system that offers continuous advancements for treating various metabolic and lifestyle-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of a Siddha drug, Sivathai Chooranam. The study involved the administration of this drug to animal models, comparing its effects to a standard medication, Indomethacin, known for its analgesic properties. Through a series of tests, including the acetic acid-induced writhing method for analgesia and hemolysis assays for anti-inflammatory evaluation, the effectiveness of Sivathai Chooranam was meticulously assessed.
Analgesic Efficacy
The analgesic activity of Sivathai Chooranam was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in Swiss albino rats. The experimental groups included a control group, a standard group treated with Indomethacin, and groups treated with varying doses of Sivathai Chooranam (0.108 mg/kg, 0.44 mg/kg, and 2.7 mg/kg). Results indicated that the control group exhibited the highest number of writhes (49.5±1.70), while the Indomethacin group showed a significant reduction (26.25±0.629). The highest dose of Sivathai Chooranam (2.7 mg/kg) also resulted in a substantial decrease in writhes, suggesting that it possesses comparable analgesic effectiveness to Indomethacin and may inhibit pain mechanisms through a similar pathway.
Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms
The anti-inflammatory properties of Sivathai Chooranam were assessed through the HRBC membrane stabilization assay and albumin denaturation test. In the HRBC test, the drug demonstrated a maximum percentage of hemolysis at a concentration of 250μg/ml (78.10±0.92%), affirming its potential to stabilize cell membranes and reduce inflammation. Additionally, the albumin denaturation assay showed that Sivathai Chooranam effectively inhibited protein denaturation, which is crucial in limiting the inflammatory response. The IC50 values for both the hemolysis and albumin denaturation tests were comparable to standard anti-inflammatory medications, indicating that the drug could serve as a natural alternative for managing inflammation.
Conclusion
The findings from this research indicate that Sivathai Chooranam possesses significant anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Its potential efficacy as a therapeutic agent in alleviating pain and inflammation highlights the value of Siddha medicine in contemporary healthcare. Despite promising results, further pharmacological and biochemical studies are warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action of Sivathai Chooranam, and to enhance its application as a viable alternative to conventional analgesics and anti-inflammatory treatments.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the study on Sivathai Chooranam?
The study aims to evaluate the anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Sivathai Chooranam, a Siddha medicine, on various animal models to assess its potential as a treatment for pain and inflammation.
What methods were used to test analgesic activity?
The analgesic activity was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test in Swiss albino rats, measuring the reduction in writhing episodes compared to control and standard drug groups.
How was the anti-inflammatory activity assessed?
Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro using HRBC membrane stabilization and albumin denaturation assays, measuring the extent of hemolysis and protein denaturation at varying concentrations of Sivathai Chooranam.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Efficacy of Sivathai Chooranam: Anti-Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Drug:
A drug refers to any substance used in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of diseases. In the study, 'Sivathai chooranam' is the Siddha drug investigated for its anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties were tested in experimental setups involving rats and various assays.
2) Siddha:
Siddha is a traditional system of medicine originating in South India, particularly Tamil Nadu. It uses natural ingredients for therapeutic purposes. In the text, 'Sivathai chooranam' is a Siddha drug whose efficacy in reducing pain and inflammation was scientifically evaluated.
3) Pain:
Pain is described as a distressing sensory and emotional experience caused by actual or potential tissue damage. The text examines the analgesic (pain-relieving) efficacy of 'Sivathai chooranam' by using acetic acid-induced writhing in rats to measure pain response.
4) Animal:
Animals in this context refers to the Swiss albino rats used in the experiments. They were subjected to various tests to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of 'Sivathai chooranam'. These animals were kept under standard conditions and provided with free access to water and a standard pellet diet.
5) Medicine:
Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. Siddha medicine, a part of AYUSH, uses plant-based drugs like 'Sivathai chooranam', which was evaluated for its medicinal properties such as anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
6) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli. It often involves pain and increased permeability of blood vessels. The text evaluates the anti-inflammatory properties of 'Sivathai chooranam' using assays like HRBC membrane stabilization and albumin denaturation.
7) Blood:
Blood in the study is involved in the HRBC membrane stabilization method, a part of the anti-inflammatory activity evaluation. Human red blood cells (HRBC) were used to assess how 'Sivathai chooranam' prevents hemolysis under hypotonic conditions, representing its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent.
8) Science (Scientific):
Scientific refers to the systematic and methodical nature of the study. 'Sivathai chooranam' was evaluated using recognized scientific methods such as animal models and in vitro assays to validate its efficacy as an anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug, hence contributing to scientific knowledge.
9) Chennai:
Chennai is mentioned as the location of significant activities related to the study. The PG Scholar from the National Institute of Siddha and the Govt Siddha Medical College, Arumbakkam are situated in Chennai. Moreover, raw materials for 'Sivathai chooranam' were authenticated in institutions located here.
10) Deva:
Deva refers to Deva Kirubai, a Siddha physician affiliated with the Nova Siddha Clinic in Oddanchatram, Tamil Nadu. Deva Kirubai is one of the authors who contributed to the study evaluating the anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy of 'Sivathai chooranam'.
11) Terminalia chebula:
Terminalia chebula is an ingredient used in the preparation of 'Sivathai chooranam'. It is known for its medicinal properties and is used in Siddha medicine. This plant contributed to the drug's efficacy in treating pain and inflammation as evaluated in the study.
12) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
<see source text or glossary: Tamilnadu>
13) Substance:
Substance refers to the various biochemical compounds that cause pain and inflammation. Prostaglandins, bradykinins, and substance P are mentioned as mediators of pain, which the evaluated Siddha drug 'Sivathai chooranam' aims to mitigate through its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.
14) India:
India is the country where the study was conducted. Siddha medicine, which includes 'Sivathai chooranam', is a traditional medical system widely practiced in India. The research institutions involved in the study are also based in India.
15) Tamil:
<see source text or glossary: Tamil>
16) Nadu:
<see source text or glossary: Nadu>
17) Cinnamomum zeylanicum:
Cinnamomum zeylanicum is one of the ingredients in 'Sivathai chooranam'. It is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, contributing to the efficacy of the drug as evaluated in the scientific study detailed in the text.
18) Zingiber officinale:
Zingiber officinale, commonly known as ginger, is another component of 'Sivathai chooranam'. Recognized for its medicinal properties, it contributes to the drug's anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, as demonstrated in the study.
19) Mesua ferrea:
Mesua ferrea, also known as Ceylon ironwood, is an ingredient in the 'Sivathai chooranam'. This plant has known medicinal properties and adds to the drug's potential in treating pain and inflammation, which was scientifically evaluated in the study.
20) Piper longum:
Piper longum, long pepper, is an ingredient used in 'Sivathai chooranam'. Known for its medicinal properties, particularly its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory effects, this ingredient contributes to the overall efficacy of the drug as evaluated in the study.
21) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the branch of medicine concerned with the uses, effects, and modes of action of drugs. The text discusses the pharmacological evaluation of 'Sivathai chooranam', focusing on its anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties through various scientific methods.
22) Tirunelveli:
Tirunelveli is mentioned as the location of the Govt Siddha Medical College. This institution contributed to the study by providing UG Scholars who were co-authors. The college also played a role in authenticating the raw materials used in 'Sivathai chooranam'.
23) Kancipura (Kancipuram, Kanchipuram, Kamcipura, Kanci-pura, Kamci-pura):
Kanchipuram is referred to as the location of Yavanarani Siddha Clinic. S. Yavanarani, one of the authors of the study, is associated with this clinic. Kanchipuram contributes to the context within which Siddha medicine, such as 'Sivathai chooranam', is practiced.
24) Discussion:
Discussion in the text refers to the part of the academic paper where the results are interpreted. It explains the significance of the findings related to the anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of 'Sivathai chooranam', comparing it with existing treatments and contextualizing its effectiveness.
25) Depression:
Depression is mentioned as a potential side effect of conventional drugs like steroids used for pain and inflammation. Unlike these drugs, 'Sivathai chooranam' is suggested as a safer alternative with fewer side effects, making this traditional medicine valuable in treatment protocols.
26) Bharathi:
<see source text or glossary: Bharathi>
27) Disease:
Disease refers to medical conditions that Siddha medicine aims to treat. The study evaluates 'Sivathai chooranam' for its effectiveness in treating conditions associated with pain and inflammation, which are symptoms of various diseases.
28) Repair:
Repair in the context of inflammation involves the body's process of healing after injury. The study highlights 'Sivathai chooranam' for its potential to aid in this repair by reducing inflammation and associated pain, thus facilitating faster recovery.
29) Nature:
Nature here refers to the natural origins of the ingredients used in Siddha medicine, like 'Sivathai chooranam'. This traditional remedy includes plant-based components recognized for their therapeutic effects, highlighting the connection between traditional practices and natural medicine.
30) Insect:
Insect relevance connects to the storage instructions for 'Sivathai chooranam', where the drug needs to be kept in conditions that prevent insect infestation to maintain its efficacy and safety. Proper storage ensures the drug retains its therapeutic properties.
31) Powder:
Powder is the form in which 'Sivathai chooranam' is prepared. The ingredients are powdered separately and sieved through a cotton cloth before being used in the drug. This powdered form facilitates easier administration and consistent dosing in various therapeutic applications.
32) Cotton:
Cotton cloth is used to sieve the powdered ingredients of 'Sivathai chooranam'. This process ensures a fine consistency of the herbal powder, which is essential for its efficacy and uniformity when used for therapeutic purposes in Siddha medicine.
33) Indian:
Indian pertains to the origin and context of Siddha medicine, a traditional Indian medical system. 'Sivathai chooranam', studied in the text, is a part of this heritage, emphasizing the significance of Indian traditional medicinal practices in contemporary health solutions.
34) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH stands for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy. It represents India’s traditional systems of medicine. 'Sivathai chooranam', the drug under investigation for its anti-analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, is part of the Siddha system within AYUSH.
35) Glass:
Glass is mentioned concerning the storage of 'Sivathai chooranam'. The drug is stored in clean, airtight glass containers to prevent moisture and contamination, ensuring its longevity and effectiveness for therapeutic use.
36) Ulcer:
Ulcer is one of the potential side effects associated with long-term use of conventional NSAIDs mentioned in the text. The study underscores the importance of finding alternatives like 'Sivathai chooranam' that may offer pain relief without such adverse effects.
37) House:
House likely refers to the controlled environment where the test animals were kept. The Animal house of KMCH College of Pharmacy maintained standard conditions for the Swiss albino rats used in the experiments to evaluate the pharmacological properties of 'Sivathai chooranam'.
38) Diet:
Diet in the text pertains to the standard pellet diet provided to the test animals. Maintaining a consistent diet is crucial for minimizing variables that could affect the results of the pharmacological evaluation of 'Sivathai chooranam'.
39) Hind:
<see source text or glossary: Hind>
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Efficacy of Sivathai Chooranam: Anti-Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Siddha medicine, Acetic acid-induced writhing, Albumin denaturation, Protein denaturation, NSAID, HRBC membrane stabilization, Sivathai Chooranam, Dosage level, Anti-inflammatory efficacy, Cytokine.