Siddha therapies for subacromial impingement: a case report.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: The combination of siddha external therapies in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome � subacromial bursitis: a case report
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Archana.K*
PG Scholar, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Deepa.R
PG Scholar, Department of Pura Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Ezhil Selvan.P.T
RMO, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Mahalakshmi.V
Lecturer, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Mahadevan.M.V
Lecturer, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Muthukumar.N.J
Associate Professor & HOD, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: The combination of siddha external therapies in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome � subacromial bursitis: a case report
Year: 2019
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The Siddha system of medicine, an ancient health care system, has a distinct approach towards diagnosis and treatment based on the balance of the three humours: Vatham (air), Pitham (fire), and Kapam (water). Among the conditions treated within this system, Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) is recognized as a prevalent shoulder issue, comprised of various shoulder pathologies including subacromial bursitis. The study described herein highlights the use of traditional Siddha external therapies to treat a case of SAIS, specifically the external application of Varmam therapy alongside other Siddha treatments.
The Concept of Kumbavatham
The traditional term "Kumbavatham" refers to the imbalanced Vatha humour, which is associated with conditions like subacromial bursitis and shoulder pain. In the context of this case, the patient presented with typical symptoms of SAIS, such as pain in the left shoulder, difficulty in lifting the arm, and nocturnal pain. The Siddha practitioners linked her condition to Kumbavatham, affirming that the symptoms mirrored those described in Siddha literature for Vatha diseases. This correlation underlined the relevance of utilizing Siddha therapies aimed at restoring balance within the Vatha humour, thereby addressing the patient's ailment holistically.
Efficacy of Siddha External Therapies
Central to the treatment plan was the application of Varmamthadaval, which involves stimulation of specific energy points (Varmam) using manual manipulation. This approach was complemented by a series of massages and fomentation techniques that incorporated medicinal oils and natural herbs. The patient underwent this treatment for 10 days, during which significant improvements were noted in her condition. Post-treatment assessments revealed a marked reduction in pain and an enhancement in the range of motion of the shoulder, underscoring the efficacy of the combination of traditional external therapies in managing SAIS.
Conclusion
The results of this case study illustrate the potential of Siddha external therapies, particularly Varmamthadaval and associated treatments, in alleviating the symptoms of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome. The patient's significant recovery highlights the importance of integrating traditional therapeutic practices within modern medical paradigms, particularly in addressing musculoskeletal disorders. The study advocates for further research into the application of Siddha medicine, as it provides an alternative avenue for managing chronic conditions such as shoulder impingement, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) and its causes?
Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) is a common shoulder disorder. It includes pathologies like rotator cuff tears and subacromial bursitis. Main causes involve inflammation of the bursa and gradual onset pain, often leading to functional loss or disability.
What Siddha therapies were used to treat the patient?
The patient underwent Siddha external therapies, including Varmamthadaval, Thokkanam, and Ottradam. These therapies utilized medicated oils and special techniques to relieve pain, improve mobility, and target specific energy points in the body.
What were the outcomes of the Siddha treatment for SAIS?
Post-treatment, the patient experienced significant pain reduction in her left shoulder. She regained the ability to wear her clothes and raise her left limb fully, with improved range of motion and positive results from various diagnostic tests.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Siddha therapies for subacromial impingement: a case report.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Siddha:
The 'Siddha' system of medicine is a traditional form of medical practice originating from Tamil Nadu, India, characterized by its unique approach to diagnosing and treating diseases based on the balance of three 'Doshams': Vatham (air), Pitham (fire), and Kapam (water). This medical system highly values external therapies such as 'Varmam' and 'Thokkanam'.
2) Pain:
In the context of the Siddha case report, 'pain' specifically refers to the discomfort and functional impairment caused by Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS). The treatment involved traditional Siddha external therapies like Varmam to alleviate pain and improve movement in the affected shoulder.
3) Vattam:
In Siddha medicine, 'Vatham' is one of the three fundamental humors (Doshams) believed to govern bodily functions. It's associated with air and responsible for movement, breathing, and circulation. Disease manifestations involving pain, such as subacromial impingement syndrome, are often attributed to imbalances in Vatham.
4) Medicine:
'Medicine' in this context refers to the traditional remedies and treatments outlined in the Siddha system. This includes both internal medicines like tablets made from natural substances and external therapies, such as Varmam, Thokkanam, and Ottradam, to treat musculoskeletal disorders.
5) Disease:
In the Siddha system, 'disease' is often correlated with imbalances in the three humors (Vatham, Pitham, Kapam). Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS), for instance, is correlated with 'Kumbavatham' as described in the article, causing pain and restricted movement in the shoulder.
6) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamil Nadu is the Indian state where the Siddha System of Medicine has its roots. Institutions like the National Institute of Siddha in Chennai continue to practice and teach these traditional medical techniques as highlighted in the case report on SAIS.
7) Chennai:
Chennai, the capital of Tamil Nadu, houses the National Institute of Siddha, where the study and practice of this traditional system of medicine continue to thrive. It's the setting for the reported case study involving Siddha treatments for subacromial impingement syndrome.
8) India:
India is the country where Siddha medicine originated and is widely practiced, specifically in Tamil Nadu. The National Institute of Siddha in Chennai, highlighted in the article, represents a key institution preserving and advancing this ancient medical tradition.
9) Tamil:
Tamil refers to the language and culture of the people in Tamil Nadu, India, where the Siddha system of medicine is practiced. Many traditional texts and treatments methods, such as 'Varmam' and 'Thokkanam', are rooted in Tamil traditions.
10) Nadu:
[see source text or glossary: Nadu]
11) Food:
'Food' plays a crucial role in Siddha medicine, and dietary modifications are recommended to balance the 'Doshams'. The text lists specific foods beneficial ('Pathiyam') and detrimental ('Apathiyam') for patients with 'Vatham' disorders like SAIS.
12) Inflammation:
'Inflammation' is a key symptom in Subacromial Bursitis, one of the conditions under the spectrum of SAIS. Siddha treatments, including anti-inflammatory medicinal formulations and fomentation techniques, are used to reduce inflammation and associated pain.
13) Rice (Rce):
Rice, specifically varieties like 'Seera samba rice', is listed among the foods that help balance the 'Vatham' humors in the Siddha dietary recommendations. Proper diet is part of the comprehensive treatment for disorders like SAIS.
14) Fire:
In the Siddha system, 'fire' corresponds to the 'Pitham' dosham, one of the three humors that regulate various bodily functions including digestion and metabolism. An imbalance in Pitham can contribute to inflammatory conditions.
15) Phyllanthus emblica:
'Phyllanthus emblica', known as 'Nellikani' in Tamil, is among the medicinal foods recommended in Siddha treatments to balance 'Vatham' humors and aid in healing processes.
16) Human body:
The Siddha system of medicine views the 'human body' as composed of five elements (earth, water, fire, air, space) and governed by three humors (Vatham, Pitham, and Kapam). Treatments aim to bring these elements and humors into balance.
17) Horse gram:
'Horse gram', or 'Kollu' in Tamil, is one of the food items listed as beneficial for balancing the 'Vatham' humor in the dietary recommendations of Siddha medicine, particularly for musculoskeletal issues like SAIS.
18) Ricinus communis:
'Ricinus communis', known as 'Amanakku' in Tamil, is used in Siddha treatments for its medicinal properties. It is one of the plant ingredients included in fomentation therapy for conditions like subacromial impingement syndrome.
19) Green gram:
[see source text or glossary: Green gram]
20) Stiffness:
'Stiffness' is a common symptom of Subacromial Impingement Syndrome (SAIS) and is addressed in Siddha treatment through techniques like 'Varmam' and 'Thokkanam' to improve mobility and reduce discomfort.
21) Swelling:
'Swelling' often accompanies conditions like subacromial bursitis, which falls under SAIS. Siddha treatments, including herbal applications and external therapies like Ottradam, are employed to reduce swelling and inflammation.
22) Tuvarai:
'Thuvarai', or split pigeon pea, is listed as a recommended food in Siddha dietary guidelines for balancing 'Vatham' humor, aiding in the overall treatment of conditions like SAIS.
23) Siddhar:
'Siddhar' refers to the ancient sages and practitioners of Siddha medicine who developed various treatment methods and wrote classical texts. They are revered for their extensive knowledge in balancing the three humors and treating diseases.
24) Kathari:
'Kathari', known as brinjal or eggplant, is identified in the Siddha text as a food item that can disturb the 'Vatham' humor and should be avoided by patients suffering from related ailments like SAIS.
25) Brinjal:
[see source text or glossary: Brinjal]
26) Bengal (Bemgal):
[see source text or glossary: Bengal]
27) Kottai:
[see source text or glossary: Kottai]
28) Family:
'Family history' in the case presentation indicates that there was no significant family-related health issues or genetic predispositions contributing to the patient's condition, thereby ruling out hereditary factors in the SAIS diagnosis.
29) Pigeon:
[see source text or glossary: Pigeon]
30) Celvan:
[see source text or glossary: Selvan]
31) Pittam (Pittham):
'Pitham' is one of the three humors in Siddha medicine, associated with the element of fire. It governs processes related to digestion, heat, and energy. Balancing Pitham is crucial in treating inflammatory conditions and pain.
32) Ayus (Ayush):
'Ayush' stands for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy, encompassing traditional systems of medicine recognized and promoted by the Ministry of AYUSH in India, under which Siddha therapy for conditions like SAIS is practiced.
33) Kollu:
[see source text or glossary: Kollu]
34) Horse:
[see source text or glossary: Horse]
35) Earth:
In Siddha medicine, 'earth' is one of the five elements believed to constitute the human body and universe. Siddha practitioners consider these elements in diagnosing and treating diseases to maintain a harmonious balance.
36) Blood:
'Blood' circulation is crucial in Siddha therapies like 'Thokkanam' (massage) to enhance overall health, alleviate pain, and facilitate the removal of waste products from the body, thereby improving conditions like SAIS.
37) Campa:
[see source text or glossary: Samba]
38) Taru:
'Tharu' is a text by Siddhar Therayar referenced in Siddha medicine, detailing the external therapy 'Thokkanam' among other treatments, significant for managing Vatham-related ailments like SAIS through manual manipulation and massage.
39) Pura:
[see source text or glossary: Pura]
40) Nadi (Nadin):
'Nadi' refers to the pulse, a critical component in Siddha diagnosis. Practitioners assess the balance of 'Vatham, Pitham, and Kapam' through pulse examination to tailor individualized treatments such as for SAIS.
41) Ragi:
[see source text or glossary: Ragi]
42) Vasi (Vasin, Vashin, Vashi):
'Vasi' refers to the vital life force or energy in Siddha medicine. The 'varmam' points are manipulated to stimulate 'vasi', addressing blockages and promoting healing in conditions like subacromial impingement syndrome.
43) King:
'Kings' historically utilized Siddha treatments like 'Thokkanam' for relief from body pain and neuromuscular issues, highlighting the therapy's antiquity and efficacy, as demonstrated in the case of subacromial impingement syndrome.
44) Hair:
[see source text or glossary: Hair]
45) Fish:
[see source text or glossary: Fish]
46) Sour:
'Sour' tasting foods are part of the recommended 'Pathiyam' diet in Siddha medicine to balance 'Vatham' humor, aiding in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions like SAIS by reducing pain and inflammation.
47) Salt (Salty):
In Siddha dietary guidelines, 'salt' is recommended as it helps balance the 'Vatham' humor. It is believed to alleviate the symptoms of disorders like subacromial impingement syndrome when included in moderation.
48) Drug:
'Drug' in the Siddha context refers to herbal medicines like 'Amukkarachooranam' and 'Silasathuparpam' used for their anti-inflammatory properties. These medications complement external therapies to treat conditions like SAIS effectively.
Other Science Concepts:
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