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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淧hytochemical study and anti-cancer effects of Vinca difformis.鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Cancer:
Cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Despite advances in medicine, it continues to necessitate the development of new and improved anticancer drugs to treat malignancies and control the growth of cancerous cells.

2) Drug:
Anti-cancer drugs are agents used to control the growth of cancerous cells by targeting DNA either directly or indirectly through various mechanisms. They aim to eradicate cancer cells without harming normal cells. Cyclophosphamide is one such drug.

3) Toxicity:
Cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity was studied in the context of its oxidative stress effects on mice brain. The aerial parts of Vinca difformis extract showed significant protection against this toxicity, suggesting its potential to safeguard brain cells.

4) Phytochemical:
Phytochemical investigations of Vinca difformis revealed the presence of useful compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, steroids, glycosides, and flavonoids. The total alkaloid content was found to be 8%, and 0.348 mg/mg of gallic acid equivalent phenolic compounds were identified.

5) Animal:
Experimental animals like male Swiss albino mice were used for the study to test for acute oral toxicity and anti-cancer activity induced by cyclophosphamide. The ethical conduct of these experiments was overseen by an Institutional Animal Ethics Committee.

6) Medicine:
Despite advancements in modern medicine, herbal drugs derived from plants continue to play a significant role in health care and the treatment of various diseases, including cancer.

7) Diet:
In the in vivo studies, mice were divided into groups and fed basal diets. One group received this diet alone while another received the diet along with Vinca difformis extract to study its protective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity.

8) Pharmacological:
The pharmacological screening focused on the anti-cancer activity of Vinca difformis extract against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in the brain. Various assays were conducted to gauge its efficacy.

9) Pushpagiri (Pushpa-giri, Puspagiri):
George Mathew is affiliated with Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy in Tiruvalla, Kerala, where some of the research on Vinca difformis was conducted.

10) Disease:
Cancer is described as a major cause of disease and mortality worldwide, prompting the continuous search for new and better treatment options.

11) Mineral:
Mice were fed a basal diet which included vitamin and mineral supplements as a part of the control and treatment groups in the in vivo study.

12) Kerala:
Kerala is the location of Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy in Tiruvalla, where research on Vinca difformis was conducted under George Mathew's guidance.

13) Jaipur:
Singh Balawant is a research scholar from the Department of Pharmacology at Jaipur University, one of the institutions involved in this study.

14) Genu:
[see source text or glossary: Genu]

15) Fish:
Fish meal was a component of the basal diet fed to the mice during the in vivo pharmacological study to evaluate Vinca difformis extract.

16) Pharmacology:
The Department of Pharmacology at Jaipur University also contributed to the study, highlighting its interdisciplinary nature in evaluating Vinca difformis for its therapeutic properties.

17) Chemotherapy:
Cyclophosphamide serves as a chemotherapy agent used in the study to induce oxidative stress in mice brain, against which the efficacy of Vinca difformis extract was tested.

18) Discussion:
The study discusses the protective effects of Vinca difformis extract on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity, emphasizing its antioxidant activity and potential anti-cancer applications.

19) Inference:
The inference drawn from the study is that Vinca difformis extract contains compounds which could provide significant protection against oxidative stress and may possess anti-cancer properties.

20) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids were identified in the phytochemical analysis of Vinca difformis. These compounds are known for their antioxidant properties and potential role in fighting cancer.

21) Gelatin:
Gelatin solution was used in the phytochemical screening to test for the presence of tannins and phenolic compounds in the Vinca difformis extract.

22) Nature:
The study of Vinca difformis reveals its non-toxic nature up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg in acute oral toxicity tests. No major behavioral changes or mortality were observed in the tested animals.

23) Powder:
The aerial parts of Vinca difformis were powdered using a grinder mill and then extracted with an ethanol:acetone mixture for further study.

24) India:
India is home to several researchers and institutions such as Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy and Jaipur University, who contributed to this study on Vinca difformis.

25) Ayus (Ayush):
The journal AYUSHDHARA focuses on research in AYUSH and allied systems. The study on Vinca difformis was published in the November-December 2015 issue.

26) Glass:
Tissue homogenates were prepared using Teflon glass for lipid peroxidation assays to measure the impact of cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress and the protective effects of Vinca difformis extract.

27) Death:
Despite cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity, the Vinca difformis extract demonstrated protective effects which could potentially reduce mortality due to oxidative stress-related conditions.

28) Sabu:
S.Naina, an Assistant Professor at Pushpagiri College of Pharmacy, was one of the contributors to the research on Vinca difformis.

29) Food:
The study mentions antitumoral drugs derived from plants that are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Vinca rosea is one such source for vincristine, a chemotherapy agent.