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Innovative ṣārūٰ management for horse-shoe fistula-in-ano.

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Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: Innovative approach in the management of horse-shoe fistula-in-ano with ṣārūٰ
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:

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Author:

Amruta A. Wali, Tajahmed N. Dongargaon, M. P. Shilpa, Hemant D. Toshikhane


Ancient Science of Life:

(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)

Full text available for: Innovative approach in the management of horse-shoe fistula-in-ano with ṣārūٰ

Year: 2015

Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA


Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Fistula-in-ano is a significant surgical condition characterized by an abnormal communication between the anorectal lumen and the skin around the perineum, often resulting from an unresolved anorectal abscess. Among various types, horse-shoe fistulas present a challenging scenario, where the internal opening is located at the posterior midline and extends laterally to the ischiorectal spaces, necessitating innovative management strategies. Traditional approaches such as fistulotomy and fistulectomy can be inadequate, prompting the exploration of alternative methods, particularly incorporating Ayurvedic practices. The innovative approach presented in this study utilizes ṣārūٰ therapy alongside incision and drainage techniques for effectively managing horse-shoe fistulas.

Innovative Surgical Technique

The application of ṣārūٰ, a medicinal thread rich in alkaline substances from plant sources, plays a crucial role in the treatment of horse-shoe fistula. In the case study highlighted, a 45-year-old female patient with a diabetic history underwent a novel surgical procedure that involved making an additional opening at the 6 o’clock position to facilitate drainage of abscesses and connect the fistula tract. By ligating the ṣārūٰ through this additional opening to the internal opening, effective continuous drainage was achieved while simultaneously allowing for the healing of the fistulous tract. Regular changes of the ṣārūٰ led to complete healing within three months, demonstrating that this method not only is less invasive but also minimizes postoperative complications, such as recurrences and fecal incontinence.

Conclusion

The management of horse-shoe fistula using an innovative approach integrates surgical intervention with ṣārūٰ therapy, yielding promising results. This method effectively addresses the complexities inherent in fistula surgery by allowing simultaneous drainage and healing, thereby minimizing pain and promoting rapid recovery. The absence of fecal incontinence and reduced infection risks underline the efficacy of this treatment, positioning it as a viable alternative for managing challenging cases of fistula-in-ano. Future studies with larger patient populations are essential to further validate these findings and establish standardized protocols for this innovative treatment strategy.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What is a horse-shoe fistula-in-ano?

A horse-shoe fistula-in-ano is a type of fistula characterized by having an internal opening in the posterior midline, extending anteriorly and laterally into one or both ischiorectal spaces, often resulting from a previous anorectal abscess.

How is a horse-shoe fistula typically treated?

Treatment often involves a combination of incision and drainage of abscesses, and the use of ṣārūٰ, a medicated thread that promotes drainage and healing by simultaneously cutting and healing the fistulous track.

What are the innovative techniques used in the case study?

The case study utilized a modified surgical approach, incorporating incision and drainage with ṣārūٰ ligation at a 6 o'clock position, enhancing effectiveness and promoting better healing of the fistula.

What were the outcomes of the treatment in the case study?

The treatment resulted in complete healing of the fistula within three months, with no recorded recurrences during a six-month follow-up period, indicating the technique's effectiveness.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Innovative ṣārūٰ management for horse-shoe fistula-in-ano.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Ksharasutra (Ksarasutra, Kshara-sutra):
ṣārūٰ refers to a medicated thread used in Ayurvedic surgery to treat fistula-in-ano. It is prepared by coating a surgical linen thread with alkaline herbal substances. The ṣārūٰ aids in cutting and healing the fistulous tract, minimizing recurrence while promoting drainage and effective management of the condition.

2) Horse:
In the context of the term 'horse-shoe fistula,' it describes the shape of the fistula, indicating its path and complexity. The horse-shoe configuration signifies the interconnection of the fistula tracks surrounding the anal region, whereby effective surgical intervention is crucial for preventing complications such as incontinence and infections.

3) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda, a traditional Indian system of medicine, integrates holistic approaches for health and well-being. It emphasizes a balance between body, mind, and spirit, using natural herbs and surgical techniques like ṣārūٰ for treating various ailments, including fistula-in-ano, promoting healing and reducing complications.

4) Pancavalkala (Panca-valkala, Pancan-valkala, Pamcavalkala):
ʲñ첹 is a formulation composed of five medicinal plants used in Ayurvedic treatments. This herbal decoction possesses healing, anti-inflammatory, and cooling properties, making it beneficial in managing conditions like anal fissures or fistulas, providing relief from pain and burning sensations associated with these conditions.

5) Apamarga:
, or Achyranthus aspera, is a medicinal plant used in Ayurveda for its wound healing properties. In the context of ṣārūٰ, it contributes to the medication's efficacy. The herb also has anti-inflammatory properties, promoting tissue regeneration and reducing swelling associated with abscesses and fistula.

6) Bhagandara (Bhagamdara):
Bhagandara is the Ayurvedic term for fistula-in-ano. It encompasses various types of anal fistulas, including horse-shoe fistulas. Understanding Bhagandara allows practitioners to apply traditional knowledge in treating patients effectively, using methods such as ṣārūٰ that is best-suited for specific manifestations of this condition.

7) Incision:
Incision refers to the surgical cut made during procedures to access the fistula and drain associated abscesses. Making incisions strategically can reduce the risk of complications, allowing for better visual access, drainage, and subsequent application of therapies like ṣārūٰ to promote healing.

8) Science (Scientific):
Science, in this context, relates to the evidence-based understanding and application of medical practices. In integrative health approaches like Ayurveda, combining scientific advancements with traditional wisdom can lead to improved treatments for conditions such as fistula-in-ano, balancing ancient methodologies with contemporary research.

9) Shalyatantra (Salyatantra, Shalya-tantra, Shalyatamtra):
Shalyatantra is an important branch of Ayurveda focused on surgery. It encompasses surgical techniques and procedures, emphasizing the management of conditions like fistula-in-ano. The practices under Shalyatantra illustrate Ayurveda's comprehensive nature, integrating surgical skill with herbal medicine for effective treatment outcomes.

10) Jatyadi:
ٲ徱 refers to a specific Ayurvedic medicated oil or preparation used for wound healing. It plays a critical role in managing inflammation and promoting recovery in patients with fistula-in-ano. By using ٲ徱, traditional practitioners aim to reduce discomfort and accelerate healing processes.

11) Blood:
Blood is a vital fluid in the body, carrying nutrients and oxygen. In cases of fistula-in-ano, blood parameters are assessed pre-operatively to ensure patients are fit for surgery and to identify any potential complications linked to their overall health status, especially in patients with comorbidities.

12) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is a Sanskrit honorific meaning 'holy' or 'auspicious.' It is used to respect esteemed figures in healthcare, including Ayurvedic practitioners. The use of 'Shri' symbolizes reverence within the Ayurvedic community, fostering a sense of tradition and spiritual connection in medical practice.

13) Swelling:
Swelling, or edema, is a critical symptom associated with conditions like fistula-in-ano. It signals inflammation and the presence of abscesses. Recognizing and managing swelling is essential in evaluating the severity of the fistula, guiding treatment decisions toward incision, drainage, and application of ṣārūٰ.

14) Haridra:
, or turmeric (Curcuma longa), is renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties in Ayurveda. Used in formulations such as ṣārūٰ, it aids in healing and reducing inflammation in various conditions, including anal fistulas, thereby promoting faster recovery and discomfort relief.

15) Kashaya (Kasaya):
ṣҲ refers to the astringent property of certain herbal preparations in Ayurveda. It is essential in formulations that aim to reduce inflammation and promote healing, particularly in fistula treatments. By enhancing tissue contraction, kaṣāya properties support improved recovery from conditions involving tissue loss.

16) Kshira (Ksira):
ṣīr translates to 'milk' and is often associated with medicinal preparations in Ayurveda. It signifies nourishment, promoting tissue repair and supporting overall health. When used in herbal combinations, ṣīr enhances the therapeutic properties of treatments involving ṣārūٰ, aiding in recovery.

17) Taila:
Taila refers to oil in Ayurveda and is pivotal in various treatments and therapies. Taila preparations, like ٲ徱 taila, provide lubrication and nourishment to tissues, reduce inflammation, and assist in healing. It is essential in post-operative care for conditions like fistula-in-ano.

18) Snuhi:
Snuhi, or Euphorbia Nerrifolia, is a vital plant used in Ayurvedic medicine. Its latex is integral in preparing ṣārūٰ, providing alkaline properties that aid in cutting and healing fistulas. Snuhi's therapeutic benefits contribute to the efficacy of surgical and medicinal interventions.

19) Drug:
In this context, drug refers to the active herbal ingredients or compounds used to treat conditions like fistula-in-ano. Ayurvedic practitioners utilize various drugs, including ṣārūٰ and medicinal plants, integrating their healing properties to optimize treatment outcomes and patient well-being.

20) Inflammation:
Inflammation is a vital biological response to injury or infection, often present in conditions like fistula-in-ano. Managing inflammation through medications like ṣārūٰ is crucial, as it helps alleviate swelling, pain, and promotes healing while reducing the risk of complications post-surgery.

21) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa translates to 'taste' or 'flavor' in Ayurveda and refers to the inherent qualities of herbal medicines. The rasa of a drug influences its therapeutic effects, dictating how it interacts with bodily doshas and promoting healing processes essential in managing conditions like fistula-in-ano.

22) Guna:
ҳṇa means 'attributes' or 'qualities,' describing a substance's characteristics in Ayurveda. Understanding guṇas of medicinal herbs helps practitioners tailor treatments like ṣārūٰ specifically for patients, enhancing their efficacy in addressing conditions such as fistula-in-ano through customized therapies.

23) Burning sensation:
Burning sensation is a common symptom associated with anal conditions, indicating inflammation or irritation. In the management of fistula-in-ano, addressing burning sensations is crucial. Techniques such as ṣārūٰ and herbal decoctions like ʲñ첹 aim to alleviate this discomfort and improve patient quality of life.

24) Curcuma longa:
Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, is a key herb in Ayurveda recognized for its anti-inflammatory and healing properties. It is used effectively in treatments for anal conditions, boosting recovery while reducing pain and inflammation. Its incorporation in ṣārūٰ exemplifies its role in patient care.

25) Sushruta-samhita (Susruta-samhita):
śܳٲ-ṃh is an ancient Ayurvedic text foundational to surgical techniques. It details various surgical procedures, including those for managing fistula-in-ano. The text serves as a reference guide for modern practitioners, bridging traditional knowledge with contemporary medicine, particularly regarding effective treatments.

26) Vranashodhana (Vranasodhana, Vrana-shodhana):
հṇa-śǻ󲹲Բ refers to the process of cleansing or purifying wounds in Ayurveda. It is key in the management of conditions like fistula-in-ano, where cleansing the fistulous tract is vital for reducing infection risks and promoting optimal healing during postoperative recovery.

27) Discussion:
Discussion encompasses analyzing and reflecting on treatment outcomes, methodologies, and case studies in clinical practice. In the context of fistula management, discussions among practitioners help improve treatment protocols, address challenges, and enhance collective knowledge which leads to better patient care.

28) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Antibiotics are critical in managing infections, especially in post-operative scenarios like fistula surgeries. Ensuring there are no infections during the healing process is vital for recovery. This highlights the importance of using antibiotics judiciously alongside Ayurvedic practices to ensure effective treatment.

29) Nyagrodha:
Nyagrodha, or Ficus bengalensis, is an Ayurvedic herb with multiple therapeutic properties. It is included in certain formulations for its wound healing benefits. As a part of the ʲñ첹 formulation, it promotes recovery and enhances the overall efficacy of treatment in conditions like fistula-in-ano.

30) Pittahara (Pitta-hara):
Pittahara refers to the property of certain substances to pacify ‘Pitta� dosha in Ayurveda, which governs metabolism and energy. Herbs with pittahara qualities are essential in treatments concerning inflammatory conditions, providing relief from symptoms related to swelling and heat, especially in anal disorders.

31) Shothahara (Sothahara, Shotha-hara):
Śdzٳ󲹳󲹰 signifies the quality of reducing swelling or inflammation in Ayurvedic treatments. This property is vital in managing conditions like fistula-in-ano, as it addresses chronic inflammation, improving outcomes and accelerating healing while reducing associated discomfort due to swelling.

32) Substance:
Substance in Ayurvedic practice refers to the various herbs or materials used for therapeutic purposes. Understanding the properties and applications of different substances allows practitioners to develop effective treatment protocols, ensuring that conditions like fistula-in-ano are managed holistically and effectively through natural means.

33) Ashvattha (Asvattha):
śٳٳ, or Ficus religiosa, is a sacred tree in Ayurveda known for its medicinal properties. It possesses anti-inflammatory effects and contributes to healing formulations. Its inclusion in Ayurvedic treatments reflects the significance of plant-based remedies in promoting overall health and managing conditions like fistula.

34) Mauktika:
Mauktika refers to substances derived from pearls, often used in Ayurveda for their detoxifying and healing properties. It is included in formulations to enhance treatment effectiveness, particularly in managing inflammation and promoting tissue repair in patients with conditions like fistula-in-ano.

35) Gandhaka (Gamdhaka):
Gandhaka, or sulfur, is an important element in Ayurvedic formulations. Its properties include promoting healing and reducing inflammation. Gandhaka rasāyana, specifically mentioned in the treatment of fistula-in-ano, is used to facilitate recovery and enhance overall patient well-being post-surgery.

36) Triphala (Tri-phala):
հ󲹱 is a well-known herbal formulation in Ayurveda composed of three fruits. It promotes digestive health and possesses detoxifying properties, essential for patients undergoing treatment for fistula-in-ano. The use of հ󲹱 contributes to a holistic approach, facilitating better outcomes and promoting general well-being.

37) Rasayana (Rasa-ayana):
鲹ⲹԲ refers to rejuvenating therapies in Ayurveda aimed at promoting health and longevity. In managing conditions like fistula-in-ano, rasāyana treatments focus on recovering and restoring the body’s balance, ensuring that patients heal effectively and regain optimal health after surgical interventions.

38) Udumbara:
Udumbara, or Ficus glomerata, is another significant plant in Ayurvedic medicine known for its restorative properties. It supports healing and is often included in blends for treating various ailments. This herb complements treatments for fistula-in-ano, aiding in reducing inflammation and promoting recovery.

39) Samhita:
ṃh refers to a collection or compilation of Ayurvedic texts that codify the principles and treatments of Ayurveda. It forms the basis of Ayurvedic practice, providing insights on surgical procedures, herbal remedies, and holistic health, thereby serving as a guiding reference for practitioners.

40) Lekhana:
Lekhana translates to 'scraping' and signifies the therapeutic action of certain herbs or treatments that help remove excess fat or toxins from the body. In managing conditions like fistula-in-ano, lekhanā agents are crucial for cleansing and promoting healthy tissue regeneration following surgical interventions.

41) Guggula:
Guggula, derived from Commiphora mukul, is an essential Ayurvedic herb used for its anti-inflammatory properties. It is often utilized in formulations to treat conditions related to increased Kapha dosha. In fistula treatments, guggula can help alleviate inflammation, facilitating healing and preventing recurrence.

42) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Śǻ󲹲Բ means purification or detoxification in Ayurveda. This process is essential for preparing the body and reducing complications during treatment. Implementing śodhana before surgical procedures, particularly in fistula management, ensures the patient is in a balanced state, optimizing the overall effectiveness of the therapeutic protocols.

43) Prakriti (Prakrti):
ʰṛt refers to an individual's constitution or inherent nature according to Ayurveda. Understanding a patient's prakṛti helps practitioners tailor treatments specifically for them. In managing fistula-in-ano, recognizing the unique prakṛti is crucial for designing effective, personalized treatment strategies and ensuring better health outcomes.

44) Plaksha (Plaksa):
ʱṣa, or Ficus infectoria, is an important herb in Ayurveda recognized for its therapeutic benefits. It is included in certain formulations for its wound healing properties, aiding in managing inflammatory conditions. Its application in treatments for fistula-in-ano contributes to optimizing patient recovery.

45) Ropana:
DZ貹ṇa signifies healing or restoration in Ayurveda. It is essential in the treatment of wounds and injuries, ensuring that the body's natural healing abilities are supported. In fistula management, therapies optimizing ropaṇa are pivotal to achieving complete recovery and preventing complications post-surgery.

46) Parisa (Parisha):
ś refers to a specific plant or ingredient in Ayurvedic formulations associated with therapeutic properties. Its mechanisms are leveraged in various medicinal contexts, although its specific role in treatments for fistula-in-ano showcases the depth of Ayurvedic pharmacology in managing complex conditions.

47) Bitter:
Bitter taste represents one of the basic tastes in Ayurveda, often linked to detoxification and digestive health. Many herbs with a bitter profile are used therapeutically to manage inflammation and promote healing. Their significance in fistula treatment reflects Ayurvedic principles focusing on holistic well-being.

48) Pitta:
Pitta is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, representing fire and metabolism. It governs digestion and transformation in the body. Imbalance in pitta can lead to inflammatory conditions. Understanding pitta's role is essential in designing treatments for anal disorders like fistula, aimed at restoring balance.

49) Kleda:
Kleda signifies moisture or exudation in Ayurveda. It's relevant in contexts dealing with inflammation and tissue health. Managing kleda is crucial during treatments like ṣārūٰ to prevent excessive moisture that can impede healing and contribute to the persistence of conditions such as fistula.

50) Tikta:
Tikta refers to the bitter taste associated with certain medicinal herbs in Ayurveda, known for their detoxifying properties. Herbs with tikta rasa assist in balancing doshas, particularly pitta, making them essential in treatments targeting inflammatory conditions such as fistula-in-ano, promoting overall healing.

51) Vrana:
հṇa refers to a wound or ulcer in Ayurveda, signifying the importance of wound healing principles in treating conditions like fistula-in-ano. Therapies aimed at managing vraṇa focus on cleansing, promoting granulation tissue formation, and ensuring effective healing processes post-surgery.

52) Water:
Water is critical for overall health, serving as a vital component in the human body. In Ayurvedic medicine, adequate hydration is essential for digestion, detoxification, and maintaining homeostasis. For patients undergoing treatment, hydration supports healing and assists in managing symptoms related to inflammation.

53) Sugar:
Sugar pertains to dietary components essential for energy but could affect inflammatory conditions negatively. In Ayurvedic context, it's important for practitioners to counsel diabetic patients to manage their sugar intake effectively, ensuring that diets support healing and do not exacerbate conditions like fistula-in-ano.

54) Diet:
Diet is a fundamental aspect of health and wellness in Ayurveda. Food is considered medicine, with specific dietary recommendations tailored according to individual prakṛti and conditions. For fistula-in-ano, appropriate dietary practices support recovery by reducing inflammation and promoting overall nourishment.

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Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Innovative Ksarasutra management for horse-shoe fistula-in-ano.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

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