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Paumacariya (critical study)

by K. R. Chandra | 1970 | 238,015 words

This is an English study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrast...

7. Munisuvrata the twentieth Tirthakara

[Full title: Informative stories; (A) Caritas of Eminent persons; (7) Munisuvrata the twentieth Tirthakara]

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After having narrated the Ravanacarita and the origin of the Harivamsa, Gautama relates the biography of twentieth Tirthankara, Munisuvratanatha whose congregational period is associated with the advent of Rama and Ravana (21.11-28). a Sumitra, who belonged to Harivamsa, ruled at Kusagranagara. His wife, Padmavati gave birth to a son. He was named Munisuvrata because his mother was observing vows when the embryo was growing in her womb. Once having seen winter-cloud waning away Munisuvratanatha enthroned his son, Suvrata and accepted asceticism. He broke his fast at Rajagrha by accepting the alms offered by king Vrsabhadatta. He performed penances and attained Kevala under the creeper Campaka. After having established the Tirtha he attained deliverance on the Sammeta mountain. The Samavayanga (Su. 24), the Kalpasutra (Su. 184f) and the Tiloyapannatti (4.545) refer to Muni Suvratanatha as the 20th Tirthankara. The Paumacariya (21.10-12) and the Trishashti Shalaka Purusha-caritra (IV. p. 79) agree regarding his parentage given in the Paumacariya The Uttara-purana (67.21), the Ramapurana of Bhattaraka Somasena. (p. 71) and the Mahapurana (68.3) name his mother as Soma. The Ramapurana of Bhattaraka Somasena. (p. 75) names his wife as Sumangala. The Harivamsha-purana of Jinasenasuri (16.55) and the Trishashti Shalaka Purusha-caritra (IV. p. 81) name her as Prabhavati. The Paumacariya and the Harivamsha-purana of Jinasenasuri mention Vrsabhadatta, the Trishashti Shalaka Purusha-caritra and the CVJC call him Brahmadatta while the Uttara-purana (67.45), the Mahapurana (58.7) and the Ramapurana of Bhattaraka Somasena. name Vrsabhasena who offered alms to Muni Suvratanatha.

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