365betÓéÀÖ

The sacred complex of Billeswar Devalaya (study)

by Rajesh Kakati | 2019 | 72,486 words

This essay studies the sacred complex of Billeswar Devalaya by exploring the historical, cultural, and religious significance of this ancient shrine in Assam (northeastern India). It emphasizes how this temple, also known as Billbeshwar Devaloy, functions as a focal point of faith and tradition for the surrounding communities. The research further ...

A management committee is formed with a term of three years after the expiry of the previous one. The committee needs approval of the Deputy Commissioner as per the Temple Act, 1960. The management committee includes the positions a stated below:

a) President:

The Deputy Commissioner of the district is the ex-officio president of the committee, in accordance of the Temple Act, 1960. The Deputy Commissioner after joining in the office, he makes a customary visit to the Devalaya and supervises the various affairs discussion with the Daloi and with other members. As per the custom of the Devalaya, the new Deputy Commissioner, as the president of the Devalaya management participates in the daily Bhog distributed among the Devotees. Especially during the Durga Puja under the administrative guidance of the Deputy Commissioner the security provision is fully provided to avoid any kind of embarrassing situation and to prevent hooliganism.

b) Secretary:

The Daloi is the ex-officio secretary of the Devalaya Management Committee. His range of duty covers all the affairs of the Devalaya with continuity. In other words, he is the main functionary of the Devalaya in regards of overall management. As the longstanding tradition is maintained, the Daloi cum Secretary is to be chosen from the Bardeuri Samaj.

c) Auditors:

Two auditors are selected from the newly constituted committee who render their duty to audit the collected and disbursed money from various sources and they prepare an annual balance sheet, stating every detail of the financial matter. The audit report is distributed in the general meet of the Devalaya management committee in printed form scheduled to be held as per the convenience of the committee, generally after the end of Kali Puja. The general meet is entailed with a public feast for entreating the attendees and the specially invited well wishers.

d) Members:

Five members are selected in the general meet allowing participation of people from all castes from Hindu community. They are entrusted with multi various duties guided by the Daloi on regular basis during the tenure of the committee.

The list of the management committees of year 2017 & 2018 is annexed.

Formation of Puja Committee of the Devalaya:

By holding a general public meet prior to the Durga Puja a Puja committee is formed every year for the smooth conduct of all the Pujas for the year. The committees headed by a president. It also constitutes two vice presidents, a secretary, two assistant secretaries, a few members and two auditors. The Daloi is one of the ex-officio secretaries.

Formation of Sub-Committees:

For the smooth operation of the yearly pujas, some sub committees are formed. The sub Committees take responsibility of specific functions during the pujas. The list of subcommittees is mentioned below.

a) Puja Parban; 
b) Bali Bidhan; 
c) Bittya Bibhag; 
d) Tathya & Jansasnjog& Prasar; 
e) Bhog; 
f) Bharalghar; 
g) Siva Mandir; 
h) Durga Mandir; 
i) Rabha; 
j) Pohar; 
k) Coupon Bibhag; 
l) Karjyalay Bibhag; 
m) Santirakhya Bibhag; 
n) Aain Bibhag; 
o) Swashtya Bibhag; 
p) Sweshasewak; 
q) Atitihi Apyayan; 
r) Pani Jogan Bibhag; 
s) Abhyarthana Bibhag; 
t) Khola Bibhag; 
u) Samajsewa Bibhag; 

Every sub-committee consists of at least thirty persons from different communities and gender. It is noticed that the participation of women is less. The cooperation of people form Muslim community and the Gariya-Mariya Deshiya Jatiya Parishad (GMDJP) is also remarkable. It again indicates the communal harmony and secularist behavior of the Devalaya.

The Durga Puja celebrated in the vicinity of Billeswar Devalaya is a flagship religious programme that attracts thousands of people every day of the ten days celebration. On the day of Navami every year more than fifty thousand people congregate with the sense of acute religiousness in a fanatic way to observe the event of Buffalo Sacrifice. A section of the entire congregation speculates over the matters from their own perspective. The event of Buffalo sacrifice in the Devalaya is the focal point of the entire Durga Puja Celebration. The number of sacrifices mounted to forty-five or fortysix, in the last three years. Besides the sacrifice a good number of buffalos are freed in the name of Devi Durga.

Almost all the people discharging their duties bestowed upon then by the Devalaya management add a new dimension to the overall performance of the Devalaya representing themselves as the “Quasi Sacred Specialists�. The term “Sacred Specialist� is added with the prefix-like word ‘quasi� is considered to be befitting in case of the involved people. They act as sacred specialist by observing a sacred lifestyle and disseminating the significance of the Devalaya to the mass people. They immensely help in expanding the pragmatic canvas of the Devalaya.

Sometimes the modus operandi of the Devalaya functions becomes jeopardized for undesired activities by some personalities involved with the Devalaya. The Daloi of the Devalaya prior to the year 2017, who continued to hold office till August of the year, had to face public allegations. Even a case was registered against him by the succeeding committee of the Devalaya, who termed the previous committee as an illegal one as it was not approved by Deputy Commissioner of the district, which was a mandatory act as per the provisions of the Assam Temple Act. As section of the people intend to allege him about his misappropriation of the Devalaya finance. Owing to that critical condition of the Devalaya administration, Shri Ranjit Mishra and member of the Bardeuri Samaj and an eminent drama artist took charge as the Daloi of the Devalaya in the month of August, 2017 respecting the will of the public and continued for nine months as an ad-hoc Daloi, till the formation of full-fledged Devalaya committee and its approval by the Deputy Commissioner. As soon as he started to function as a full fledged Daloi, he endeavored by all means to restore the administrative position of the Devalaya and to repair the public image. He still takes the position as a Daloi of the Devalaya with pride and renders his duties with adequate attention.

1 Issues of Employability

The Devalaya engages a large number of people of the locality entrusting various responsibilities during the occasions, more particularly in the time of Durga Puja. All the engaged people are philanthropic in nature and they feel honored by extending services to the Devalaya. The behavioral pattern and the modus operandi of the services are purely folkloristic. Though the Devalaya runs in compliance with the Assam Temple Act, where the Deputy Commissioner of the district is the ex-officio president; however the issues of employability is not dealt with according to the need of the society. In fact the ways of income generation and induction of people as employees on regular mode against the regular salary are noticed to be kept aside. As there is no projects or schemes adopted by the Devalaya, viz. promotional scheme for religious tourism, dormitories with full amenities etc., the issues of employability is still in a very dormant condition.

The designated regular employees, who are paid salary, are listed below:

Daloi Shri Ranjit Mishra
Pujari Shri Atul Bhatta
Bhog Randhani Shri Jon Sarma, Shri Akhil Sarma
Purohits Sri Pratul Sarma, Sri Ratul Sarma, Shri Bhupen Mishra
Bhog Parisalona Shri Anil Sen Deka
Bharali Shri Khagen Mena
Karmi Shri Ratan Das


Though the enlisted fellows are entitled to monthly pay, but the amount is nominal in proportion to their services. Their services cannot be brought under the purview of employability. The other fellows engaged with the Devalaya are always ready to serve without any pecuniary advantages. They avoid any kind of luxury as like as their normal domestic life. From this point it is apparent that they work with their senses of asceticism committed to the Devalaya folk. There is no much distinction between the engaged people and the Devalaya folk. They just remain in the folk form by observing the Devalaya rituals and act as the sacred specialists to a great extent.

2 Devotional Attachment of the Interns

During the field studies some intangible factors behind the devotional attachment of the interns have come into light. These are:

a) Their psychological adherence to the Devalaya for a longer period of time.
b) Their optimum belief in the legends and mythical stories related with the deities.
c) Honorable attachment with the devotees.
d) Social identity.
e) Means of sustenance.

3 Extra Managerial Support

The Billeswar Devalaya is always pertinent to make conducive environment for the people who aspire to work voluntarily for the accomplishment of various agendas of the Devalaya. There is no bar of offerings, donations and corporeal involvement. It is seen when the timely participation is made for the sake of the study that a considerable number of retired persons from various vocations are involved with the Devalaya functioning. In fact they consider their activities as recreational as well as sacred ones. This attitude of the said people is of immense help for the Devalaya in regard of extra managerial support. The burden of responsibilities of the Devalaya management committee is diluted by the cooperation of such people.

4 Logistics of the Devalaya

The lion’s share of Devalaya logistics which is required during the significant festivals of the Devalaya is arranged by the volunteers and the persons of the sub-committees formed for the specific purposes. The locality of Belsor is considered to a census town according to the Census Department of India, of which demographics is presented in the introduction chapter. As per as the demography of the locality along with other credentials there are some Govt. officers, educational institutions, clubs, and voluntary organizations etc. during the festivals the staff of the offices and the member of the organization extend logistic support. The scale of celebration of Durga Puja or other significant festivals is very grand in the Devalaya, which demands a lot of logistic support. Without the hand-holding of the volunteers, clubs, sub-committees and other stakeholders it will not be possible to organize such ostentatious celebrations. It is also mentionable that most of the offices of the clubs are located in the vicinity of the Devalaya and comprises an imperative component of the Sacred Geography of the Devalaya.

Apart from administrative, managerial or policy making, voluntary leaders as members of board/committees or office bearers, there are services-volunteers who supplement the work of paid staff. They work both in programmes and administrative areas. Here, we are referring to only service-volunteers as distinct from voluntary leaders. The utilization of volunteers manifests public participation, civic responsibility, humantouch, democratic values and economy in service. Despite the fact that the need for appointing trained social workers in welfare agencies is being increasingnly felt, any democratic society needs the active participation and interest of lay citizens in social activities. The volunteers assist the agencies in variety areas, which requires human touch and social climate. (Chowdhry: 1992: 164-165)

5 Devalaya Jargon

It is interesting to notice that there are lots of words used in the complex of the Devalay which are not found in standard form in our Assamese language. Even the outsiders find it difficult to understand these. At the initial stage of my fieldwork I also felt that difficulty though I was an inhabitant of an adjoined area under the same revenue circle. Some examples of such words are given. They are: Aai (the goddess Durga); Santa Baba (lord Shiva); Luchir Gurar Bhog (evening ritual food); aula puja (time of offering baffaloes on the day of Navami) etc. Though the use of jargon aouse a sense of difficulty; however, it preserves the uniqueness in communication system among the interns ivoking a great curiosity amongst the devotees. Jargons used in the Devalaya Complex are polysemus in usage. During the field work I found it interesting to notice which is also may be termed as one of the uniqueness of the Devalaya.

Let's grow together!

I humbly request your help to keep doing what I do best: provide the world with unbiased sources, definitions and images. Your donation direclty influences the quality and quantity of knowledge, wisdom and spiritual insight the world is exposed to.

Let's make the world a better place together!

Like what you read? Help to become even better: