365bet娱乐

In the science of grammar, the early preceptors 笔腻峁噄苍颈, 碍腻迟测腻测补苍补 and 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈, also known as Trimuni, pointed out some aspects of sentence in their works. 笔腻峁噄苍颈 has not given a vivid definition of sentence in his monumental work 础峁ａ弓腻诲丑测腻测墨. But there are two occasions, where 笔腻峁噄苍颈 hinted his views on sentence.

He refers to the term '惫腻办测补' in the aphorism:

"惫腻办测补sya 峁璭岣� pluta 耻诲腻迟迟补岣�"
  鈥�(础峁ａ弓腻诲丑测腻测墨 8.2.82).

The whole idea of 笔腻峁噄苍颈 about sentence can be traced in the aphorism:

"蝉补尘补谤迟丑补岣� 辫补诲补惫颈诲丑颈岣�"
  鈥�(础峁ａ弓腻诲丑测腻测墨 2.1.1).

Usually, 惭墨尘腻峁僺腻办补蝉 are considered to be the first to promulgate the necessity of 腻办腻峁卥峁Ｄ� among the meanings of the words in a sentence in order to bring about the unity of idea.

But the necessity for interdependence of words to give a unified meaning was recognised even earlier by 笔腻峁噄苍颈, who conceived the concept of 腻办腻峁卥峁Ｄ� by the word 'samartha':

"蝉补尘补谤迟丑补岣� 辫补诲补惫颈诲丑颈岣�,
  鈥�(础峁ａ弓腻诲丑测腻测墨 2.1.1).

This term has been variously interpreted by the commentators of 笔腻峁噄苍颈.

笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 states that according to some, the word 蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补 denotes 惫测补辫别办峁Ｄ� or mutual connection pertaining to the meaning:

"paraspara惫测补辫别办峁Ｄ佱箖 蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补meke",
  鈥�(惭补丑腻产丑腻峁�y补, 1991, p.365).

This interpretation is similar to the concept of 腻办腻峁卥峁Ｄ� given by the 惭颈尘腻峁僺补办补蝉.

碍腻迟测腻测补苍补 explains the term 蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补 as 别办腻谤迟丑墨产丑腻惫补 or unification of meaning:

"p峁泃hagarth膩n膩m ek膩rth墨bhava岣� 蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补m,
  鈥�(under 笔腻峁噄苍颈, 2.1.1).

This implies the capability of words to make compounds in which, different words with different meanings are infused together to signify a unified meaning. This explanation of the term 蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补 seems analogous to the condition of arthaikatva formulated by Jaimini, if it is interpreted as unity of meaning (Raja, 1963, p.155). Here 笔腻峁噄苍颈 intends to say that the words are capable of forming either a sentence or a compound. When words possess 别办腻谤迟丑墨产丑腻惫补蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补 or the capability of giving a unified sense, they could make compound words, losing their individual meanings and acquire a special signification. Similarly when the words possess 惫测补辫别办峁Ｄ乺奴pa蝉腻尘补谤迟丑测补, they could make sentences, in which they retain their own meanings, but are mutually related.

Commentators like 碍补颈测补峁璦 are of this opinion; he says:

" iha 惫测补辫别办峁Ｄ亂膩m sam膩so na bhavati, ek膩rth墨bh膩ve 惫腻办测补峁� neti"
  鈥�(Under 笔腻峁噄苍颈, 2.1.1).

Haradatta, in his work 笔补诲补尘补帽箩补谤墨, states that both 别办腻谤迟丑墨产丑腻惫补 and 惫测补辫别办峁Ｄ� are necessary in a compound word, because in the absence of mutual connection of meanings, words are not allowed to form a compound (Under 笔腻峁噄苍颈, 2.1.1). We can infer from these discussions that 笔腻峁噄苍颈 has summarised all his ideas about sentence in the word samartha.

In Sanskrit Grammar, it was 碍腻迟测腻测补苍补, who did the first attempt to define a sentence. 笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈 remarks that:

"idam ady膩p奴rvam kriyate 惫腻办测补sa峁僯帽膩 sam膩nav膩ky膩dhik膩ra艣ca"
  鈥�(惭补丑腻产丑腻峁�y补, under 笔腻峁噄苍颈 2.1.1).

Some scholars hold that because of this reason, 碍腻迟测腻测补苍补 was also known as 痴腻办测补办腻谤补 (Dr. Dhanurdhara Jha, 2002, p.5).

碍腻迟测腻测补苍补 defines sentence in two perspectives as "eka迟颈峁叡鼓灏觳獠筸" and "腻办丑测腻迟补峁� s膩vyayak膩raka惫颈艣别峁�a峁嘺峁� 惫腻办测补m" (Under 笔腻峁噄苍颈, 2.1.1). The former definition states that sentence is that which has one finite verb. But this definition is somewhat absurd in nature. There are obviously sentences having more than one finite verb like ' 辫补艣测补 m峁沢o 诲丑腻惫补迟颈' (behold, the animal runs). Later grammarians accept this as a single sentence as it gives a unified sense.

Thus 碍补颈测补峁璦 interprets this definition in a different perspective as:

"别办补岣�, 蝉补尘腻苍补岣� 迟颈峁� yasmin tat eka迟颈峁�"
  鈥�(Under 笔腻峁噄苍颈 2.1.1).

Thus, from the formal surface level approach, such a sentence may be considered as a complex one made up of two simple sentences. But at the deep structure level, it has a semantic unity and thus it is considered as a single sentence. Thus 碍腻迟测腻测补苍补 proposes the latter definition. According to this, there is only one verb in a sentence, the meaning of which is the primary substantive (惫颈艣别峁�y补) and the other words (including verbs) are adjectives (惫颈艣别峁�a峁嘺) of the main verb. Thus in the above sentence, though there are two verbs, the meaning of the one (辫补艣测补) is the primary substantive and the meaning of the other (诲丑腻惫补迟颈) is only its attribute (惫颈艣别峁�a峁嘺).