Essay name: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)
Author: William James Arraj
The essay represents a study and partial English translation of the Svacchandatantra and its commentary, “Uddyota�, by Kshemaraja. The text, attributed to the deity Svacchanda-bhairava, has various names and demonstrates a complex history of transmission through diverse manuscript traditions in North India, Nepal, and beyond.
Page 344 of: Svacchandatantra (history and structure)
344 (of 511)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
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337
perceptive organ, they enable perception by limiting the activity of
a given perceptive organ to its corresponding object. They further
mediate between the perceptive organs and the ego, and thus
allow ego impressions of a particular object to occur. Otherwise, if,
as in the view of NyÄyaá¸�, the sensory media constituted only
subtle forms of objects, they would not leave a particular
impression on the ego. And, if, as in the view of the classical
SÄmkhyam, they were related only to the ego, then they would
not be able to restrict perception to a particular object. Without
the sensory media, the organs would be pervasive and unfocused
like the ego, and cognition of specific objects would be impossible. 1
Several verses follow (pp. 16-17) that enumerate the series of
erroneous identifications, such as I am powerful, I am a victor in
battle, and so forth, that stem from the ego, and cause bondage
to transmigration. This section begins by declaring that above
there is the transforming (vaikÄrika-) ego, and ends by declaring
that the threefold ego has been discussed. Although, Ká¹£emarÄjaá¸�
interprets this first declaration as intentionally asserting that the
constituent raja� represented by the transforming ego dominates,
the discrepancy probably indicates that the compilers have here
inserted only part of a fuller description of the ego found in a
source document. 2
The section on the intellect (pp. 18-26) consists of an
extensive listing of its properties (dharma�), which comprise the
eight primary psychic dispositions (bhÄvÄá¸�) and their secondary
divisions. Before these lists of divisions, there comes a general
1 V. his commentary, pp. 15�16:
“niyamitatanmatroparaktÄhankärikatvamindriyÄṇÄm anyathÄ
sÄnkhyavatkevale Ähankärikatve niyatavisayasambandho na ghatate
naiyÄyikavadvÄ kevalabhautikatve tu ahampratityanugamo na
²õ²âÄå³Ù.
�
"
and p.18, vs. 40b:
Z V. p.16, vs.36a: “vaikÄrikastataÅ› .
"trividhasyÄpyayam dharmo 'hankarasya prakirtitaá¸�."
