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Mahabharata of Vedavyasa occupies the second position among the greatest epics of Indian literature. Different types of 39

personalities and their psychology, socio economic and political conditions of that period etc. can be seen in Mahabharata. It gives us the complete picture of the art and culture of that period and it can justly be called the encyclopedia of Bharata khanda. Subject matter related to Ayurveda and various types of medical and surgical treatments can be seen in Mahabharata. Mahabharata mentions eight branches of Ayurveda. PRACTICE OF MEDICINE Once Narada Maharsi went to Yudhisthira and made enquiry about his health as follows:- "Oh! Yudhisthira how is your health? Are you getting treatment or not? By adopting Satsanga and practicing practicing Sadacara psychological disorders can be prevented. By taking wholesome diet most of the somatic disorders can be prevented. Whether the royal physicians are well versed in Astangas or not?" It shows that the practice of medicine already existed in those days. TOXICOLOGICAL REFERENCES The discourse between Taksaka and Kasyapa is evidently proof of the latter's expertise in toxicology by which he revived the Banyan 40

tree which was reduced to ashes by Taksaka, the king of serpents. Practice of divine therapy in toxicology was also seen in Mahabharata. When Pariksit Maharaj was affected by snake bite, he called the physicians, who were experts in toxicology. Once Duryodhana gave poisonous food to Bhima who became unconscious and was thrown into the river, due to the serpent bite, he was revived. It suggests that Jangama Visa might have acted as antidote for Sthavara Visa. In Mahabharata various types of serpents have been described. It is stated that Lord Brahma taught toxicology to Kasyapa. MRTA SANJIVANI VIDYA The story Kaca, Devayani tells that Brhaspati sent his son Kaca to Sukra, to learn Mrta sanjivani vidya. DISEASES, CAUSATIVE FACTORS AND TREATMENT In Santiparva of Mahabharata the psychosomatic disorders. and their clinical picture were described along with the influence of Trigunas on the body and mind. Asvins treated the blindness of Upamanya, which was caused due to the consumption of Arka leaves. Atriputra suffered from Rajayaksma caused due to excessive copulation and was revived by getting treatment. 41

During her pregnancy, Gandhari beat herself on her abdomen which resulted in abortion. The pieces were kept separately, one in each earthen pot containing ghee for a period of ten months. As a result, one child from each piece was produced. Tile zygotes formed in the uterus of Kadruva and Vinata were kept in an earthen pot containing ghee gave birth to children. These are examples which show how the Indian medical system was highly developed. INFLUENCE OF MOTHER'S FEELINGS ON THE BABY According to Indian medical science the mental state or psychological attitude of mother's have a direct influence on the physical and mental condition of the child. Dhrtarastra.was born blind became of Ambika's attitude towards his husband during intercourse. Ambika closed her eyes out of fear at the time of intercourse. Similarly Pandu's health was affected as his mother Ambalika was extremely unhappy during the time of intercourse.