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[Full title: A Brief note on the sacrifices of the 艢补迟补辫补迟丑补 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 (1): 顿补谤艣补辫奴谤峁嘺尘腻蝉别峁ａ弓颈]

The 顿补谤艣补辫奴谤峁嘺尘腻蝉别峁ａ弓颈 is the pattern or model of all 颈峁ａ弓颈 type of sacrifice^[1]. The word 鈥�顿补谤艣补鈥� means the copulation of the sun and the moon (suryendu 蝉补苍驳补尘补岣�) i.e. the new moon is known as 础尘腻惫补蝉测腻 and the 笔耻谤峁嚹乵补蝉颈 means the full moon day (笔耻谤苍颈尘腻).

The 顿补谤艣补pur峁嘺m膩sa sacrifice comprises two performances-one on the new moon day (础尘腻惫补蝉测补) and the other on the full moon day i.e. 笔耻谤苍颈尘腻. This includes the two days in the full moon and two days in the new moon days. In the full moon days, the ceremony starts in the morning of that day and ends in the forenoon of the following day i.e. Pratipada. Similarly in the new moon days the rite begins in the morning of that day and terminates in the forenoon of the following day. One who wants to perform this sacrifice for the first time should initiate with the full moon rite and follow it up with the new moon rite. One should not begin this ceremony in the new moon rite.

A person who is neither a bachelor nor a widower and belonging to three higher castes i.e. (叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, 碍峁�a迟谤颈测补 and 痴补颈艣测补) and one who has performed the 础驳苍测腻诲丑别测补 ceremony (i.e. the ceremony of establishing the sacred fire) has the right to perform the 顿补谤艣补pur峁嘺m膩sa sacrifice which starts on the full moon day. Four priests are necessary for this sacrifice. They are-贬辞迟峁�, Adhvarju, Agnidhra and 叠谤补丑尘腻. These four priests have equal power and importance in this sacrifice.

The procedure of performance of the 顿补谤艣补 and 笔耻谤苍补尘腻蝉颈 is more or less identical. The rituals performed on the first day are mainly preliminary. These includes the preparation of the fire, the formal taking of a vow by the sacrificer which involves him abstention from certain kinds of food, specially meat and from all sensual pleasures, sleeping on the ground, the cutting of hair and beard, maintenance of silence and so on. In the second day, the performance begins with the fetching of the sacred water and the utensils necessary for the performance, preparation of the rice pap, preparation of the altar, girdling of the sacrificer鈥檚 wife with cord, her looking down upon the sacrificial butter, covering of the altar with the grass and laying three enclosing sticks around the fire. All these preliminary details are done along with the utterance of proper mantras. After the completion of these preliminaries the real sacrifice begins.

There are many ancillary oblations both in the new moon and full moon rites. Among them the three oblations are regarded as principal oblations.

The major three oblations of the full moon day are as follows鈥�

鈥� The first oblation comprising rice pap (辫耻谤辞诲腻艣补) is offered to the fire god Agni.
鈥� The second oblation named as 鲍辫腻峁兣泆 测腻驳补 is offered to the four deities i.e. 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈, Vi峁�nu, Agni and Soma.
鈥� The third oblations consisting of rise pap offered to the couple of Agni and Soma.

Oblations of the new moon days:

鈥� In the new moon days the first oblation of rice pap is offered to fire god Agni.
鈥� The second oblation making with curd offered to Indra.
鈥� The last oblation i.e. the third oblation of milk is offered to Indra.

The rites named as 笔谤补测腻箩补, 础苍耻测腻箩补 and Patni 厂补尘测腻箩补 are regarded as essential parts of this sacrifice and performed both in the new and full moon ceremonies. An offering to the fire god called Agni 厂惫颈峁ａ弓补办峁泃 marks the end of this offering. In 厂惫颈峁ａ弓补办峁泃 offering all Gods are invited. Then follows the 颈岣嵞乥丑补办蝉补峁嘺 or the tasting of the remaining oblations by the priests. Among all the priests the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺 or the Superintending priest has the special share. While collecting the sacred oddment the priests touch the sacrificer. Then the rice cakes are distributed among them and everyone share the 颈岣嵞�. After the performance of some preliminary rites, the sacrificer stride three steps in to the sacrificial ground and the sacrifice turns to an end.

The 顿补谤艣补pur峁嘺m膩sa is either (Nitya) obligatory or (碍腻尘测补) wish yielding. It is Nitya for those who execute this in every new moon and full moon in all respects of their lifetime without any interval. In this respect, if any one breaks the performance he has to face some disaster called 笔谤补迟测补惫腻测补. It is wish yielding or 碍腻尘测补 for those who performed it only once or twice for the attainment of some desire.

In 艢补迟补辫补迟丑补 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺, the 顿补谤艣补辫奴谤峁嘺尘腻蝉别峁ａ弓颈 is mentioned first and it is the model of all sacrifices.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

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