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The Vakrokti (expressional Strikingness) has been regarded as the basal principal of all poetic language in Indian poetics. Kuntaka, is the greatest exponent of the theory of Vakrokti and defined it as the 鈥榲ital essence of poetry鈥� C.f.

鈥�vakrokti 办腻惫测补j墨vitam 触鈥�

- Vakroktij墨vita of Kuntaka: I

It may seems that Kuntaka established his Vakrokti theory by the unwillingly of 痴腻尘补苍补鈥檚 搁墨迟颈 theory of 办腻惫测补 (poetry). In his Vakroktij墨vita, Kuntaka rejected and defines 搁墨迟颈 is not the soul of poetry by 痴腻尘补苍补 and established his own concepts Vakrokti as the 鈥�办腻惫测腻蝉腻迟尘腻鈥� (soul of poetry).

However it is not that Kuntaka first time says about the concepts of Vakrokti, his previous 腻濒补峁僰腻谤颈办补蝉 also accepted this concept. In the first time 叠丑腻尘补丑补 in his poetical work 碍腻惫测腻濒补峁僰腻谤补 (of 叠丑腻尘补丑补) gives the detail treatment of Vakrokti in the Sanskrit poetics world:

鈥�蝉补颈峁Ｄ� sarvatra vakroktiranay膩rtho vibh膩vyate |
yatnohasy膩峁� kavin膩 办腻谤测腻岣� 办辞丑补濒补峁卥腻谤辞丑补苍补测腻惫颈苍腻 || 鈥�

- 碍腻惫测腻濒补峁僰腻谤补 (of 叠丑腻尘补丑补) of 叠丑腻尘补丑补: Ch-II/85

膧肠腻谤测补 顿补峁囜笉颈苍 in his 碍腻惫测腻诲补谤艣补 recognized the importance of Vakrokti by saying:

鈥�艣le 峁�a岣� sarv膩stu pu峁ａ箛膩ti pr膩yovakrokti峁�u 艣riyam |
产丑颈苍苍补峁� 诲惫颈诲丑腻 svabhv膩vokti岣� vakrokti艣ceti v膩峁卪ayam || 鈥�

- 碍腻惫测腻诲补谤艣补 of 顿补峁囜笉颈苍: II/ 363

Means:

鈥�艢濒别峁�a is 鈥�蝉补峁僰墨谤峁嘺鈥� in many and adds grace to many 础濒补峁僰腻谤补蝉 specially where there is covert saying; so 办腻惫测补 may be classed as 鈥�蝉惫补产丑腻惫测腻办丑腻苍补鈥� and 鈥�产丑补峁単颈惫颈艣别峁Ｄ乻惫测腻苍补鈥� due to 艢濒别峁�a.鈥�

Then the 痴腻尘补苍补 says about importance of Vakrokti in the poetry. C.f.

鈥�蝉腻诲峁浥泍腻濒濒补办峁�a峁嚹� 惫补办谤辞办迟颈岣� 触鈥�

- 碍腻惫测腻濒补峁僰腻谤补s奴峁璻a-惫峁泃迟颈 of 痴腻尘补苍补-IV/3/8

So we see that the earlier 腻濒补峁僰腻谤颈办补鈥檚 of Kuntaka i.e. 叠丑腻尘补丑补, 顿补峁囜笉颈苍 and 痴腻尘补苍补 accepted Vakrokti as the 补濒补峁僰腻谤补蝉. But Kuntaka is the first 腻濒补峁僰腻谤颈办补 who gives the prominent place of Vakrokti beyond 补濒补峁僰腻谤补蝉 in poetry and gloriously established it as the soul of poetry. It is the causes for Kuntaka he is known as the founder 膧肠腻谤测补 of Vakrokti School.

Beside those 膧肠腻谤测补s, Rudra峁�膩鈥檚 view also described about Vakrokti, which is very much limited under the 艢补产诲腻濒补峁僰腻谤补 (verbal figure). 搁耻诲谤补峁璦 think that the two well known types of Vakrokti as: i) 艢濒别峁�a vakrokti (vakrokti based on paronomasia) and ii) 碍腻办耻 vakrokti (vakrokti based on intonation).

In the 艢濒别峁�a vakrokti, the listener consciously distorts the speaker鈥檚 words and meaning and spoken with a different way. viz.

鈥�vakt膩 tadanyayokta峁� v膩cya峁�te c膩nyarth膩 tat uta岣� |
vacana 峁� yat padabha峁単aira帽j膩 s膩 艣la峁�e 惫补办谤辞办迟颈岣� || 鈥�

- 碍腻惫测腻濒补峁僰腻谤补 (of 搁耻诲谤补峁璦) of 搁耻诲谤补峁璦: II/ 14

The other 碍腻办耻 vakrokti, is those contexts where a different meaning is conveyed by a simple substitution of another intonation pattern. i.e.

鈥�visapasta峁� kriyam膩峁嚹乨akli峁ａ弓a sarvi艣re峁ａ弓o bhavati |
arth膩ntaraprat墨tira yatr膩sai k膩ku vakrokti || 鈥�

- 碍腻惫测腻濒补峁僰腻谤补 (of 搁耻诲谤补峁璦) of 搁耻诲谤补峁璦: II/ 16

But almost 腻濒补峁僰腻谤颈办补蝉 does not agree with the view of 搁耻诲谤补峁璦鈥檚 definition, types and significance of Vakrokti. In the seventh chapter of K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩, 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 discusses 碍腻办耻 (intonation) and mentions 搁耻诲谤补峁璦鈥檚 figure of 碍腻办耻 vakrokti also rejected by saying:

鈥�k膩ku rvakroktirn膩ma艣avd膩la峁卥膩ro'yam鈥� iti 谤耻诲谤补峁璦岣� |
鈥�补产丑颈辫谤腻测补惫腻苍辫腻峁环补诲丑补谤尘补岣� 办腻办耻岣� sa kathamala峁卥膩ra岣� sy膩t 鈥� iti 测腻测腻惫补谤墨测补岣� |

- K膩vyam墨m膩峁僺膩 of 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补: Ch-VII, Pp- 31

膧肠腻谤测补 Kuntaka in his Vakroktij墨vita define Vakrokti as 鈥榮triking denotation鈥� (惫颈肠迟颈谤腻-补产丑颈诲丑腻) and conceives of it as a striking mode of expression depending on the peculiar turn given to it by the skill of kavi (poet). In poetic composition the languages always be differ from the ordinary mood of speech and also from the established manner of expression in scientific treatise. C.f.

鈥�vakroktire va vaidagdhyabha峁僩墨bha峁噄tirucyate 触鈥�

惫补办谤辞办迟颈岣� prasiddh膩bhidh膩navyatire ki峁嚹� vicitraiv膩bhidh膩 | k墨d峁浥浤�-vaidagdhya产丑补峁単墨bha峁噄ti岣� | vaidagdha峁� vidagdhabh膩va岣� kavikarmakau艣ala峁� tasya 产丑补峁単墨 vicchiti岣�, tay膩 bha峁噄ti岣� vicitrav膩bhidh膩 vakroktirucyate |

- Vakroktij墨vita of Kuntaka: I/ 10 & 惫峁泃迟颈

There 鈥榲补颈诲补驳诲丑测补产丑补峁僩墨产丑补峁噄迟颈鈥� is the Vakrokti and established this as the major essence of poetry. Here Kuntaka also accepted and follows the 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补鈥檚 鈥�办腻惫测补sy膩pye峁�a j墨vitam鈥� concept and defines his own view of poetry. Thus Kuntaka may be established as the founder of Vakrokti School but it seems that, before Kuntaka 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补 also think about this matter by saying 鈥�办腻惫测补sy膩pye峁�a j墨vitam鈥�. Therefore if we properly notice the views on Vakrokti thus it can be seemed that the 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补鈥檚 concept on Vakrokti is much elaborated than the 碍耻苍迟补办补鈥檚 view. 碍耻苍迟补办补鈥檚 Vakrokti theory limited only for the 办腻惫测补 (poetry) but there 搁腻箩补艣别办丑补谤补鈥檚 concepts on Vakrokti also touches the 鈥�Lokas鈥� and 鈥�艢腻蝉迟谤补蝉鈥� beyond the 办腻惫测补 (poetry).