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Gita-govinda of Jayadeva (comparative study)

by Manisha Misra | 2012 | 56,963 words

This essay contains an English study of the Gita-Govinda by Jayadeva and the “Kishore Chandrananda Champu� by Kabisurya Baladev. (1) The Gitagovinda is a Sanskrit Kavya poem of 12th century composed by Jayadeva, who was a devotee of Lord Krishna/Jagannatha and a patron of Odisha culture. The Gitagovinda had widespread influence on Indian art and li...

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The two figures of Lord Visnu, Vasudeva and Madhava were worshipped at a time in many parts of the country 25. Before fifteenth century the Krsna-cult was prevailed as Bhagavata dharma in Odisha 26. There are various examples of Madhava worship in Odisha particularly in the valley of the Mahanadi 27. The historical written information about Vaisnavism found in the Besnagar description of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. The script of this inscription is of the first century. The Ghosundi inscription of Sarvatata declares the Bhagavatadharma and the worship of Vasudeva-Krsna. Another inscription of Nanaghata cave of Naganika reexplained by D.C. Sircar announces the worship of Vasudeva and to satisfy or to announce the glory of Vasudeva. During the fifth or sixth century the Mathara dynasty of Kalinga has donated some villages in the written form on copper plates to the Brahmins of their time. This is proved by the copper plates given by the king and shows the importance of Brahminism. The Matharas of Kalinga were the parama Bhagavatas like the rulers of South India and western Odisha of the same time. They helped and supported the prevalence of Vaisnavism 28. The Prapannamrta text provides information about the prevalence of Vaisnavism by Ramanuja in the time of 24. Mishra, R.P., Grwoth of the theory of incarnation, p.197 25. Mahapatra, Kedarnath, Location of 'Kenduvilva' the birth-place of Kaviraja Jayadeva, Souvenir on Jayadeva, 1968, pp.40,41 26. Rajaguru, Satyanarayana, Mahakavi Jayadeva o Gitagovinda, p.97 27. Prachi Mahatmya, ch.17, pp.109-116 28. Mahanty, Vichitrananda, Vaisnava Kavi Jayadeva, Utkalara Kavi Jayadeva, A Collection of Articles, 1989, p.65 16

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Codaganga Deva, a ruler of Odisha. The copper plate inscription of A.D 1198 proves that the king has made a new temple for Lord Jagannatha. The outer wall of Nrsimha temple which is situated inside the Jagannatha temple, Puri proves that the king had conquered Odisha in the beginning of the twelfth century. During that time the Saivism and the Vaisnavism occupied a major religious places in Odisha. The inscription of Codaganga Deva proves the worship of Vasudeva prevailed in the twelfth century. He declared himself as parama Mahesvara, parama Vaisnava through his inscription 29. Vaisnavism prevailed in Odisha through the Acintyabhedabheda of Nimbarka and dvaita principle of Madhavacarya during the twelfth century.

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