Devala-smriti (critical study)
by Mukund Lalji Wadekar | 1982 | 67,394 words
This essay represents an English study of the Devala-smriti—an ancient text attributed to sage Devala classified as belonging to the Dharma-Shastra branch of Indian literature which encompasses jurisprudence and religious law. This study deals with the reconstructed text of the Devalasmriti based on surviving references, emphasizing Devala’s unique...
4.4. Upasargas (obstacles in the practice of Yoga)
[Full title: (A) Philosophical aspects; (IV) The yoga philosophy; (4) Upasargas (obstacles in the practice of Yoga)].
(D) UPASARGAS (OBSTACLES IN THE PRACTICE OF YOGA):—A person may be properly practising the several means of Yoga, but various obstacles come in his way of obtaining perfection & obstruct the further progress of the aspirant, in his practice of Yoga. The obstacles are of ten kinds, according to Devala (2411). (1) Anistabibhava (2) Nidrabadha tti over powering by something undesirable, impediment on account of sleep, (3) Bhavanakotpaemmergence of something terrifying, (4) Jnanapida - Annoyance due to knowledge, (5) Bhogatisaya Kopanaipunya excess of pleasures, (6) www quickness in anger, (7) Aisvaryavisesa specific supernatural powers, (8) Dharmamahattva eminence due to Dharma (9) Vidyasthanani abodes in the form of lores, (10) Yasodiptih brilliance of success. The Yogasutra (1/30) 80 also enumerates nine antarayas (obstacles) & in the sutra (3/36) 80, adds that supernatural powers are upasargas (obstacles) to the spiritual absorption. Thus though the Yogasutra mentions ten obstacles in all like Devala, but they are differently enumerated as antarayas & upasargas. The term upas arga is only used for those obstacles, that arise due to the obtainment of supernatural powers, while all other kinds of impediments that distract the mind are called antarayas. Devala does not make any such distinction. Devala's treatment is quite different from that of the Yogasutra:. Several obstacles, mentioned by Devala, are not found in the Yogasutra. This may suggest that Devala is not indebted to or influenced by the extant Yogasutra. He follows i i i "
www. 883 the ancient Sankhyayoga works, as he has clearly admitted.