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Commentaries, generally, help in understanding the meaning of words either by giving their synonyms or by describing their meanings.

笔补迟补帽箩补濒颈^[1] in his 笔补艣辫补艣腻岣�n颈办补 highlights the role played by the commentator in deciding the meaning of a word鈥�

vy膩khy膩nato vi艣e峁�apratipattirna hi sandeh膩dalak峁�a峁嘺m |

Generally the commentaries are in prose and hence do not have any metrical constraints. On account of this, elaborate information about the subject is furnished. In the process, the commentators also make original contribution which is as valuable as those of the 办辞峁�a writers.

The popularity of 础尘补谤补办辞艣补 is evident from the fact that it has more than eighty commentaries.

(a) Some of the commentaries published are as follows:

(i) 闯腻迟补谤奴辫补鈥檚 commentary is the earliest available commentary. But the commentary is not available in full. Only the first 碍腻峁囜笉补 is completely available; the remaining 碍腻峁囜笉补s are in fragments. As he is referred to by 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 as 骋补耻岣峚, he is considered to belong to 10th C. A.D.

(ii) 础尘补谤补办辞艣辞诲驳丑腻峁璦苍补 by 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 of 11th C. A.D. is the earliest fully extant commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补 The text is lucid and simple. It quotes more than hundred authorities.

(iii) 峁�墨k腻蝉补谤惫补蝉惫补 by Vandyagha峁�墨ya 厂补谤惫腻苍补苍诲补 of 12th C. A.D., was very popular among Bengal commentators.

(iv) 础尘补谤补辫补诲补惫颈惫峁泃颈 or 尝颈峁単补产丑补峁�峁�墨测补 of Li峁単ayas奴ri, (1150-1300 A.D.) He quotes 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 often and declares that he has composed his work following the commentaries of scholars like 碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 and others.

(v) 础尘补谤补辫补诲补辫腻谤颈箩腻迟补 of 惭补濒濒颈苍腻迟丑补 (14th C. A.D.); he quotes Li峁単ayas奴ri. The author of the present work is said to be different from 惭补濒濒颈苍腻迟丑补 the commentator of the 惭补丑腻办腻惫测补蝉.

(vi) 笔补诲补肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 or 笔补诲补辫补帽肠颈办腻 by R膩yamuku峁璦ma峁噄 or 叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈 惭颈艣谤补 belongs to 14th C. A.D.

(vii) 痴测腻办丑测腻蝉耻诲丑腻 or 厂耻产辞诲丑颈苍墨 or 搁腻尘腻艣谤补尘墨 of Bh膩nuji 顿墨办峁�i迟补, son of 叠丑补峁�峁�辞箩颈 顿墨办峁�i迟补 was composed at the request of prince K墨rtisi峁僪a of 惭补丑墨诲丑补谤补 in the first half of 17th C. A.D.

(viii) 础尘补谤补办辞艣补viveka or Subodhini by 惭补丑别艣惫补谤补, son of 搁腻尘补肠补苍诲谤补 叠丑补峁�峁�补, was composed in the latter half of the 17th C. A.D.

(ix) Commentary by 碍峁涐梗峁嘺尘颈迟谤补; 碍峁涐梗峁嘺尘颈迟谤补 is considered to be the same person who wrote commentary on 艢补产诲补办补耻蝉迟耻产丑补 and Siddh膩nta 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 of Bhattoji 顿墨办峁�i迟补. Hence his date is ascribed to 18th C. A.D.

(b) The unpublished commentaries,

In Manuscripts mentioned in New Catalogus Catalogorum (Vol. I, pp. 318-31) are as follows:

1. 础产丑颈诲丑腻苍补产辞诲丑颈苍墨 by 尝补办峁�m墨诲丑补谤补,
2. 础产丑颈诲丑腻苍补辫谤补办腻艣颈办腻 by Raghunandana,
3. 础尘补谤补办辞艣腻产丑颈诲丑腻苍补,
4. 础尘补谤补办辞艣补m膩l膩 by 笔补谤补尘腻苍补苍诲补 艢补谤尘补苍,
5. 础尘补谤补尘腻濒腻,
6. 础尘补谤腻尘峁泃补 in verse form by Ve峁卥a峁璭艣vara,
7. 础尘补谤腻苍惫补测补辫谤补办腻艣补,
8. Amarapadamukura by Ra峁単膩c膩rya,
9. 础尘补谤补辫补诲补惫颈惫补谤补峁嘺,
10. Amaroddyota by 笔耻谤耻峁�o迟迟补尘补 罢补谤办腻濒补峁卥腻谤补,
11. 叠峁沨补诲惫峁泃迟颈 or 厂耻产丑辞诲丑颈苍墨 by 闯腻迟补惫别诲补 顿墨办峁�i迟补, son of Deva峁嘺bha峁�峁璦,
12. 叠腻濒补产辞诲丑颈苍墨 by Gosv膩mi 艢iroma峁噄bha峁�峁璦,
13. 艢补产诲腻谤迟丑补蝉补苍诲墨辫颈办腻 by 狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺 痴颈诲测腻惫颈苍辞诲补^[2],
14. Commentary by Caturbhuja,
15. Commentary by 颁颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 惭颈艣谤补,
16. Commentary by 颁奴岣嵞乵补峁噄 Mithila,
17. Commentary by Durlabhavallabha,
18. Commentary by 贬补谤颈诲墨办峁�i迟补,
19. Commentary by 碍峁涐梗峁嘺诲腻蝉补 of Bengal,
20. Commentary by Kulatithi 艢补谤尘补苍, son of Jayadeva,
21. Commentary by Lak峁�ma峁嘺艣膩stri,
22. Commentary by Ma帽jubha峁�峁璦,
23. Commentary by Mukunda 艢补谤尘补苍 who follows the grammatical system of Vopadeva.,
24. Commentary by N膩car膩ja of Mysore,
25. Commentary by 搁腻驳丑补惫别苍诲谤补,
26. Commentary by 搁腻尘腻艣谤补尘墨,
27. Commentary by 搁腻尘补蝉惫腻尘颈苍,
28. Commentary by 搁腻尘补迟补谤办补惫腻驳墨艣补,
29. Commentary by Sajja or S膩帽ja,
30. Commentary by 艢补尘产丑耻,
31. Commentary by 艢谤墨诲丑补谤补,
32. Commentary by Surasi峁僪as奴ri,
33. Commentary by Trilocanad膩sa of Bengal,
34. Commentary by 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 (ptd. Kottayam) (not available),
35. Commentary by 痴颈诲补驳诲丑补肠奴岣嵞乵补峁噄 痴颈峁�峁�丑补濒补 with Kannada meanings,
36. Commentary by Daity膩ri, son of 艢补峁卥补谤补, son of 笔补帽肠腻苍补苍补 Kav墨艣vara, wriiten in Oriya,
37. Commentary by Bommaga峁囜弓i Appay膩rya^[3],
38. 闯帽腻苍补诲墨辫颈办腻 by 艢谤墨辫补迟颈 Cakravarti,
39. 碍腻艣颈办腻 by 碍腻艣墨苍腻迟丑补,
40. 碍腻尘补诲丑别苍耻 by 厂耻产丑奴迟颈candra^[4],
41. 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 by 碍补耻尘耻诲墨艣vara of Bengal,
42. 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 commenced by N膩yan膩nanda 艢补谤尘补苍 and completed by his pupil 搁腻尘补肠补苍诲谤补 艢补谤尘补苍,
43. 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 of Tarkapa帽c膩nana Bha峁�峁�膩c膩rya,
44. 碍谤颈测腻办补濒腻辫补 by 膧艣腻诲丑补谤补,
45. 尝补驳丑耻产丑腻峁Ｄ� ascribed to Ravivarma,
46. 惭腻诲丑补惫墨 or 惭补诲丑耻尘腻诲丑补惫墨 by Madhu尘腻诲丑补惫补,
47. 惭补苍辞谤补尘腻,
48. 惭补谤尘补产丑别诲颈苍墨,
49. 惭耻驳丑诲丑补产丑辞诲颈苍墨 by Bharatamallika,
50. 狈腻尘补辫谤补产丑腻 by R膩magop膩la,
51. 笔补诲补尘补帽箩补谤颈 by 尝辞办补苍腻迟丑补,
52. 笔补诲补峁�墨k腻 with 叠丑腻峁Ｄ佱弓墨办腻,
53. 笔补诲补峁璱辫辫补峁嘺,
54. 笔补诲补峁璱辫辫补峁嘺viv峁泃i,
55. 笔补诲补惫峁泃迟颈,
56. 笔补诲补惫颈惫峁泃颈,
57. 笔补诲补惫测腻办丑测腻,
58. 笔补帽肠颈办腻,
59. 笔补帽肠颈办腻 by Ve峁卥a峁璭艣vara,
60. 笔补帽箩颈办腻 or 笔补诲腻谤迟丑补办补耻尘耻诲墨 by 狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺 艢补谤尘补苍, 18th C. A.D.,
61. 笔墨测奴峁�a by 搁腻尘补办峁涐梗峁嘺 顿墨办峁�i迟补,
62. 笔谤补诲墨辫补尘补帽箩补谤墨 by 搁腻尘别艣惫补谤补 艢补谤尘补苍,
63. 笔谤补迟颈辫补诲补峁�墨k腻,
64. 搁补迟苍补尘腻濒腻 by 搁补迟苍别艣惫补谤补 Cakravartin,
65. 厂腻谤补蝉耻苍诲补谤墨 by Mathure艣a 痴颈诲测腻la峁卥膩ra,
66. 厂耻产辞诲丑颈苍墨 by N墨laka峁噒ha 艢补谤尘补苍,
67. 罢谤颈办腻峁囜笉补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 by 搁补驳丑耻苍腻迟丑补 Cakravrtin,
68. 罢谤颈办腻峁囜笉补惫颈惫别办补 by 搁腻尘补苍腻迟丑补, 18th C. A.D.,
69. 痴补颈峁�a尘测补 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 by R膩mapras膩d 罢补谤办腻濒补峁卥腻谤补,
70. Vidvanmanohara or Budhamanohara by Mah膩devat墨rtha, 17th C. A.D.,
71. 痴测腻办丑测腻尘峁泃补 by 艢谤墨办补谤补 膧肠腻谤测补,
72. 痴测腻办丑测腻辫谤补诲墨辫腻 by Acyuta 鲍辫腻诲丑测腻测补

73. Besides these, T.R. 颁丑颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 has written in an article^[5] on an unknown commentary by an unknown author on 础尘补谤补办辞艣补: 鈥淭he following pages present a short account of the literary value and importance of an extensive and valuable commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补 now deposited in the Government Oriental Manuscripts Library, Madras. The manuscript bears the No. R. 3356 (T鈥�1鈥�107) and is described in Vol. IV of the Triennial Berhampore district which is bordering on the Orissa country, by the Peripatetic Search Party of the Government Oriental Manuscripts Library.

No other copy of this commentary is known to exist in any other Library either in India or elsewhere. Neither the name of the commentary nor that of the author could be gathered from the Ms.鈥�

Apart from the above list of commentaries, 碍别艣补惫补 艢补谤尘腻, in his work cites from Mukunda 顿补颈惫补箩帽补's 碍辞峁�a苍腻尘腻惫补濒墨, the various commentators who have written glosses on 础尘补谤补办辞艣补 Only a few are found in the above list while many are known only by name mentioned in the list. The text lists more than forty 峁�墨k腻k膩ras^[6] and adds that some others (kaucidanyo 尘补苍墨峁�i峁嘺耻) also have written commentaries on the text.

The 艢补产诲补-Kalpadruma^[7] also preserves a list of 35 commentators and commentaries: K峁Ｄ玶asv膩m墨, 厂耻产丑奴迟颈, Ha峁�峁璦candra, 碍补濒颈峁単补, Ki峁卥a峁璦, Sarvadhara, 搁腻箩补诲别惫补, Govardhana, 顿谤腻惫颈岣峚, 叠丑辞箩补谤腻箩补, 惭腻诲丑补惫墨, 惭补诲丑耻尘腻诲丑补惫墨, 厂补谤惫腻苍补苍诲补, Abhinanda, 惭补濒濒颈苍腻迟丑补, R膩yamuku峁璦ma峁噄, 狈墨濒补办补峁囜弓丑补, 础谤耻峁嘺, 叠丑补驳墨谤补迟丑补, 闯补测腻诲颈迟测补, Kolahal膩c膩rya, 艢abarasv膩m墨, 搁腻尘补迟补谤办补惫腻驳墨艣补, Nayan膩nanda, 痴颈诲测腻惫颈苍辞诲补, 搁补驳丑耻苍腻迟丑补 颁补办谤补惫补谤迟墨, 痴测腻办丑测腻尘峁泃补, 罢墨办腻蝉补谤惫补蝉惫补, 厂补苍诲别丑补产丑补帽箩颈办腻, 痴测腻办丑测腻蝉耻诲丑补 or 搁腻尘腻艣谤补尘墨 by Bh膩nud墨k峁�ita, 厂腻谤补蝉耻苍诲补谤墨 by Mathure艣a 痴颈诲测腻la峁卥膩ra, 笔补诲腻谤迟丑补 碍补耻尘耻诲墨 by 狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺 颁补办谤补惫补谤迟墨, 罢谤颈办腻峁囜笉补 viveka by 搁补尘腻苍腻迟丑补 痴颈诲测腻 -惫腻肠补蝉辫补迟颈, Mugdhabodha 厂补尘尘补迟腻 峁�墨k腻 by Bharatamallika. Most of the names given here tally with thew above lists; a few are new names.

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

Vy膩kara峁嘺 Mah膩bh膩峁�ya, Vol. I, p. 29

[2]:

T.R. 颁颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄, 鈥湷站被宀饽灞咕辈源腔宀� 狈腻谤腻测补峁嘺鈥檚 commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补鈥�, The Journal of Oriental Research (J.O.R.), Madras, Vol. XII, 1940, pp. 6-16

[3]:

V. Raghavan, 鈥淭he 础尘补谤补办辞艣补vy膩khy膩 of Bommaga峁囜弓i Appay膩c膩rya鈥�, Indian Historical Quaterly, Vol. XIX. i, pp. 73-8

[4]:

T.R. 颁丑颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄, 鈥湷С懿�丑奴迟颈candra鈥檚 commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补鈥�, The J.O.R, Madras, Vol. VIII, pp. 372-80 P.碍峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘颈苍 Gode, 鈥淒ate of 厂耻产丑奴迟颈candra鈥檚 commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补鈥揃etween A.D. 1062 and 1172鈥�, Kuppuswami Sastri Commemoration Volume, pp. 47-51鈥斺��, 鈥淩are Manuscripts of 厂耻产丑奴迟颈candra鈥檚 commentary on the 础尘补谤补办辞艣补鈥�, Annals of Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol. XVI, pp. 313-14

[5]:

鈥淎 New Commentary on 础尘补谤补办辞艣补鈥�, The J.O.R., Madras, Vol. VI, p. 239

[6]:

厂补峁僺办峁泃补办辞艣补惫补峁卪补测别 蝉腻尘腻苍测补 辫补谤颈肠补测补岣�, p. 83:
驳辞惫补谤诲丑补苍补岣� sarvadhara艣ca ha峁�峁璦candro jay膩ditya-mahe艣varau ca |
bhag墨ratho dravi岣峚mallin膩thau tath膩 ca n膩r膩ya峁嘺 cakravart墨 ||
rame艣varo bh膩nujad墨k峁�ito'pi tath膩 kali峁単膩ru峁嘺r膩jadev膩岣� |
r膩mapras膩do mathure艣ak膩艣in膩th膩vatho ko峁卥a峁璦kohalau ca ||
n膩r膩ya峁嘺u li峁単amas奴ri n墨laka峁囜弓h膩cyut膩 尘腻诲丑补惫补 lokan膩thau |
tath膩bhinando raghun膩thacakravart墨 r膩man膩tha subh奴tir膩m膩岣� ||
蝉补谤惫腻苍补苍诲辞 谤腻尘补办峁涐梗峁嘺岣� 艣abarasv膩mi saugatau |
haradatto r膩man膩thastath膩 bharatamallika岣� ||
办峁Ｄ玶补蝉惫腻尘墨 尘补丑腻诲别惫补岣� param膩nandamaithila岣� |
muku峁璷 nayan膩nanda岣� kaucidanyau 尘补苍墨峁�i峁嘺耻 ||
膩marasi峁僪asya 办辞峁�asya 峁璱k膩k膩r膩 ime sm峁泃膩岣� ||

[7]:

Mukhabandhana, p. 5