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God of beauty in Indian mythology.

General.

A 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈 named Dharma was born from the right breast of 叠谤补丑尘腻. Dharma was very handsome. Three sons, 艢补尘补, 碍腻尘补 and 贬补谤峁�a who were exceedingly handsome, were born to him. Of them, 碍腻尘补 became the god of beauty. His wife was Rati. 艢补尘补 became the husband of 笔谤腻辫迟颈. 贬补谤峁�a had 狈补苍诲腻 for his wife. (惭补丑腻产丑腻谤补迟补 膧诲颈 Parva, Chapter 66, Verses 31-33).

In 碍腻濒颈办腻 笔耻谤腻峁嘺 we see another story about 碍腻尘补鈥檚 birth. 叠谤补丑尘腻 created ten 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈s. After that, the woman 厂补苍诲丑测腻 was created. At the very moment of her birth, 叠谤补丑尘腻 and the 笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈s were irresistibly fascinated by her charm and they sprang up from their seats. All their thoughts converged on the same object. At this time a handsome youth emerged from 叠谤补丑尘腻鈥檚 mind with a floral bow in his hands. Immediately after his birth, he asked 叠谤补丑尘腻 "Ka峁� darpay膩mi" (Whom should I make proud?) 叠谤补丑尘腻 replied鈥擫et the minds of living beings be the aim of your arrows". He suggested Rati the daughter of 顿补办峁�a, to be 碍腻尘补鈥檚 wife. Since he stirred the mind of 叠谤补丑尘腻, he got the name "MANMATHA", and since he was extremely attractive in appearance he came to be called "K膧MA". (For further details, see under "RATI.")

How 碍腻尘补deva got the name "KANDARPA".

As soon as 碍腻尘补 was born, he went to 叠谤补丑尘腻 and asked him "Ka峁� darpay膩mi?" (Whom should I make proud?). Therefore he got the name "KANDARPA". (碍补迟丑腻蝉补谤颈迟蝉腻驳补谤补).

叠谤补丑尘腻 cursed 碍腻尘补.

Once 叠谤补丑尘腻 was meditating upon Para Brahman for the purpose of creation. He felt carnal thoughts rising in his mind. At once a girl was born from his mind. She appeared before him and did obeisance to him. This girl was 厂补谤补蝉惫补迟墨. 叠谤补丑尘腻 fell in love with her. He declared that she should stay in the tongues of all living beings, and particularly at the tip of the tongues of all scholars. After that he made 厂补谤补蝉惫补迟墨 his wife. Soon he felt repentant for his weakness of mind. His anger blazed at 碍腻尘补 who was the cause of all this. He cursed that 碍腻尘补 would be burnt to ashes in the fire from 艢颈惫补鈥檚 third eye. After that 叠谤补丑尘腻 gave his carnal desire to the great sage Atri who transferred it to his wife 础苍补蝉奴测腻. It hardened itself within her and took the form of Candra, who was thus born to her. (叠谤补丑尘腻峁囜笉a 笔耻谤腻峁嘺, Chapter 43).

碍腻尘补 was burnt up in fire.

Long ago an Asura named 罢腻谤补办补, who was proud of his invincible might, was causing much havoc and terror in the whole world. Even the gods were afraid of him because he had received a boon that 艢颈惫补鈥檚 son alone was capable of killing him. It was the time when 笔腻谤惫补迟墨, the daughter of 贬颈尘补惫腻苍, was performing a penance praying that 笔补谤补尘别艣惫补谤补 should become her husband. Taking advantage of this opportunity, Indra sent 碍腻尘补 to rouse the passion of love in 艢颈惫补鈥檚 mind. 碍腻尘补 reached 艢颈惫补鈥檚 seat and tried to stir up his passions. 艢颈惫补 who was enraged at this, opened his third eye blazing with fire. 碍腻尘补 was. burnt to ashes in that fire. The place where 碍腻尘补鈥檚 body (础峁単补) fell, came to be called "础峁単补r膩jya". Since he lost his body, 碍腻尘补deva got another name "础苍补峁単补". (痴腻濒尘墨办颈 搁腻尘腻测补峁嘺. 叠腻濒补 碍腻峁囜笉补, Chapter 23).

碍腻尘补鈥檚 Next Birth.

When 艢颈惫补 burnt up 碍腻尘补, the latter鈥檚 wife Rati prayed to 艢颈惫补 to restore her husband to life. 艢颈惫补 was pleased and said that Rati would be born in the world and 碍腻尘补 would take birth as her son." (碍补迟丑腻蝉补谤颈迟蝉腻驳补谤补).

According to 艢颈惫补鈥檚 blessing Rati was born in the world under the name of 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨. She became the kitchenmaid of an Asura named 艢补尘产补谤补. At that time 艢r墨 碍峁涐梗峁嘺 approached 艢颈惫补 with a request that he should be blessed with a son. 艢颈惫补 blessed him saying that 碍腻尘补 who was burnt up in the fire of his eye would be born as the son of 搁耻办尘颈峁嚹�, 艢r墨 碍峁涐梗峁嘺鈥檚 wife. Accordingly, 搁耻办尘颈峁嚹�, conceived and a handsome child was born to her.

艢补尘产补谤补, who employed 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨 as his kitchen-maid had received a boon from 艢颈惫补. A condition laid down in it was that 艢补尘产补谤补 would die not long after 碍腻尘补deva鈥檚 birth in the world. So 艢补尘产补谤补 was making careful enquiries to ascertain whether 碍腻尘补 was born anywhere in the world. It was during this period that 艢补尘产补谤补 received the news that 碍腻尘补 had been reborn as 艢r墨 碍峁涐梗峁嘺鈥檚 son. At once he went secretly to 搁耻办尘颈峁嚹�鈥檚 house and stole the little baby and threw it into the sea. A sea-fish swallowed the child and a fisherman who caught it presented it to 艢补尘产补谤补. When 艢补尘产补谤补 cut it open, he saw a lovely baby inside the fish. He entrusted the child to 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨 to be brought up.

At this stage, the sage 狈腻谤补诲补 happened to come there and he explained to 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨 in secret, that the baby was 碍腻尘补deva and she was Rati. From that time, she brought up the child with great affection and tenderness. As years passed and 碍腻尘补 grew up into a youth, 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨 began to make amorous advances towards him. Looking upon her with regard due to a mother, 碍腻尘补 was displeased with these advances. Then she told him what 狈腻谤补诲补 had disclosed to her about their relations in the past life. She advised him to kill 艢补尘产补谤补 and to leave the place for 顿惫腻谤补办腻 as soon as possible.

As advised by her, 碍腻尘补 killed 艢补尘产补谤补 and both he and 惭腻测腻惫补迟墨 went to 顿惫腻谤补办腻 in a 痴颈尘腻苍补 and paid their respects to their parents there. In the presence of a large number of sages, 碍腻尘补 was christened "Pradyumna". Aniruddha, the husband of U峁Ｄ�, was the son of Pradyumna. Besides Aniruddha, Pradyumna had a daughter 罢峁涐梗腻.*

Other names of 碍腻尘补.

The following names have been used for 碍腻尘补 in the 笔耻谤腻峁嘺s:鈥�Madana, Manmatha, 惭腻谤补, Pradyumna, M墨naketana, Kandarpa, Darpaka, 础苍补峁単补, 碍腻尘补, 笔补帽肠补艣补谤补, 艢ambar膩ri, Manasija, Kusume峁�u, Ananyaja, Pu峁�padhanv膩, Ratipati, Makaradhvaja, 膧迟尘补产丑奴, Ir膩ja, I峁�ma, Ki峁卥ira, Abhir奴pa, G峁沝hukal膩keli, Ka帽jana, 搁补尘补峁嘺, 顿墨辫补办补, Madhud墨pa, 艢am膩ntaka, Muhira, R奴p膩stra, 痴腻尘补, Pu峁�paketana. Makaraketu, Ratin膩yaka, R膩gav峁沶ta, Sa峁僺膩raguru, Gadayitnu, M膩patya, M膩y墨.

碍腻尘补鈥檚 weapons.

碍腻尘补 has a bow made of sugarcane, its string is made up of beetles, and the tips of his arrows are flowers. His vehicle is the parrot and the sign on his banner is fish. The five flowers of his arrows are:鈥�Aravinda, 础艣辞办补, 颁奴迟补, Navam膩lik膩, N墨lotpala. Besides these, he has five more arrows which are-Unm膩dana, 罢腻辫补苍补, 艢辞峁�a峁嘺, Stambhana and Sammohana. (Amara Ko艣a).

*) From 碍补迟丑腻蝉补谤颈迟蝉腻驳补谤补 we find that Udayana and 痴腻蝉补惫补诲补迟迟腻 were the rebirths of 碍腻尘补 and Rati.