Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari
by K. A. Subramania Iyer | 1965 | 391,768 words
The English translation of the Vakyapadiya by Bhartrihari including commentary extracts and notes. The Vakyapadiya is an ancient Sanskrit text dealing with the philosophy of language. Bhartrhari authored this book in three parts and propounds his theory of Sphotavada (sphota-vada) which understands language as consisting of bursts of sounds conveyi...
This book contains Sanskrit text which you should never take for granted as transcription mistakes are always possible. Always confer with the final source and/or manuscript.
Verse 3.14.318
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of verse 3.14.318:
啶嗋ざ啷嵿ぐ啶ぞ啶｀ぞ啶� 啶灌た 啶侧た啶權啶椸啶� 啶膏ぞ 啶ㄠた啶い啷堗ぐ啷囙さ 啶啶溹啶い啷� 啷�
啶むぅ啶� 啶� 啶啶曕啶むさ啶︵啶ぞ啶掂 啶啶班い啶苦し啷囙ぇ啷� 啶ㄠた啶班ぐ啷嵿ぅ啶曕 啷� 啷┼ェ啷� 啷�膩艣ray膩峁嚹佱箖 hi li峁単ai岣� s膩 niyataireva yujyate |
tath膩 ca yuktavadbh膩ve prati峁dho nirarthaka岣� || 318 ||318. The universal is connected with the fixed gender of their substrata. Therefore, the prohibition relating to universals in connection with qualities taking the gender and number of what they are connected with is unnecessary.
Commentary
How is the universal said to have a fixed gender (腻惫颈峁ａ弓补濒颈峁単补迟腻) if it is presented by words having different genders?
[Read verse 318 above]
[Thus the universal is expressed by means of words having different genders. And yet one speaks of it as being 膩vi峁ａ弓ali峁単膩 = having a fixed gender. All the three words v峁沰峁, p膩dapa and taru mean 鈥�tree鈥� and have the masculine gender. But names of particular trees like 艣颈峁兣沘辫腻 are feminine or neuter like panasa. Some words have two genders and others like 迟补峁璦 have all the three. This is what is meant by 腻惫颈峁ａ弓补濒颈峁単补迟腻 of the universal, namely, that it is conveyed by words having a fixed gender. That is why the prohibition 补箩腻迟别岣� in P. 1.2.52. is unnecessary because words expressive of the universal do not take the gender of the word in which the taddhita suffix has been elided (lup).]