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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啷囙し啶距ぎ啶班�嵿ぇ啶苦え啷� 啶�啷佮�栢�嵿く啶距じ啷嵿い啶︵ぐ啷嵿ぇ啷囙え啶距ぐ啷嵿ぇ啶苦え啷嬥そ啶�啶班�� 啷�
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sarve峁Ｄ乵ardhino mukhy膩stadardhen膩rdhino'pare |
t峁泃墨yinast峁泃墨y膩峁兣浤伵沜aturth膩峁兣浤伵沜a p膩dina岣� || 210 ||

From among all, the chief men shall receive half; the next shall receive half of that; the 鈥榯hirders鈥� the third part and the 鈥榝ourthers鈥� the fourth part of it.鈥�(210)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁�ya):

From among the priests, 鈥�the chief ones receive half鈥�; i.e., they receive half of the fee that is prescribed for the rite as a whole.

At the Soma-sacrifice there are sixteen priests; of these the chief ones are four: the 贬辞迟峁�, the Adhvaryu, the Brahman and the 鲍诲驳腻迟峁�, and these receive one half of the total fee;鈥攖he total fee being one hundred and twelve, fifty-six go to these four men.

Half of this, that is twenty-eight, go to the 鈥�next鈥�; i.e., those four whose appointment comes after that of the four mentioned above; i.e., the 惭补颈迟谤腻惫补谤耻峁嘺, the 笔谤补迟颈辫谤补蝉迟丑腻迟峁�, the 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嚹乧肠丑补峁僺颈苍 and the 笔谤补蝉迟辞迟峁�.

The 鈥�thirders鈥� receive the 鈥�third part.鈥欌赌擳he term 鈥榩art鈥� here is synonymous with 鈥榟alf鈥�; the term 鈥榟alf鈥� does not always stand for two equal divisions; it is used also in reference to what is very near such equal divisions; hence the 鈥�third part鈥� of 鈥�fifty-six鈥� is understood to be sixteen; so that each of these four gets four.

Some people take the 鈥榯hird part鈥� as such that of the total fee; when others take it as that of fifty-six.

The four 鈥榯hirders鈥� are鈥攖he 础肠肠丑腻惫腻办补, associated with the 贬辞迟峁�, the 狈别峁ａ弓峁� connected with the Adhvaryu, the 础驳苍墨诲 with the Brahman, and the 笔谤补迟颈丑补谤迟峁� with the 鲍诲驳腻迟峁�.

The 鈥�Fourthers鈥欌赌�i.e., so called because they perform the fourth part of the rite, and also because they occupy the fourth place from the 惭补颈迟谤腻惫补谤耻峁嘺鈥� receive 鈥�the fourth part鈥欌赌�i.e., twelve鈥攐f the whole; this number being got at in the same manner as before.

This same method of distribution is to be employed also in the case of the rite of Initiation, where the fee is laid down as 鈥榓 hundred鈥�; where also the 鈥榟alfers鈥� and 鈥榝ourthers鈥� help in the performance.

The practice, that, we have found prescribed elsewhere we have described in connection with the present text also.鈥�(210)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

The total fee being 112, the shares are 56, 28, 16, 12 (Medh膩tithi);鈥攖he total being 100, the shares are 48, 24, 16, 12 (R膩ghav膩nanda, N膩r膩ya峁嘺 and Kull奴ka); [Buhler wrongly puts the last figure as 8];鈥攖he total fee shall be divided into 25 shares and the several classes shall receive 12, 6, 4 and 3 respectively.

This verse is quoted in 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补 (p. 118), which adds the following notes:鈥擜t the 闯测辞迟颈峁ａ弓辞尘补, 100 cows have been laid down as the fee for the 16 priests; and the present rule prescribes what part of it is to be given to which priest; the four 鈥榩rincipal鈥� priests鈥�e.g., the 贬辞迟峁�, Adhvaryu Brahman and 鲍诲驳腻迟峁�鈥攁re 鈥�补谤诲丑颈苍补岣�鈥�, entitled to one half; with a view to the total available, this 鈥榦ne half must be understood to be 48; so that 48 cows are to be given to the principal priests鈥�;鈥攖he next class, consisting of the 惭补颈迟谤腻惫补谤耻峁嘺, 笔谤补迟颈辫谤补蝉迟丑腻迟峁�, 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺肠肠丑补峁僺颈 and 笔谤补蝉迟辞迟峁� are to receive half of the 鈥榟alf-sharers鈥�, i.e., 24 cows have to be given to these;鈥攖he next class, consisting of the 础肠肠丑腻惫腻办补, 狈别峁ａ弓谤, 础驳苍墨诲hra and 笔谤补迟颈丑补谤迟峁�, are entitled to a third part of the 鈥榟alf-sharers鈥�; so that they are to receive 16 cows;鈥攖he last class consisting of the 骋谤腻惫补蝉迟辞迟峁�, 狈别迟峁�, 笔辞迟峁� and 厂耻产谤补丑尘补峁噛补, are to receive a quarter of the 鈥榟alf-sharers鈥�; so that these receive 12 cows.鈥擳his division, it adds, his based upon the text 鈥�ardhino d墨k峁�ayati鈥� which actually names the priests 鈥�补谤诲丑颈苍补岣�,鈥� 鈥榟alf-sharers鈥�, and so forth.

It is quoted in 惭颈迟腻办峁�a谤腻 (2.265), which lays down the same classification and division as the 痴颈惫腻诲补谤补迟苍腻办补谤补. It raises the following question:鈥斺�淭his division cannot be acceptable, as we find neither any convention to the effect, nor is the fee of the nature of capital jointly raised, nor is there any Vedic text actually prescribing such shares. So that, under the circumstances, the most equitable division would be that every one should receive an equal share, according to the rule laid down in 惭墨尘腻峁僺腻-蝉奴迟谤补鈥斺赌�Samam sy膩t a艣rutatv膩t鈥�, 鈥榠t must be equal, as nothing else has been directly prescribed鈥�; or that each one should receive what is due to him in consideration of the work actually done by him.鈥濃�擨t answers this objection as follows:鈥擴nless we accept the division suggested, we cannot account for the names 鈥�补谤诲丑颈苍补岣�鈥� (half sharers), 鈥�罢峁泃墨测颈苍补岣�鈥� (third sharers), and 鈥�笔腻诲颈苍补岣�鈥�(quarter sharers), which we find in a text in connection with the 顿惫腻诲补艣腻丑补 sacrifice, which has the 闯测辞迟颈峁ａ弓辞尘补 for its archetype; these names would be meaningless if they were not taken as indicating the share of the priests in the sacrificial fee.

It is quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 837), which adds that though the first class of priests gets only 48, which is not quite half of 100, yet it is very close to it; hence they may be called 鈥楬alf sharers鈥�; it has the same division as in 惭颈迟腻办峁�a谤腻.

It is quoted in 厂尘峁泃颈迟补迟迟惫补 (p. 739);鈥攁nd in 碍峁泃测补办补濒辫补迟补谤耻 (90a), which adds the following explanation:鈥斺赌�厂补谤惫别峁Ｄ乵鈥�, among the sixteen priests engaged in the sarcrifice, out of the 100 cows, the prescribed sacrificial fee, one half is to go to the principal priests, viz., 贬辞迟峁�, Br膩hma峁嘺, Adhvaryu and 鲍诲驳腻迟峁�; even though they may receive a little less than the exact one half, they may be called 鈥�补谤诲丑颈苍补岣�鈥�, 鈥楬alfers鈥�; the second set, consisting of the 惭补颈迟谤腻惫补谤耻峁嘺, 叠谤腻丑尘补峁嘺肠肠丑补峁僺颈n, 笔谤补迟颈辫谤补蝉迟丑腻迟峁� and 笔谤补蝉迟辞迟峁�, are entitled to half of what is received by the former set; the third set, consisting of the 础肠肠丑腻惫腻办补, 础驳苍墨诲hra, 狈别峁�t峁� and 笔谤补迟颈丑补谤迟峁�, receive the third part of what is received by the first set;鈥攁nd the fourth set, consisting of the 骋谤腻惫补蝉迟耻迟, 狈别迟峁�, 鲍苍苍别迟峁� and 厂耻产谤补丑尘补峁噛补, receive the fourth part of what is received by the first set.