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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶侧�嬥き啶距い啷� 啶膏す啶膏�嵿ぐ啶� 啶︵ぃ啷嵿ぁ啷嵿く啶膏�嵿い啷� 啶�啷嬥す啶距い啷� 啶�啷傕ぐ啷嵿さ啶� 啶む�� 啶膏ぞ啶灌じ啶�啷� 啷�
啶�啶�啶距う啷� 啶︵�嵿さ啷� 啶�啶о�嵿く啶�啷� 啶︵ぃ啷嵿ぁ啷� 啶�啷堗い啷嵿ぐ啶距い啷� 啶�啷傕ぐ啷嵿さ啶� 啶氞い啷佮ぐ啷嵿�椸�佮ぃ啶�啷� 啷� 啷оエ啷� 啷�

lobh膩t sahasra峁� da峁囜笉yastu 尘辞丑腻迟 p奴rva峁� tu s膩hasam |
bhay膩d dvau madhyamau da峁囜笉au maitr膩t p奴rva峁� caturgu峁嘺m || 120 ||

If through greed, he should be fined a thousand; if through embarrassment, the lowest amercement; if through fear, two middlling ones; if through friendship, four times the first.鈥�(120)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (manubh膩峁�ya):

When the man deposes falsely after receiving a bribe from another person, his motive is greed.

鈥�Through embarrassment.鈥欌�擳hough the man may be quite truthful, habituated to speak in strict accordance with what he has actually seen, yet on account of some distraction of the mind, at the time of his examination, he may be so confused as to be unable either to comprehend the question or to recall the exact facts of the case, and thereby he may make statements that are not true; in this case the reason is 鈥�embarrassment.鈥�

鈥�Fright鈥� is fear, in the form of the suspicion鈥斺�榠f this man was to lose the case through my telling the truth, he would ruin me by injuring my relations, or by making me suffer financially.鈥�

鈥�One thousand;鈥欌�攚hat is that to which this number appertains is to be learnt from other passages: they are 鈥�辫补峁嘺蝉.鈥�

鈥�Lowest amercement鈥欌�攊.e. 250 辫补峁嘺蝉, as described under 138 below.

鈥�Two middling ones鈥欌�攊.e., amercements; the number being changed into the dual.

鈥�Four times the first,鈥欌�攊.e. 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉.

It is through metrical considerations that the same idea is expressed in various ways.鈥�(120)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

This verse is quoted in 笔补谤腻艣补谤补尘腻诲丑补惫补 (Vyavah膩ra, p. 82);鈥攁nd in 惭颈迟腻办峁�a谤腻 (on 2.811), which adds the following notes鈥斺��Lobha鈥� is greed for wealth,鈥斺赌�moha鈥�, wrong information,鈥斺赌�bhaya鈥�, fear,鈥斺赌�尘补颈迟谤墨鈥�, too much affection,鈥斺赌�办腻尘补鈥�, longing for intercourse with women,鈥斺赌�krodha鈥�, anger. It adds that the 1,000 and other numbers refer to so many copper 辫补峁嘺蝉.

It is quoted in 础辫补谤腻谤办补 (p. 680), which adds the following notes:鈥擳he numbers here mentioned refer to k膩r峁Ｄ伇璨贯箛a蝉. Some people might think that there are two kinds of perjury鈥攐ne through greed and the rest, for which the penalty shall he as prescribed by Manu, and another due to other causes, for which the penalty would be that prescribed by 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (2.81). But this would not he the right view, because as already shown by Manu (in 118), people commit perjury only through greed and other causes enumerated therein.

It is quoted in 痴颈惫腻诲补肠颈苍迟腻尘补峁噄 (p. 191), which says:鈥擨f the witness lie, through avarice, he should he fined 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉,鈥攊f through delusion, 250 辫补峁嘺蝉,鈥攊f through fear 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉,鈥攊f through friendliness 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉;鈥攁nd in 碍峁泃测补办补濒辫补迟补谤耻 (37a), which says that 鈥榯housand鈥� 辫补峁嘺蝉 are meant,鈥斺赌�尘辞丑腻迟鈥� means 鈥榯hrough absent-mindedness鈥欌�攖hat 鈥�p奴rva s膩hasa鈥� stands for 250 辫补峁嘺蝉,鈥斺赌�dvau madhyamau鈥� means 鈥�dvau madhyamau s膩hasau鈥�, which means 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉,鈥斺赌�辫奴谤惫补尘鈥� means 鈥榝irst amercement鈥�, four times of which means 1,000 辫补峁嘺蝉.

 

Comparative notes by various authors

(verses 8.118-123)

See Comparative notes for Verse 8.118.