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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶呧え啷嵿い啶班�嵿�椸い啶多さ啷� 啶椸�嵿ぐ啶距ぎ啷� 啶掂�冟し啶侧じ啷嵿�� 啶� 啶膏え啷嵿え啶苦ぇ啷� 啷�
啶呧え啶о�嵿く啶距く啷� 啶班�佮う啷嵿く啶�啶距え啷� 啶膏ぎ啶掂ぞ啶�啷� 啶溹え啶膏�嵿�� 啶� 啷� 啷оウ啷� 啷�

antargata艣ave gr膩me v峁涐梗alasya ca sannidhau |
anadhy膩yo rudyam膩ne samav膩ye janasya ca || 108 ||

In water, at midnight, during the evacuation of the bladder and the bowels, while one is unclean, when one has eaten at a 艣r膩ddha, one shall not even think in his mind (of the Veda).鈥�(109)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补):

The fourth 鈥�尘耻丑奴谤迟补鈥� of the night is 鈥�midnight,鈥� which is also called 鈥�尘补丑腻苍颈艣腻,鈥� 鈥楧eep Night.鈥� Two 鈥�尘耻丑奴谤迟补s鈥� before, and two 鈥�尘耻丑奴谤迟补s鈥� after this 鈥榤idnight,鈥� it is unfit for study.

鈥�In water;鈥欌赌�i.e., while standing in a river or tank or some such reservoir of water. Since the context is dealing with

鈥榁edic study,鈥� the repeating of Vedic texts鈥攕uch as 鈥�础驳丑补尘补谤峁�a苍补,鈥� and the rest鈥攊n water is not forbidden.

Some people read 鈥�udaye鈥� for 鈥�udake;鈥� which means that it is unfit for study when the sun has just risen.

鈥�Unclean;鈥欌赌�i.e., while he has not washed, after having taken his food. One is also called 鈥榰nclean鈥� before one has washed, after having evacuated the bladder or the bowels. Some people explain that the term 鈥�unclean鈥� stands for all those impure conditions that require washing; so that spitting also would become included.

鈥�Even in his mind.鈥欌�擳his does not mean that on other occasions unfit for study, the thinking of Vedic texts is permitted; all that it means is that the conditions here mentioned are more serious than the rest.鈥�(109)

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

This verse is quoted in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 538);鈥攊n 厂尘峁泃颈肠补苍诲谤颈办腻 (Sa峁僺k膩ra, p. 163);鈥攊n 贬别尘腻诲谤颈 (K膩la, p. 773);鈥攁nd in 骋补诲腻诲丑补谤补辫补诲诲丑补迟颈 (K膩la, p. 195), which explains 鈥�尘补诲丑测补谤腻迟谤颈鈥� as during four 尘耻丑奴谤迟补s at the middle of the night.鈥�

 

Comparative notes by various authors

Gautama (16.11, 12, 18, 34, 46).鈥斺�極n evacuating the bladder and the bowels;鈥攁t midnight, during the twilights and in water;鈥攊n the cremation-ground, in the outskirts of the village, on the public thorough fare and during impurities.鈥擮ne day and night is to be regarded as unfit for study on the completion of the Veda, or vomitting, or eating at 艢r膩ddha and at sacrifices to men. According to some people, in the city it is always unfit for study.鈥�

叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (1.11.26, 30).鈥斺�極n accepting a gift in honour of the Pi峁璻s, and on eating at 艢r膩ddha, the rest of the day is unfit for study. At birth and at death, there is to be no study, oven in the mind.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补 Dharmas奴tra (1.10.26).鈥斺�楢fter dining at night.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补 (11.17, 25, 26).鈥斺�榃hile immersed in water;鈥攚hen there is lightning, when it is thundering, or after eating at 艢r膩ddha, during a fog, they forbid even mental study.鈥�

Do. (32.12).鈥斺�楧uring the night, there is to be no teaching except moral teaching to the pupils.鈥�

痴颈峁ａ箛耻 (30.16).鈥斺�楴ot in water.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补 (1.149).鈥斺�業n an unclean place, or when one is unclean, during lightning and thunder, after eating while the hands are still wet, in water, at midnight, or when very high winds are blowing.鈥�

笔腻谤补蝉办补谤补 (2.11.2, 4).鈥斺�極n eating at 艢r膩ddha, on the falling of meteors, on earthquake, at fiery portents, at the junction of two seasons,鈥攖here should be no study till the next day; after meals while the hands are wet, in water, or midnight, during the two twilights, while a dead body is lying in the village, and while a Ca峁囜笉膩la is in the village.鈥�