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Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation by Ganganath Jha:

啶呧え啷佮し啷嵿ぃ啶距き啶苦ぐ啶�啷囙え啶距き啶苦ぐ啶︵�嵿き啶苦じ啷嵿い啷�啶班�嵿ぅ啷囙�� 啶оぐ啷嵿ぎ啶掂た啶む�� 啷�
啶多�屶�氞�囙お啷嵿じ啷佮�� 啶膏ぐ啷嵿さ啶︵ぞ啶洁�氞ぞ啶�啷囙う啷囙�曕ぞ啶ㄠ�嵿い啷� 啶�啷嵿ぐ啶距�椸�佮う啶權�嵿ぎ啷佮�栢�� 啷� 啷�啷� 啷�

anu峁ａ箛膩bhiraphen膩bhiradbhist墨rthena dharmavit |
艣aucepsu岣� sarvad膩'c膩med别办腻苍迟别 辫谤腻驳耻诲补峁卪耻办丑补岣� || 61 ||

One who knows his duties, when desiring cleanliness, should always sip, through the proper receptacle, water which is neither hot nor frothy,鈥攊n solitude, with his face towards the North or the East.鈥�(61)

 

Medh膩tithi鈥檚 commentary (尘补苍耻产丑腻峁�y补):

鈥�Hot鈥� hero stands for boiled; elsewhere we read that the sipping should be done 鈥榳ith unboiled water.鈥� So that the prohibition docs not apply to such water as is naturally hot, or has imbibed the beat of the hot atmosphere.

鈥�Froth鈥� is meant to include 鈥榖ubbles鈥� also, as elsewhere we read that 鈥榯he water should be free from froth and bubbles.鈥�

The terms 鈥�through the proper receptacle鈥� and 鈥�one who knows his duties鈥� have been added only for the purpose of filling up the metre.

鈥�Desiring cleanliness鈥欌赌攕eeking to attain cleanliness, i.e., purity. The sense is that without the sipping of water he can never be clean.

鈥�Always鈥欌赌�i.e., not only at the timo of eating, as would seem implied by the fact of the rule occurring in the section on 鈥榚ating,鈥欌赌攂ut also at other times, when, for instance, one seeks cleanliness after passing urine or stool, etc.

Though 鈥榳ater鈥� is the object of the act of sipping, yet it is put in the Instrumental Case, with a view to indicate that what is prescribed is meant to be applicable not only to the water that is sipped but also to that which forms the instrument in such acts as the washing of the feet and the like. What we hold is that in the act of sipping also the water is only the 鈥榠nstrument鈥�; specially as the sipping does not constitute the sanctification of the water (in which case alone the water could be the 鈥榦bject鈥�).

鈥�In solitude鈥欌赌�i.e., in a clean place; a solitary place, being uncrowded by people, is generally clean.

鈥�With his face towards the North or the East鈥�;鈥攖he term 鈥榝ace鈥� is to be construed along with each of the two terms (鈥楨ast鈥� and 鈥楴orth鈥�); as 骋补耻峁璦尘补 (1.35) says that 鈥榯he man should face either the North or the East.鈥� The compound should be expounded as 鈥榟e who has his face towards the North, East鈥�; the compound being a pure 叠补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈, not a 叠补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈 containing another copulative compound [i.e., we cannot expound the compound as 鈥楴orth and East,鈥� and then compound this with the term 鈥�mukha,鈥� the sense in this case being 鈥榦ne having his face towards the North and the East鈥橾. If wo made tho 叠补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈 contain a copulative compound, then if the compound 鈥�辫谤腻峁卽诲补办鈥� were taken as an aggregative copulative, it should have an additional 鈥�a鈥� at the end; nor could it be taken as a segregative copulative. Further, it is not possible for the man to face both the North and the East at one and the same time; for in that case, the rule would mean that one part of the sipping should be done with face towards the North, and another part of it with face towards the East; and this would mean that the sipping is not done at one place. Then again, the directions mentioned do not form the principal factor in the predicate of the sentence, which alone could justify their being taken reciprocally; nor does the term 鈥�辫谤腻峁卽诲补办鈥� from a well-known name of the North-East quarter, in the manner in which 鈥�诲补办峁�i苍补- 辫奴谤惫补鈥� does of the South-East quarter; hence there can be no justification for the compound being taken as a containing another compound name of a particular quarter, [i.e., we cannot take 鈥�辫谤腻峁卽诲补办鈥� as the name of the North-East quarter and then compound it with 鈥�mukha鈥橾. For these reasons the. compound cannot be taken as a 鈥�叠补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈鈥� containing within itself another compound. From all this it follows that option, is meant; as is clearly laid down in another 厂尘峁泃颈鈥斺�楢cts of cleanliness should be begun with

face towards the North or the East鈥� (骋补耻峁璦尘补 1.35). This option is just like the option that we have in the case of the 厂腻尘补苍 to be sung at the 峁�a岣峯丑补 sacrifice, where the injunction being in the form that 鈥榯he 叠峁沨补诲谤补迟丑补苍迟补谤补 厂腻尘补苍 should be sung,鈥� what is actually done is that on some days of the sacrifice (which lasts for six days) they sing the 鈥�叠峁沨补迟鈥� while on other the 鈥�Rathantara鈥� 厂腻尘补苍; and never on any one day do they ever sing both the 厂腻尘补苍s.鈥�(61)

The 鈥榮ipping,鈥� as consisting of the drinking of water, has been prescribed; but the exact quantity of the water to be sipped has not yet been laid down. Hence the Text now proceeds to define the precise measure (of the water to be sipped):鈥�

 

Explanatory notes by Ganganath Jha

This verse is quoted in 痴墨谤补尘颈迟谤辞诲补测补 (膧hnika, p. 66), where it is explained that what the epithet 鈥�补苍耻峁ａ箛补产丑颈岣�鈥� means is that the water should not be heated by fire, as is distinctly stated by Vi峁ａ箛u;鈥攁gain on page 77, where it is stated to be the injunction of 腻肠补尘补苍补 in general, for all the three castes;鈥攁lso on page 79, where it is added that 鈥�别办腻苍迟别鈥� means not crowded,鈥攚here alone the mind can be calm and collected,鈥攁s is laid down by Vi峁ａ箛u.

On the tern 鈥�辫谤腻驳耻诲补峁卪耻办丑补岣�,鈥� this work has the following note, criticising Medh膩tithi鈥檚 explanation:鈥斺�淭he term 辫谤腻驳耻诲补峁卪耻办丑补岣� must mean the north-east quarter, on the strength of the declaration of 贬腻谤墨迟补; and in the 艢ruti also we see the term used in the sense of the north-east鈥�e. g. in the passage referring to the branch of the 笔补濒腻艣补 迟谤别别鈥�

鈥�笔谤腻肠丑墨尘腻丑补谤补迟颈, 耻诲墨肠丑墨尘腻丑补谤补迟颈, pr膩g耻诲墨肠丑墨尘腻丑补谤补迟颈鈥� and also in 碍腻迟测腻测补苍补蝉奴迟谤补, where it is said鈥斺��辫谤腻驳耻诲补办prava峁嘺m devayajanam,鈥� where the term 鈥�辫谤腻驳耻诲补办鈥� stands for the north-east. For these reasons the assertion of Medh膩tithi鈥攖hat 鈥榯he term 辫谤腻驳耻诲补办 being never found used in the sense of north-east, it should not be explained as such,鈥欌赌攎ust be disregarded. Medh膩tithi has explained the compound 辫谤腻驳耻诲耻峁卪耻办丑补岣� as a 叠补丑耻惫谤墨丑颈 compound composed of three terms, whereby the meaning comes to be that the man must face the East or the North.鈥�

The writer has conveniently ignored Medh膩tithi鈥檚 reference to Gautama 1.35, in support of his interpretation.

The second half of the verse is quoted in 艢耻诲诲丑颈-办补耻尘耻诲墨 (p. 339);鈥攁nd in 贬别尘腻诲谤颈 (艢r膩ddha, p. 983), which notes that 鈥�补苍耻峁ａ箛腻产丑颈岣�鈥� is meant to prohibit the water heated by fire.

 

Comparative notes by various authors

叠辞诲丑腻测补苍腻-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补, 1. 5. 14.鈥斺�榃ater-sipping should never be done with the lingers, nor with such water as has hubbies or foam, is brackish or saltish, or muddy, or discoloured, or foul-smelling.鈥�

叠补耻诲丑腻测补苍补 (V墨ra-膧hnika, p. 71).鈥斺�楽ipping should not be done with water left over after washing the feet; or if this has to be done, it should be done after pouring out some of the water on the ground.鈥�

膧辫补蝉迟补尘产补-顿丑补谤尘补蝉奴迟谤补, 5. 15. 4-7.鈥斺�榃ater should not bo sipped out of rain-showers; nor out of cavities in the Earth; nor with warm water, without reason.鈥� [鈥楻eason鈥� such as sickness.] [Hut according to Va艣i峁ａ弓ha, if the cavity contained water enough for satisfying the cow, which is not unclean, then, it may be used.]

Va艣i峁ａ弓ha-厂尘峁泃颈, 3. 36.鈥斺�楽ipping should not be done with water with bad colour, bad smell or bad taste, or that proceeding from an unclean source.鈥�

Vi峁ａ箛u-厂尘峁泃颈, 62. 5.鈥斺�楽eated in a clean place, with arms between the knees, facing the East or the North, with happy and concentrated mind, he should sip water, which is not fire-heated, which is free from foam, which has not been brought by the 艢奴dra, and which is not brackish.鈥�

驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补, 1.20.鈥斺�榃ith water in its natural condition, free from bubbles and foam.鈥�

骋辞产丑颈濒补-骋峁沨测补蝉奴迟谤补, 1.2.22-23.鈥斺�榃ith water, not hot, nor with bubbles.鈥�

艢补峁卥丑补 (V墨ra-膧hnika, p. 66).鈥斺�榃ith water pulled out, which is free from bubbles and foam, not heated by fire, nor brackish.鈥�

Gautama and 艢补峁卥丑补-Likhita (Do., p. 67).鈥斺�楴ot with water fetched by a 艢奴dra or an unclean person or by one hand.鈥� 碍奴谤尘补辫耻谤腻峁嘺 (Do.).鈥斺�榃ith water which is not brackish and which has not been fetched by a 艢奴dra or by an unclean person; nor with water brought with one hand.鈥�

厂补峁僾补谤迟补 (Do.).鈥斺�楴ever with water offered by a 艢奴dra or an unclean person, or with one hand.鈥�

艢补峁卥丑补-Likhita (Do., p. 68).鈥斺�榃ith water pulled out, purified, examined, not brackish, nor heated, nor with foam and bubbles.鈥�

Pracetas (Do., p. 69).鈥斺�極ne should twice, thrice or four times sip water, without making any sound, which is not hot, nor with foam, which has been purified by cloth and by the eve,鈥攔eaching the heart.鈥�

贬腻谤墨迟补 (Do., p. 70).鈥斺�楴or with water which has not been looked into, which is hot or unclean; discoloured or foul-smelling or foamy.鈥�

笔补谤腻艣补谤补 (Do., p. 71).鈥斺�楽ipping should not be done with water fetched by a 艢奴dra, or with one hand, or by one who has not kept the observances, or by an unknown person.鈥�

Yama (笔补谤腻艣补谤补m膩dhava, p. 222).鈥斺�業t has been declared that at night, the wise men may be purified by even such water as has not been looked into; as also for sick men.鈥�