Upasana, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补: 27 definitions
Introduction:
Upasana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Shilpashastra (iconography)
: Red Zambala: Hindu Icons and Symbols | Introduction鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ):鈥擳he Upani峁ds prescribe many techniques for spiritual advancement but the most prominent of them is 耻辫腻蝉补苍腻. 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (upa + 腻蝉ana) literally means –鈥榮itting near鈥� and refers to the act of meditation. The term Up腻蝉腻苍腻 can be translated as worship, contemplation, devotion, the making of offerings etc.
The icons are primarily used for this practice of 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻. They not merely 鈥渞epresentations鈥� of the Godhead but are in fact a 鈥渇ocus鈥� or 鈥渓ocus鈥� of the presence of the Godhead. This means that God is actually present in the icons.
Shilpashastra (啶多た啶侧啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 艣ilpa艣腻蝉tra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: N腻峁瓂a-艣腻蝉tra鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�, 鈥減acification鈥�) refers to 鈥榩ropitiation鈥� or pacification of an angered. 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 represents one of the thirteen pratimukhasandhi, according to the N腻峁瓂a艣腻蝉tra chapter 21. This element is also known by the name Paryup腻蝉ana. Pratimukhasandhi refers to the 鈥�segments (sandhi) of the progressing part (pratimukha)鈥� and represents one of the five segments of the plot (颈迟颈惫峁泃迟补 or vastu) of a dramatic composition (苍腻峁璦办补).
Natyashastra (啶ㄠぞ啶熰啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 苍腻峁瓂补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya鈥攖heatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)
: Pure Bhakti: Bhagavad-gita (4th edition)鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ) refers to 鈥渟piritual practices鈥�. (cf. Glossary page from 艢谤墨尘补诲-叠丑补驳补惫补诲-骋墨迟腻).
: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ) refers to:鈥擲piritual practices, especially worship of the Deity. 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 literally means 鈥榯o sit near.鈥� It refers to all those activities by which one approaches the Lord in order to offer worship. (cf. Glossary page from 艢r墨 B峁沨ad-bh腻gavat腻m峁泃a).
Vaishnava (啶掂啶粪啶｀さ, vai峁ａ箛ava) or vaishnavism (vai峁ａ箛avism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).
Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)
: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts (mantra)鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�) refers to 鈥渃onstant concentration (on a mantra)鈥�, as discussed in chapter 42 of the 尝补办峁墨迟补苍迟谤补: a P腻帽car腻tra text comprising some 3600 Sanskrit verses exclusively devoted to Goddess Lak峁墨 or 艢r墨 (the consort of Vi峁ａ箛u) besides dealing with cosmology and practical regarding Vaishnava priests and temple-building programs.鈥擠escription of the chapter [迟腻谤补尘补苍迟谤补-耻辫腻蝉补苍补-办谤补尘补]: Indra asks about the recitation of the 迟腻谤颈办腻尘补苍迟谤补 (as a vrata), and Lak峁墨 answers at some length by saying that one should begin the (vrata) recitation during the dark fortnight of the month and continue from the eighth through the twelfth day, observing certain rigors of moral restraint. [...]
Mantrashastra (啶多た啶侧啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 尘补苍迟谤补艣腻蝉迟谤补) refers to the ancient Indian science of mantras鈥攃hants, incantations, spells, magical hymns, etc. Mantra Sastra literature includes many ancient books dealing with the methods reciting mantras, identifying and purifying its defects and the science behind uttering or chanting syllables.
Pancaratra (worship of N腻r腻ya峁嘺)
: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�) refers to 鈥渃ontemplation preliminary to liturgical worship鈥�, as discussed in chapter 2 of the 厂腻迟迟惫补迟补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: one of the most ancient of P腻帽car腻tra 膧gamas consisting of roughly 3500 verses which stresses the theological standpoint of the oneness of God despite his various 惫测奴丑补蝉 (modes of existence), vibhavas (manifestations) and 补惫补迟腻谤补蝉 (incarnations).鈥擠escription of the chapter [耻辫腻蝉补苍补-惫颈诲丑颈]: Sa峁僰ar峁峁嘺 asks to know what method is to be used in worship. Bhagav腻n says that the four 惫测奴丑补蝉 of the Lord may be worshipped by means of mantras, which mantras are normally only for Brahmin鈥檚 use but which, after (P腻帽car腻tra) initiation, may be employed by any devotee of any class-origin (1-12). [...]
Pancaratra (啶ぞ啶炧啶氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p腻帽car腻tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
General definition (in Hinduism)
: WikiPedia: Hinduism'Upasana' in Sanskrit literally means "Sitting near" but normally the term is used in Hinduism to denote a prescribed method for approaching a Deity or God or getting close to a deity/deities. In the Vedas, some Upasanas are prescribed whereby one meditates on the all-pervading Brahman as some aspect of creation, such as fire, water, directions, food, mind, joy, etc. Thus, Upasana can be described as a systematic practice of a prescribed method of worship for pleasing and winning the attention of the deity or it can be a deity-less practice of austerities involving meditating upon some aspect of nature as told in specific Vedic Upasanas. Normally such prescriptions of worship or meditational methods are taken from various Hindu scriptures, mainly the Puranas and Vedas. A devotee would consult the scriptures, or a person who knows them thoroughly, to get a prescribed form of worship (Upasana) for his/her deity of choice (Ishta Devata) and follow it faithfully to the best of his/her abilities.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ) refers to the 鈥渁ttendance on kings鈥�, according to chapter 1.2 [腻诲墨艣惫补谤补-肠补谤颈迟谤补] of Hemacandra鈥檚 11th century Tri峁峁ａ弓i艣al腻k腻puru峁caritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism. Accordingly, 鈥淸...] From that time, the first artisans, the potters, arose. For the sake of houses for the people, the Lord appointed carpenters. [...] Worship of elephants, etc., archery, medicine, attendance on kings [viz., 耻辫腻蝉补苍腻], etc., battle, science of politics, binding, beating, killing, and organizations arose then鈥�.
Note: 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 is explained (膧va艣yakas奴tra p. 199b) as either 苍腻辫颈迟补办补谤尘补, barbers鈥� work, or attendance on gurus, kings, etc. As the barbers have already been disposed of, the latter seems more plausible.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
: What is India: Epigraphia Indica volume XXXI (1955-56)鲍辫腻蝉补苍补, from which up腻蝉an墨 is derived, generally means 鈥榳orship鈥� and 鈥榬eligious meditation鈥�; but according to the Y腻j帽avalkya-sm峁泃i, III, 45, it also indicates 鈥榮acred fire鈥�.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryup腻蝉ana : (nt.) service; attendance; archery; training (of some art).
: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary1) 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补, 2 (nt.) (fr. up腻蝉ati) 鈥� 1. archery J. VI, 448; usually in phrase kat没p腻蝉ana skilled in archery M. I, 82; S. II, 266; A. II, 48; J. IV, 211; Mhvs 24, 1.鈥�Miln. 232 (掳峁� sikkhitv腻).鈥�2. practice Miln. 419.鈥�3. in 掳蝉腻l腻 gymnasium, training ground Miln. 352. (Page 150)
2) 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补, 1 (nt.) (fr. up腻蝉ati) attendance, service, honour S. I, 46 (sama峁嚶�); Th. 1, 239; Miln. 115. Cp. payir掳. (Page 150)
: Sutta: Pali Word Grammar from Pali Myanmar Dictionary1) up腻蝉ana (醼メ�曖��炨��) [(na) (醼�)]鈥�
摆耻辫补+腻蝉补+测耻闭
摆醼メ赌�+醼♂赌赌�+醼氠赌痌
2) up腻蝉ana (醼メ�曖��炨��) [(na) (醼�)]鈥�
摆耻辫补+补蝉补+测耻锛�,峁紟39惫补闭
[醼メ��+醼♂��+醼氠�亱 醼撫��斸�横亰 醼嬦�亱 醽冡亯醼漖
[Pali to Burmese]
: Sutta: Tipi峁璦ka P腻岣穒-Myanmar Dictionary (醼愥��曖��嬦��-醼曖��犪��欋�坚�斸�横�欋�� 醼♂�樶��撫��斸��)1) up腻蝉ana鈥�
(Burmese text): 醼溼�贬�羔�♂�愥�愥�横��醼�� 醼炨�勧�横�氠�搬�溼�贬�丰��醼会�勧�丰�横�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醼愥�贬��勧�� 醼曖�贬���醼横亰 醼炨��)醽� 醼欋�坚��羔�曖�呩�横�溼�贬�丰��醼会�勧�丰�横�佱�坚�勧�横�羔亰 (醼撫��斸�横亰 醼炨�会亰 醼炨�呩��)醽� 醼欋�坚��羔�曖�呩�横�♂�愥�愥�� (醼メ�曖�呩��)醽�
(Auto-Translation): Training in four skills. (Compass, carpentry). Practicing archery, (physics, carpentry, wood). Skill in archery (metaphor).
2) up腻蝉ana鈥�
(Burmese text): (醽�) 醼欋�踞��濁��-醼嗎�娽�横�羔��醼曖��-醼佱�会�夅�横�羔��醼曖��-醼佱�坚�勧�横�羔亱 (醼愥��) (醽�) 醼欋�踞��濁�册�嗎�娽�横�羔��醼曖��-醼♂�曖�横�炨�贬�亱 (醽�) 醼欋�踞��濁��-醼嗎�娽�横�羔��醼曖�横�涐��栣�坚�呩�横�炨�贬�� (醼�醼欋�贯�欋�嬦�贯�屷��斸�横�羔�♂��涐���)醽�
(Auto-Translation): (1) Imbalance - connection - attachment - action. (specific) (2) Related to imbalance connection. (3) Relating to imbalance connection (object of perception).
Pali is the language of the Tipi峁璦ka, which is the sacred canon of Therav腻da Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha鈥檚 speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryupa蝉腻峁嘺 (啶夃お啶膏ぞ啶�).鈥攆 C (Or 耻产补蝉腻峁嘺) Musty or mouldy smell. v y膿, pa岣峚.
--- OR ---
耻辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ).鈥攆 (S) Worship or religious service. The distinctions are 腻tm艒p腻蝉a苍腻, karm艒p腻蝉a苍腻, j帽腻- n艒p腻蝉a苍腻 q. v. in loc. 2 Observing or keeping (an ordinance, a rite, a mantra).
: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishupa蝉腻峁嘺 (啶夃お啶膏ぞ啶�).鈥�f Musty or mouldy smell.
--- OR ---
耻辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ).鈥�f Worship or religious service. Observing (a rite, &c.).
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�) or 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ).鈥�
1) Service, serving, attendance, waiting upon; 啶多啶侧 啶栢げ啷嬥お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ啶む (艣墨la峁� khalop腻蝉a苍腻t) (惫颈苍补艣测补迟颈); 啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ啶啶む啶� 啶た啶む啶� 啶膏啶� 啶膏啶溹啶い啷� (耻辫腻蝉补苍腻metya pitu岣� sma s峁沯yate) N.1.34; Pa帽catantra (Bombay) 1.169; Manusm峁泃i 3.17; Bhagavadg墨t腻 (Bombay) 13.7; Y.3.156; 叠丑补谤迟峁沨补谤颈 2.42.
2) Engaging in, being intent on, performing; 啶膏啶椸啶ぢ� (蝉补峁僩墨迟补掳) M峁沜chaka峁璱ka 6; 啶膏え啷嵿ぇ啷嵿く啶韭� (蝉补苍诲丑测腻掳) Manusm峁泃i 2.69.
3) Worship, respect, adoration.
4) Practice of archery.
5) Regarding as, reflecting upon.
6) Religious meditation. 啶� 啶曕ぐ啷嵿ぎ啶膏ぞ啶傕啷嵿く啶啶椸啶ぞ啶膏え啶距う啶苦き啶苦 (na karma蝉腻峁僰hyayogop腻蝉a苍腻dibhi岣�) Mukti Up.1.1.
7) The sacred fire. 啶掂ぞ啶ㄠお啷嵿ぐ啶膏啶ム 啶啶班す啷嵿ぎ啶氞ぞ啶班 啶膏ぞ啶椸啶ㄠた啶� 啶膏啶ぞ啶膏え啷� 啶掂啶班啷囙い啷� (v腻naprastho brahmac腻r墨 蝉腻gni岣� sop腻蝉ano vrajet). Y.3.45.
8) Injuring, hurting; (fr. as 2).
Derivable forms: 耻辫腻蝉补苍补尘 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぎ啷�).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�).鈥攏.
(-苍补峁�) 1. Archery. 2. Service. 3. A seat. 4. Assembling. 5. Injuring, hurting. f.
(-苍腻) 1. Service. 2. Worship, adoration. E. upa before 腻蝉 to sit, or 腻峁� before as to throw or send, affix yuc and fem. 峁錺.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�).鈥攊. e. upa-腻蝉 + ana. I. n. 1. Attendance, [M腻navadharma艣腻蝉tra] 3, 107. 2. Practice, [M峁沜chaka峁璱k腻, (ed. Stenzler.)] 2, 11. 3. Religious contemplation, [Ved腻nta蝉腻ra, (in my Chrestomathy.)] in
鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�).鈥擺neuter] seat; service, attendance, worship (also 蝉腻 [feminine]); meditation, practice, exercise.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�):鈥擺from up腻蝉] 1. up腻蝉ana n. the act of throwing off (arrows), exercise in archery, [Mah腻bh腻rata]
2) [from up腻蝉] 2. up腻蝉ana f(腻)n. the act of sitting or being near or at hand
3) [v.s. ...] serving, waiting upon, service, attendance, respect, [膧pastamba-dharma-s奴tra; Gautama-dharma-艣腻蝉tra; Manu-sm峁泃i; Y腻j帽avalkya] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] homage, adoration, worship (with R腻m腻nujas, consisting of five parts, viz. Abhigamana or approach, Up腻d腻na or preparation of offering, Ijy腻 or oblation, Sv腻dhy腻ya or recitation, and Yoga or devotion), [Sarvadar艣ana-sa峁僩raha; Ved腻nta蝉腻ra] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] n. a seat, [Vait腻na-s奴tra]
6) [v.s. ...] the being intent on or engaged in [M峁沜chaka峁璱k腻; R腻m腻ya峁嘺]
7) [v.s. ...] domestic fire, [Y腻j帽avalkya iii, 45.]
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�):鈥擺up腻+sana] (苍补峁�) 1. n. Archery; service; a seat; assembling; injuring.
2) 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ):鈥擺up腻+sa苍腻] (苍腻) 1. f. Service, worship.
: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (啶夃お啶距じ啶�) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Uv腻蝉a峁嘺, Uv腻蝉a峁嚹�.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ):鈥�(nf) worship, adoration; —[paddhati] cult; technique of worship.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus鲍辫腻蝉补苍补 (嗖夃勃嗖距哺嗖�):鈥擺noun] = 嗖夃勃嗖距哺嗖ㄠ硢 [upasane].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻 (啶夃お啶距じ啶ㄠぞ):鈥攏. devotion; worship; prayer; adoration;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Yu, Upa, Asha.
Starts with: Upacanai, Upacanam, Upasanabhuta, Upasanacandramrita, Upasanakanda, Upasanakarmapaddhati, Upasanakhanda, Upasanakrama, Upasananirupana, Upasanaprayoga, Upasanarcana sadhanapaddhati, Upasanartha, Upasanasarasangraha, Upasanat, Upasanatattva, Upasanatthana, Upasanavidhi, Upasanavinoda, Upasanopasanakhanda.
Full-text (+62): Paryupasana, Suryopasana, Acaryopasana, Upasanacandramrita, Upasanakhanda, Samdhyopasana, Adhaupasana, Sharopasana, Upasanakanda, Aupasana, Upasanatthana, Pratyupasanam, Sandhyopasana, Upasanopasanakhanda, Mantropasana, Upacanam, Katupasana, Upasanavidhi, Upasanaprayoga, Akatupasana.
Relevant text
Search found 122 books and stories containing Upasana, Upa-asa-yu, Upa-腻蝉a-yu, Upa-asa-yu, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补, Upa蝉腻峁嘺; (plurals include: Upasanas, yus, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍腻s, 鲍辫腻蝉补苍补s, Upa蝉腻峁嘺s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taittiriya Upanishad (by A. Mahadeva Sastri)
Lesson VI - Contemplation of Brahman < [Book I - Shiksha Valli]
Lesson III - Contemplation of Sa峁僪it腻 < [Book I - Shiksha Valli]
Lesson XII - Thanks Giving < [Book I - Shiksha Valli]
Pratyabhijna and Shankara鈥檚 Advaita (comparative study) (by Ranjni M.)
7. Devotion and Worship < [Chapter 4 - Ultimate Reality and God in Pratyabhij帽腻 and Advaita]
Appendix 1 - Glossary of Technical Terms
4. Non-dualism in Vedic Tradition < [Chapter 1 - Introduction: Non-dualism in Indian philosophy]
Shiva Gita (study and summary) (by K. V. Anantharaman)
Chapter 12 - Yoga of Instruction in Meditation (耻辫腻蝉补苍腻-j帽腻na-phala)
Appendix 2 - 艢iva G墨t腻 vis-a-vis Bhagavad G墨t腻 and Upani峁ds
Chandogya Upanishad (english Translation) (by Swami Lokeswarananda)
Brahma Sutras (Shankara Bhashya) (by Swami Vireshwarananda)
Chapter III, Section III, Adhikarana XXVII < [Section III]
Chapter III, Section III, Adhikarana XXXI < [Section III]
Chapter III, Section III, Adhikarana XXXII < [Section III]
The concept of Mind in the Major Upanishads (by Gisha K. Narayanan)
8(a). The Concept of Mind in the Taittir墨yopani峁d < [Chapter 4 - The concept of Mind in the Major Upani峁ds]
4. The Date and Number of the Upani峁ds < [Chapter 2 - The concept of Mind in the Pre-Upani峁dic Literature]
10. The Concept of Mind in the Ch腻ndogyopani峁d < [Chapter 4 - The concept of Mind in the Major Upani峁ds]
Related products
