Sushumna, 厂耻峁尘苍腻, 厂耻峁尘峁嘺, 厂耻峁尘苍补: 22 definitions
Introduction:
Sushumna means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms 厂耻峁尘苍腻 and 厂耻峁尘峁嘺 and 厂耻峁尘苍补 can be transliterated into English as Susumna or Sushumna, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
: archive.org: The Taittiriya-upanishad厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ):鈥擳here is a 苍腻岣嵞� (tube) called 蝉耻峁尘苍腻, passing upward from the heart, and often referred to in the yoga-艣腻stras. It passes through the mid-region of the throat鈥檚 two pillars, as also of that bit of flesh which hangs down like a nipple between the throat鈥檚 two pillars, and through the region of the skull where the roots of hair lie apart. When it reaches this last place, the 苍腻岣嵞� passes up breaking open the two regions of the head. That is the birth-place of Indra, that the path by which to attain to one鈥檚 own true nature. (See 罢补颈迟迟颈谤墨测补-鲍辫补苍颈峁诲 1.6 with 艢a峁卥ar腻ch腻rya鈥檚 commentary)
To this end the K峁rik腻-Upani峁d reads as follows:
: archive.org: Mandala-brahmana Upanishad of Shukla-Yajurveda鈥淭here are one-hundred and one 苍腻岣嵞玸. Of them 厂耻峁尘苍腻 is regarded the best, which rests in the Supreme, untainted, of the same form as Brahman. I岣嵞� lies to the left and Pi峁単al腻 to the right. Between them is the Supreme Abode, and he that knows It knows the Veda.鈥�
厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ) (according to the Ma峁囜笉alabr腻hma峁嘺-upani峁d) which is from the 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补 to brahmarandhra has the radiance of the sun. In the centre of it, is 办耻苍诲补濒颈苍墨 shining like crores of lightning and subtle as the thread in the lotus-stalk. Tamas is destroyed there. Through seeing it, all sins are destroyed.
Vedanta (啶掂啶︵ぞ啶ㄠ啶�, ved腻nta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) 厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ).鈥擮ne of the seven important rays of the sun by which the waning moon is fed.*
- * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 II. 23. 38, 61, 74; 24. 66; 28. 28; V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 52. 37 and 57; 53. 46; 56. 27; Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺 II. 11. 22.
1b) A sacred pool in the Him腻layas, fit for 艣r腻ddha.*
- * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 III. 13. 123-4; V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 77. 115.
1c) A 艢akti of M腻ruta.*
- * Brahm腻峁囜笉a-pur腻峁嘺 IV. 33. 70.
1d) In the navel of Gay腻.*
- * V腻yu-pur腻峁嘺 108. 66.
The Purana (啶啶班ぞ啶�, pur腻峁嘺s) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ) refers to one of the three channels (of vital breath) in the body hosting the deities Raudr墨 and Mahe艣vara.鈥擨n the Tantrasadbh腻va we find the geometric shapes related to the energies, or aspects of the one energy, that constitute the Triangle. [...] These three energies are the consorts of the gods Brahm腻, Vi峁ａ箛u and Mahe艣vara and manifest as a series of triads. At the microcosmic level they engender exhalation (equivalent to creation brought about by V腻m腻), inhalation (equivalent to persistence brought about by Jye峁ａ弓h腻) and retention of the breath (equivalent to withdrawal brought about by Raudr墨). They are located in the corresponding channels in the body where these three forms of the vital breath function: namely I岣嵞�, Pi峁単al腻 and 厂耻峁尘峁嚹�, respectively. [...闭鈥�.
: academia.edu: The 艢腻rad腻tilakatantra on Yoga厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ) refers to the 鈥渃entre principle channel鈥� and is explained in terms of 办耻峁囜笉补濒颈苍墨测辞驳补 by Lak峁a峁嘺de艣ika in his 11th-century 艢arad腻tilaka.鈥擳he body is described, starting from the 鈥渂ulb鈥� (kanda), the place in which the subtle channels (苍腻岣嵞�) originate, located between anus and penis (28鈥�9). The three principal channels are 颈岣嵞� (left), 辫颈峁単补濒腻 (right) and 蝉耻峁尘峁嚹� (in the centre of the spine and the head). Inside the 蝉耻峁尘峁嚹� is 肠颈迟谤腻, a channel connecting to the place on the top of the skull called the brahmarandhra (30鈥�4).
Shakta (啶多ぞ啶曕啶�, 艣腻kta) or Shaktism (艣腻ktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
: Brill: 艢aivism and the Tantric Traditions厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ) refers to the 鈥渃entral channel (of the yogic body)鈥� resembling the vertical sequence of bodily lotuses connected by the 艢aktis奴tra or 艢aktitantu (鈥渃ord of power鈥�), according to the Brahmay腻mala-tantra (or Picumata), an early 7th century 艢aiva text consisting of twelve-thousand verses.鈥擺The 辫补诲尘补尘腻濒腻-惫颈诲丑颈 prescribes installing deities within series of nine, seven and eight lotuses].鈥擳he principal series of nine lotuses [i.e., Kap腻l墨艣abhairava, the four Dev墨s and the four D奴t墨s] spans the body鈥檚 axis from crest (艣颈办丑腻) to feet (辫腻诲补), linked by the 艣补办迟颈迟补苍迟耻 and thus forming a vertical strand. This vertical sequence of bodily lotuses connected by a cord of 艣补办迟颈 has obvious similarities with models of the yogic body in which 蝉耻峁尘苍腻-苍腻岣嵞�, the central channel, links together an ascending series of cakras or lotuses. This ubiquitous paradigm is exemplified by the system of seven cakras common to 艢r墨vidy腻 and Ha峁環ayoga as being first attested in the Kubjik腻mata.
Like the 艣补办迟颈迟补苍迟耻, the 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 is closely identified with 艣补办迟颈, especially in the form of the bodily 办耻峁囜笉补濒颈苍墨. The 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 of yoga and the Brahmay腻mala鈥檚 艣补办迟颈迟补苍迟耻 both unite a vertical series of lotuses situated at particular 鈥渒nots鈥� (granthis) in the body, including such standard locations as the crest, forehead, throat, heart, navel, and genital region. While the 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 came to be envisioned as a vertical channel extending upwards from the heart, navel region, or base of the torso, there is an old precedent for the idea that it extends, like the 艣补办迟颈迟补苍迟耻, to the feet: the Mata峁単ap腻rame艣vara, a comparatively early Siddh腻ntatantra, envisions the 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 running from the tips of the big toes to the crown of the head via the navel and heart. This archaic model of a central channel extending to the feet, linking together various granthis, may underlie the Brahmay腻mala鈥檚 conception of the 艣补办迟颈迟补苍迟耻.
: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ) refers to the 鈥渃enter of the body鈥�, according to the Svacchanda-tantra.鈥擜ccordingly, [verse 7.220cd-222]鈥斺�淸The Yogin] should visualize a second lotus above him in the great ocean with the power of 补尘峁泃补 as well as a lotus with its full moon mouth pointed downward. In the middle of that, he should visualize 丑补峁僺补 joined with the bindu and topknot. He should visualize a divine rain of 补尘峁泃补, falling everywhere and imagine [it to] enter [his body] in the opening above himself [i.e., the path through the center of the body (蝉耻峁尘峁嚹�) through which the 膧tman rises to 艣补办迟颈-tattva闭鈥�.
Shaiva (啶多啶�, 艣aiva) or Shaivism (艣aivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch厂耻峁尘苍补 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�) refers to the 鈥渃entral channel鈥�, according to the R腻jayog腻m峁泃a 2.5cd-2.6a-b:.鈥擜ccordingly, 鈥淸The Yogin] should move the breath into the central channel (蝉耻峁尘苍补) and the unique [internal] resonance is heard. Fusion of the mind in that resonance is taught as layayoga鈥�.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as 腻sanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Vastushastra (architecture)
: Google Books: Consecration Rituals In South Asia厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ) refers to one of the three N腻岣嵞玸 contemplated upon during the ritual for the re-installation of damaged idols from the temple, according to Kerala ritual texts such as the 艢aiv腻gamanibandhana, Prayogama帽jar墨 and the 莫艣anagurudevapaddhati.鈥擺...] [After placing a bundle of darbha grass on top of the 迟补迟迟惫补办补濒补艣补 pot]:鈥擳hen the priest sits facing the idol while the door of the sanctum is closed and imagines that his own 颈岣嵞�, 辫颈峁単补濒腻 and 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 and those of the idol are one. Then he visualizes himself seated in the heart of the god and imagines the pr腻s腻da and the temple complex to be two lotuses. Then through the prescribed rituals the priest should spread the caitanya existing in the idol, from its 尘奴濒腻诲丑腻谤补 through the 蝉耻峁尘苍腻 up to the tower (蝉迟奴辫补) of the temple and then further spread it up to the enclosure of the temple (辫谤腻办腻谤补) and visualize the entire temple complex filled up completely. [...]
Vastushastra (啶掂ぞ啶膏啶む啶多ぞ啶膏啶む啶�, v腻stu艣腻stra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
General definition (in Hinduism)
: Hindupedia: Advayataraka Upani峁dThe 厂耻峁尘苍腻-苍腻岣嵞� (a tube-like structure meant for the passage of the 办耻峁囜笉补濒颈苍颈) is situated in the middle of the body, stretching from the 尘耻濒腻诲丑腻谤补 plexus at the root of the spinal column, up to the brahmarandhra or the aperture in the crown of the head. It shines like the sun or the moon.
India history and geography
: Yale Journal of Music & Religion: Ritual Music in Contemporary Brahmanical Tantric Temples of Kerala厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ) refers to the 鈥渋nternal channel (in the spine)鈥� of the Human Body which is represented by the Temple.鈥擜nother category of correspondences between the Temple and the Human Body (according to texts and performers in Kerala) is established on the vertical plane, and in this case it relates to the so-called energetic centers (cakras) situated along the internal channel (蝉耻峁尘苍腻) in the spine. [...] At the base of the channel, imagined as a coiled serpent in the lowest of the Cakras, Ku峁囜笉alin墨, the feminine life force or 艢akti, is thought to reside. At the opposite end, above the six power centers, the thousand-petaled lotus is the abode of 艢iva. Before the erection of the 艣谤墨办艒惫颈濒 (鈥渟hrine鈥�), a hole is made in the place where the deity will be installed. In this hole, which represents the 蝉耻峁尘苍腻, six symbolic elements associated with the six centers (cakras) in the human body are installed, one over the other.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary蝉耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ).鈥攆 S The name of a 苍腻岣嵞� or tubular vessel of the body. Ex. 膿ka苍腻岣嵞� brahm腻峁囜笉墨峁� g膿l墨 til腻 su0 尘丑补峁嘺迟腻迟补. See 颈岣嵞�, pi峁単a岣纺�, & su0 under 颈岣嵞�.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary厂耻峁尘峁嘺 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�) or 厂耻峁尘苍补 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�).鈥擭ame of one of the principal rays of the sun; Hch.1.
-尘峁嚹�, -mn腻 A particular artery of the human body, said to lie between 啶囙ぁ啶� (颈岣嵞�) and 啶た啶權啶椸げ啶� (辫颈峁単补濒腻), two of the vessels of the body; 啶掂啶多啶掂ぞ啶ㄠぐ啶� 啶ぞ啶むた 啶掂た啶灌ぞ啶じ啶� 啶椸い啶� 啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠく啶� 啶啶班す啷嵿ぎ啶ぅ啷囙え 啶多啶氞た啶粪ぞ (vai艣v腻nara峁� y腻ti vih腻yas腻 gata岣� 蝉耻峁尘苍补y腻 brahmapathena 艣oci峁Ｄ�) Bh腻gavata 2.2.24.
Derivable forms: 蝉耻峁尘峁嘺岣� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀), 蝉耻峁尘苍补岣� (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠ).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ).鈥攆.
(-尘峁嚹�) A particular artery of the body lying between the vessels called Ida and Pingala.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ).鈥攆. An artery, [Bh腻gavata-Pur腻峁嘺, (ed. Burnouf.)] 2, 2, 24 (Sch).
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary厂耻峁尘峁嘺 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�).鈥�(mna) [adjective] very gracious or favourable; [feminine] 腻 a cert. artery on the neck.
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) 厂耻峁尘峁嘺 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�):鈥擺=蝉耻-峁尘峁嘺] [from su > su-峁峁僺ad] mf(腻)n. very gracious or kind, [峁歡-veda; V腻jasaneyi-sa峁僪it腻]
2) [v.s. ...] m. Name of one of the 7 principal rays of the sun (supposed to supply heat to the moon), [Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺]
3) 厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ):鈥擺=su-峁m峁嚹�] [from 蝉耻-峁尘峁嘺 > su > su-峁峁僺ad] f. a [particular] artery ([probably] 鈥榯he carotid鈥�) or vein of the body (lying between those called 颈岣嵞� and 辫颈峁単补濒腻, and supposed to be one of the passages for the breath or spirit; cf. brahma-randhra), [Upani峁d; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺; R腻jatara峁単i峁嚹玗
4) 厂耻峁尘苍补 (啶膏啶粪啶啶�):鈥擺=蝉耻-峁尘苍补] [from su > su-峁峁僺ad] mf(腻)n. very gracious or kind, [峁歡-veda; V腻jasaneyi-sa峁僪it腻]
5) [v.s. ...] m. Name of one of the 7 principal rays of the sun (supposed to supply heat to the moon), [Vi峁ａ箛u-pur腻峁嘺]
6) 厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ):鈥擺=su-峁mn腻] [from 蝉耻-峁尘苍补 > su > su-峁峁僺ad] f. a [particular] artery ([probably] 鈥榯he carotid鈥�) or vein of the body (lying between those called 颈岣嵞� and 辫颈峁単补濒腻, and supposed to be one of the passages for the breath or spirit; cf. brahma-randhra), [Upani峁d; Bh腻gavata-pur腻峁嘺; R腻jatara峁単i峁嚹玗
: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ):鈥擺su-峁mn腻] (mn腻) 1. f. Part of the body supposed to remain as a seed from which another springs.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled 啶膏啶膏啶曕啶むぎ啷� (蝉补峁僺办峁泃补尘), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary厂耻峁尘苍腻 (啶膏啶粪啶啶ㄠぞ):鈥�(nf) one of the three principal or major nerves, according to the hathyogis, that plays an important role in the achievement of Supreme Bliss.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
: Alar: Kannada-English corpus厂耻峁尘苍补 (嗖膏硜嗖粪硜嗖硩嗖�):鈥擺noun] = 嗖膏硜嗖粪硜嗖硩嗖ㄠ硢 - [sushumne -] 1.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary厂耻峁尘峁嚹� (啶膏啶粪啶啶｀ぞ):鈥攏. (according a hatha-yoga) one of the three major nerves in human body that has an important role in the achievement of Supreme Bliss; spinal cord;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Sushumna-sheersh, Sushumna-shirsha, Sushumnai, Sushumnamarga, Sushumnanadi, Sushumnanala, Sushumnavahin.
Full-text (+160): Saushumna, Sushumnanadi, Sushumnamarga, Sushumna-shirsha, Pingala, Sushumna-sheersh, Sushumnavahin, Sushumnanala, Kundalini, Ida, Vahin, Paricita, Bodhayitva, Citra, Mahamarga, Sukshamana, Sushumnai, Urdhvanadi, Vishuvatta, Vank.
Relevant text
Search found 87 books and stories containing Sushumna, 厂耻峁尘苍腻, 厂耻峁尘峁嘺, 厂耻峁尘苍补, 厂耻峁尘峁嚹�, Su-shumna, Su-峁m峁嘺, Su-sumna, Su-峁m峁嚹�, Su-峁mna, Su-峁mn腻; (plurals include: Sushumnas, 厂耻峁尘苍腻s, 厂耻峁尘峁嘺s, 厂耻峁尘苍补s, 厂耻峁尘峁嚹錽, shumnas, 峁m峁嘺s, sumnas, 峁m峁嚹錽, 峁mnas, 峁mn腻s). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
The body in early Hatha Yoga (by Ruth Westoby)
Appendix 2 - Gorak峁艣ataka (select verses)
Ku峁囜笉alin墨 in the Ha峁環a sources: snake woman (urag腻峁単an腻) < [Chapter 5 - Ku峁囜笉alin墨: the matter of emotion]
The language of consumption and victory < [Chapter 2 - Begin by cooking yourself]
Linga Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 56 - Description of the Moon (soma-var峁嘺na) < [Section 1 - Uttarabh腻ga]
Chapter 60 - The Solar Sphere < [Section 1 - Uttarabh腻ga]
Chapter 24 - The mode of worship of 艢iva (Continued) < [Section 2 - P奴rvabh腻ga]
The concept of Yoga in Yoga Upanishads (by Philomina T.L)
8. The Similes and Concepts analysed in the Yogopani峁ds < [Chapter 5 - Textual Analysis]
9. Description of 厂耻峁尘苍腻-Yoga < [Chapter 4 - The contents of the Yogopani峁ds]
10. Description of Sa峁僷u峁璦-Yoga < [Chapter 4 - The contents of the Yogopani峁ds]
Harshacharita (socio-cultural Study) (by Mrs. Nandita Sarmah)
Part 3: Curriculum of Formal Education < [Chapter 3 - Education System]
Jnaneshwari (Bhavartha Dipika) (by Ramchandra Keshav Bhagwat)
Verse 18.33 < [Chapter 18 - Moksha-sannyasa-yoga]
Verse 6.14 < [Chapter 6 - Dhyana-yoga]
Verse 18.52 < [Chapter 18 - Moksha-sannyasa-yoga]