Parivaradevata, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟补, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻, Parivara-devata: 5 definitions

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In Hinduism
1. Shilpashastra
2. Pancaratra
India history
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Introduction:

Parivaradevata means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

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In Hinduism

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Wisdom Library: Elements of Hindu Iconograpy

In a 蝉惫补测补尘辫谤补诲丑腻苍补 temple of Subrahma峁噛a there are required to be set up eight 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟补蝉, namely,

驰补办峁苍诲谤补,
搁腻办峁蝉别苍诲谤补,
笔颈艣腻肠丑别苍诲谤补,
叠丑奴迟补谤腻峁�,
Gandharva,
Kinnara,
Daityan膩yaka and
顿腻苍补惫腻诲丑颈辫补.

The figures of these are to be placed on the eight cardinal points of the 辫谤腻办腻谤补; Yak峁ndra being on the east, R膩k峁sendra on the south-east and so on. These Pariv膩ra-devat膩s are to be sculptured as having two or four arms and they should be of dark complexion and terrific look. If they have four arms, two of the hands are to be held in the varada and the abhaya poses, while the remaining two should carry the 办丑补岣峠补 and the 办丑别峁璦办补. But if they have only two arms, the hands should keep the 办丑补岣峠补 and the 办丑别峁璦办补.

The 碍耻尘腻谤补-迟补苍迟谤补 mentions a much larger number of 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟腻蝉; eight, twelve, sixteen or thirty-two devatas are prescribed in it. If eight devatas are to be set up, we are told that

on the east, facing the deity, should be the figure of an elephant;
on the south-east, 艢膩sta;
in the south, Brahm膩;
on the south-west, the Sapta-m膩t峁沰膩s;
on the west, Jye峁ａ弓h膩;
on the north-west Durg膩;
on the north, K峁trapa
and on the north-east, Sumitraka.

The names of the 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟补蝉 of the groups of twelve are:

the elephant,
厂奴谤测补,
艢腻蝉迟补,
叠谤补丑尘腻,
Yama,
厂补辫迟补-尘腻迟峁沰腻蝉,
痴补谤耻峁嘺,
Agastya,
顿耻谤驳腻,
叠腻谤补诲补,
艢r墨艣a and
Sumitra.

The following are the names of the sixteen 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟腻蝉:鈥�

the elephant,
叠谤补丑尘腻,
Agastya,
狈腻谤补诲补,
Sumitraka,
艢耻办谤补,
叠峁沨补蝉辫补迟颈,
顿耻谤驳腻,
顿颈迟墨,
础诲颈迟墨,
Dhandra,
厂奴谤测补,
艢腻蝉迟补,
惭补丑腻濒补办峁墨,
Bh膩rat墨 and
the Sapta-m膩t峁沰膩s.

To make up the thirty-three 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟补蝉, the following are added to the above mentioned sixteen deities, namely, the

础峁ａ弓补-诲颈办辫腻濒补办补蝉,
Sudeha,
厂耻谤别艣补,
Sukukha,
叠丑峁涐箙驳颈,
痴腻蝉耻办颈,
础峁ａ弓补惫补谤补
(vakra ?),
叠丑峁涐箙驳颈
(Bh峁沢u ?),
顿补办峁-笔谤补箩腻辫补迟颈,
痴墨谤补产丑补诲谤补,
艢耻办谤补,
叠丑奴,
闯测别峁ａ弓丑补
and two others.

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts (shilpa)

笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻 (啶ぐ啶苦さ啶距ぐ啶︵啶掂い啶�) refers to the 鈥渟ubsidiary deities鈥�, as discussed in chapter 10 (Kriy膩p膩da) of the 笔补诲尘补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: the most widely followed of Sa峁僪it膩 covering the entire range of concerns of P膩帽car膩tra doctrine and practice (i.e., the four-fold formulation of subject matter鈥�箩帽腻苍补, yoga, 办谤颈测腻 and 肠补谤测腻) consisting of roughly 9000 verses.鈥擠escription of the chapter [辫补谤颈惫腻谤腻诲颈诲别惫补迟腻-办补濒辫补苍补]: [...] In each of the five courtyards it is proper to install certain aspects of the Lord [辫补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻]. For examples, Garu岣峚, Vi峁aksena, 艢a峁卥ara, K峁trap膩la, 峁峁噈ukha, etc., are in the first courtyard (94-99); 厂奴谤测补, Candra, Hayagr墨va, and others will be located in the second courtyard (100-105); the twelve 膧dityas, Manmatha, the Pit峁沢a峁嘺s, Ga峁噀艣a, etc., will be found in the third courtyard (106-1102); Upendra, the Ga峁嘺devat膩s, etc., will be placed in the fourth courtyard (110b-144a鈥攏o mention is made of the fifth courtyard).

Also see chapter 22 (辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-惫颈诲丑颈鈥斺€渞ules regarding the attendant deities鈥�): Iconometry continues, this chapter being given over to rules for the attendant deities [辫补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻]: Hayagr墨va (2b-8a), Garu岣峚 (8b-12a), S奴rya (12b-14), Soma (15), K膩ma (16-18a), Gaj膩nana (18b-20), 峁峁噈ukha (21-27a), Dhanada (27b-31a), Rudra (31b-33), K峁trap膩la (34-35), Vi峁aksena (36-41), Brahm膩 (42), V墨rabhadra (43a), Vin膩yaka (43b-44a), Aj膩mukha (44b-46), 膧ditya (47), Pit峁泂 (48) and Vi艣vedeva (49a). Also continuing the list are the following: Saptar峁s, Rudra辫补谤颈惫腻谤补, Vi峁ａ箛up膩r峁da, Upendra, the A艣vin墨s, Indra and the other guardians of the cosmic directions (49-61邪). Then the discussion turns to the vehicles of the gods, namely Brahm膩鈥檚 Swan and Rudra鈥檚 Ox, etc. (61b-64).

: Shodhganga: The significance of the m奴la-beras (艣ilpa)

笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟补 (啶ぐ啶苦さ啶距ぐ啶︵啶掂い) refers to the 鈥済ods related in a family鈥� whose images are found scattered within Hindu temples.鈥擳. A. Gopinath Rao points out the specificities of each temple by saying that each temple is filled with numerous images of gods, goddesses, 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-诲别惫补迟补蝉 (gods related in a family), devas (attendants to the gods), 艣腻濒补驳谤腻尘腻蝉 (cakra鈥揳n ammonite shell), 产腻苍补濒颈峁単腻蝉 (egg-shaped pebbles), yantras (mystic and magical diagrams engraved upon metallic plates), navagrahas (the nine planetary divinities), certain divine animals and birds, certain holy rivers, tanks, trees and sepulchers of saints.

context information

Shilpashastra (啶多た啶侧啶ざ啶距じ啷嵿い啷嵿ぐ, 艣ilpa艣膩stra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Pancaratra (worship of N膩r膩ya峁嘺)

: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts

1) 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻 (啶ぐ啶苦さ啶距ぐ啶︵啶掂い啶�) refers to a group of deities situated in the courtyard of temples, as discussed in the fifteenth chapter of the 碍补辫颈帽箩补濒补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: a P膩帽car膩tra work consisting of 1550 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as worship in a temple, choosing an 膧c膩rya, architecture, town-planning and iconography. Description of the chapter [补谤肠补苍腻-惫颈诲丑颈]:鈥擺...] The location of the 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻s in the various courtyards is given (38b-50). Sn膩n膩sana is to be offered to the Lord鈥攁nd this is explained in detail (toothbrush, tongue-scraper, etc.) (51-55)鈥攁fter which the Lord is adorned [补濒补峁卥腻谤腻蝉补苍补] and offered the honors of flowers, food, etc. Only when this is done is worship directed to 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻s allowed. The liturgical routine closes with a fire-ritual, verses of praise addressed to the Lord, bali-offerings, and other nityotsava-activities. After all is done, and before darkness descends, the doors of the temple are to be closed and the 膧c膩rya is to go home (56-64).

2) 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻 (啶ぐ啶苦さ啶距ぐ啶︵啶掂い啶�) refers to the 鈥淟ord鈥檚 retinue鈥� (placed in the temple-compound), as discussed in chapter 5 of the Indrar膩tra section of the 厂补苍补迟办耻尘腻谤补蝉补峁僪颈迟腻: an encyclopedic Sanskrit text written in over 3500 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as yoga, temple-building, consecration ceremonies, initiation and dhanurveda (martial arts).鈥擠escription of the chapter [辫补谤颈惫腻谤补-补诲丑测腻测补]: Sanatkum膩ra notes that the members of the retinue of the Lord differ according to the posture in which He is to be found sitting or standing鈥攁nd in each case he gives three alternative sets of retinue-members classed according to 鈥済ood,鈥� 鈥渂etter,鈥� and 鈥渂est鈥�. Further, the placement of the 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻s will be different according to whether one is referring to those in the immediate presence of the Lord or around the temple precincts. [...]

context information

Pancaratra (啶ぞ啶炧啶氞ぐ啶距い啷嵿ぐ, p膩帽car膩tra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

India history and geography

: Harmonia Journal: 8th Century Musical Instrument on Kalasan Temple鈥檚 Relief

笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻 (啶ぐ啶苦さ啶距ぐ啶︵啶掂い啶�) refers to a 鈥済roup of Gods鈥� that are not positioned in 驳补谤产丑补驳峁沨补 (the temple鈥檚 main room), yet the corridor instead (Liebert, 1976, p. 214). 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻 is divided into subs 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补 and main 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补. The small 辫补谤颈惫腻谤补 have specific names, but their existence is not known specifically in the mythology of Indian Gods (Nugrahani, D.S, 2009, p. 9).

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Search found 10 books and stories containing Parivaradevata, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟补, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻, Parivara-devata, Pariv膩ra-devata, Pariv膩ra-devat膩, Parivara-devatas, Parivaradevatas; (plurals include: Parivaradevatas, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟补s, 笔补谤颈惫腻谤补诲别惫补迟腻s, devatas, devat膩s, devatases, Parivaradevatases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

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