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Significance of Argument

In various philosophical and religious traditions, "Argument" signifies a structured reasoning process aimed at establishing truth or clarifying beliefs. In Jainism, it refers to the reasoning employed by the Blessed One for conversion purposes. Tibetan Buddhism emphasizes it as a method to clarify reality's nature and the interplay of destruction and origination. Vaishnavism views it as strategies to persuade and refute opposition during debates, while Vedanta counters beliefs about the soul's ascendance. Each tradition reflects a unique understanding of argumentation in relation to truth and belief systems.1
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Synonyms: Debate, Discussion, Disagreement, Contention, Dispute, Quarrel, Altercation, Confrontation, Conflict

In Dutch: Argument; In German: Argument; In Swedish: Argument; In French: Argument; In Finnish: Argumentti; In Spanish: Argumento; In Malay: Hujah

The below excerpts are indicatory and do represent direct quotations or translations. It is your responsibility to fact check each reference.

Buddhist concept of 'Argument'

Buddhism Books

In Buddhism, "Argument" encompasses reasoning related to human limitations, the relationship between destruction and origination of states, structured reasoning about reality, and clarification of how beginninglessness affects the reliability of beliefs and philosophies.

Significance in Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism):
Tibetan Buddhism Books

From: Tattvasangraha [with commentary]

(1) The rationale provided to clarify that beginninglessness alone does not determine the reliability or unreliability of individuals or philosophies.[1] (2) A structured reasoning process intended to demonstrate a particular viewpoint or conclusion regarding the nature of reality.[2] (3) Refers to the reasoning and logic put forth in the discussion regarding the incapacity of man to perform a task.[3] (4) The reasoning presented to establish a connection between the destruction and origination of the states and the soul.[4]

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha鈥檚 words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayana) are collected indepently.

Hindu concept of 'Argument'

Hinduism Books

In Hinduism, Argument encompasses the mental abstraction from external influences, counterpoints to beliefs about the soul's ascent, and reasons presented in debates to support or refute specific viewpoints.

Significance in Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma):
Vaishnavism Books

From: Chaitanya Bhagavata

(1) Statements or reasons put forward to support a particular point of view or conclusion.[5] (2) Reasons or points made during a debate aimed at persuading others or refuting opposing views.[6]

Vaishnava or vaishnavism (vaishnavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (鈥榯en avatars of Vishnu鈥�).

Significance in Vedanta (school of philosophy):
Vedanta Books

From: Brahma Sutras (Ramanuja)

(1) A counterpoint raised against the belief that souls can ascend when dying at night.[7]

Vedanta refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).

Significance in Purana and Itihasa (epic history):
Purana Books

From: Yoga Vasistha [English], Volume 1-4

(1) Abstraction of the mind from the external, and its application to intellectual objects.[8]

The Purana refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India鈥檚 vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Significance in Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology):
Jyotisha Books

From: Hayanaratna: The Jewel of Annual Astrology

(1) Argument is a value, used in calculations involving the sine, and is derived from the mean longitude of the sun, according to the text.[9]

Jyotisha (啶溹啶啶むた啶�, jyotisha or jyotish) refers to 鈥榓stronomy鈥� or 鈥淰edic astrology鈥� and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Jain concept of 'Argument'

Jainism Books

In Jainism, Argument pertains to the reasoning employed by the Blessed One to transform Shabdalaputra's prior beliefs, illustrating the role of logical discourse in facilitating spiritual enlightenment and understanding.

Significance in Jainism (general):

From: Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra

(1) Reasoning used by the Blessed One to convert Shabdalaputra from his previous beliefs.[10]

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, 鈥榮elf-reliance鈥�) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

The concept of Argument in local and regional sources

History Books

The keyphrase "Argument" pertains to a specific value in celestial calculations, particularly relating to the longitude of celestial objects, facilitating the lookup of variables for eclipse computations, including lunar anomalies and their related equations.

Significance in India history and geography:

From: History of Science in South Asia

(1) This is the longitude of the celestial object increased by 90 degrees, and is mentioned in the text.[11] (2) This is a value used to look up entries in the table, such as the lunar anomaly or the avadhi, and is used to determine the manda-equation and gati-phala.[12] (3) A specific value or variable used as an input in a calculation or table, is referenced to identify and compare entries within the context of the eclipse computation tables.[13]

Plural form: Arguments.