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A literary review of ocimum basilicum linn (barbari) in ayurveda

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Journal name: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Original article title: A literary review of ocimum basilicum linn (barbari) in ayurveda
The WJPR includes peer-reviewed publications such as scientific research papers, reports, review articles, company news, thesis reports and case studies in areas of Biology, Pharmaceutical industries and Chemical technology while incorporating ancient fields of knowledge such combining Ayurveda with scientific data.
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Author:

Dr. Madhuri Thokala, Dr. Dharmendra and Dr. Ravinder Kumar


World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research:

(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified International Journal)

Full text available for: A literary review of ocimum basilicum linn (barbari) in ayurveda

Source type: An International Peer Reviewed Journal for Pharmaceutical and Medical and Scientific Research

Doi: 10.20959/wjpr20188-11877

Copyright (license): WJPR: All rights reserved


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Summary of article contents:

Introduction

Ocimum basilicum Linn, commonly known as Sweet Basil or Barbari, is a well-recognized member of the Lamiaceae family and plays a significant role in Ayurveda due to its extensive medicinal properties. The plant is indigenous to Persia and Sindh and is widely cultivated in India for both religious and traditional medicinal purposes. With a height of 0.6-0.9 meters, it possesses opposite, light green leaves that are aromatic. Traditionally, various parts of the plant have been utilized to address a range of ailments, making it an important subject of study in Ayurvedic literature.

Pharmacological Properties

One of the notable aspects of Ocimum basilicum is its diverse pharmacological properties. The plant exhibits stomachic, antipyretic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, anti-dysenteric, and emmenagogue effects, among others. Ayurveda employs the entire plant, including leaves, seeds, and roots, for therapeutic purposes. For instance, the leaves are known for their pungent taste and clove-like aroma and have been used for flavoring as well as medicinal formulations. The juice of the plant serves as an anthelmintic, while the root has febrifuge properties. These multifaceted therapeutic actions underscore the plant's significance in Ayurvedic practice.

Classification in Ayurvedic Literature

Ocimum basilicum is extensively mentioned across various classical Ayurvedic texts, reflecting its acceptance and importance in traditional medicine. Different Ayurvedic texts categorize the plant under various classifications, including Katu skandha, Harita varga, and Sakha varga in Charaka Samhita, and Surasadi gana in Susrutha Samhita. The summaries of these classifications highlight the plant's historical relevance and give insights into its recognized therapeutic applications in ancient texts.

Varietals and Synonyms

In addition to its extensive medicinal properties, Ocimum basilicum is identified by a variety of synonyms and classifications across different regional texts, reflecting its cultural significance. Synonyms like Ajagandhika, Kuteraka, and different varieties such as Sweta Arjaka and Krishna Arjaka illustrate its diverse nomenclature and forms. This classification system facilitates a better understanding of the plant’s usage and properties in various contexts within Ayurveda and showcases the broad recognition of Barbari across different cultures and languages.

Conclusion

Ocimum basilicum Linn emerges as a remarkable medicinal plant, boasting numerous health benefits as documented in Ayurvedic literature. Its vast therapeutic potential, encompassing various ailments and its classification within ancient texts, underscores its significance in herbal medicine. However, further systematic research is imperative to explore its multifaceted effects more comprehensively, ensuring that its valuable medicinal properties can be fully harnessed for contemporary therapeutic applications.

FAQ section (important questions/answers):

What are the medicinal properties of Ocimum basilicum Linn?

Ocimum basilicum Linn, commonly known as Sweet basil, possesses various medicinal properties, including stomachic, antipyretic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, anti-dysenteric, and emmenagogue effects, making it beneficial for multiple health conditions.

What diseases can Ocimum basilicum Linn help treat?

This plant is useful for treating heart and blood diseases, chronic joint pain, asthma, coughs, diarrhea, cystitis, nephritis, piles, inflammation, and enlarged spleen among other ailments.

What parts of Ocimum basilicum Linn are used medicinally?

Various parts of the Ocimum basilicum plant are utilized in traditional medicine, including leaves, seeds, and roots, each providing different therapeutic benefits and properties.

What is the common vernacular name of Barbari in English?

In English, Barbari is commonly referred to as Sweet basil. It is known for its aromatic properties and is widely cultivated for culinary and medicinal purposes.

What classifications are associated with Ocimum basilicum Linn in Ayurveda?

Ocimum basilicum Linn is classified in various Ayurvedic texts, such as Charaka Samhita and Susrutha Samhita, where it is referred to in the context of its therapeutic uses and properties.

What is the recommended dosage for Ocimum basilicum Linn?

For therapeutic purposes, the recommended dosage of Ocimum basilicum Linn includes 1-3 grams in Churna form or 5-10 ml of its juice (Swarasa) as needed for health benefits.

Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A literary review of ocimum basilicum linn (barbari) in ayurveda�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Nighantu (Nighamtu):
Nighantu refers to a traditional lexicon or compendium of medicinal plants in Ayurveda, detailing their classifications, properties, and therapeutic uses. It helps practitioners and scholars identify medicinal herbs and understand their roles in treatment, emphasizing the rich biodiversity and cultural heritage of Ayurvedic medicine, particularly those relevant to specific regions.

2) Varga:
Varga denotes categories or classifications of medicinal substances within Ayurvedic texts. These classifications help organize herbs and other materials based on their shared properties, uses, or effects. Understanding these vargas aids practitioners in selecting appropriate medicines for specific ailments by utilizing the Ayurvedic system's inherent systematic approach.

3) Arjaka:
Arjaka is a synonym used in Ayurveda for a variety of Ocimum basilicum Linn (Barbari). It highlights the importance of this plant within the Ayurvedic framework, showcasing its therapeutic benefits. Different synonyms often reflect regional usage, traditional knowledge, or specific qualities attributed to the herbs used in ancient medicine.

4) Table:
Tables in academic literature, such as this review, are structured formats used to present information succinctly. They can summarize data, provide comparisons, or classify herbs based on various criteria like their therapeutic properties or synonyms, aiding ease of understanding and referencing for readers interested in medicinal plants.

5) Katu:
Katu translates to 'bitter' or 'pungent' in Sanskrit, describing one of the key taste profiles (Rasa) in Ayurveda. It informs practitioners about the therapeutic effects of certain herbs, such as enhancing digestion or stimulating appetite, thereby offering insights into how taste influences health and treatment strategies.

6) Drug:
In this context, 'drug' refers to a medicinal substance derived from natural sources, particularly plants like Ocimum basilicum. Understanding which plants are classified as drugs in Ayurveda is crucial for practitioners, as these substances provide healing properties, often targeting specific diseases or health concerns through traditional application.

7) Rajasthan:
Rajasthan is an Indian state where various indigenous Ayurvedic practices flourish, utilizing local medicinal plants like Ocimum basilicum. Its cultural and geographical diversity influences the availability and use of these plants, making it a significant area for Ayurvedic studies and herbal medicine, reflecting regional approaches to health.

8) Activity:
Activity refers to the biological effects or therapeutic properties exhibited by medicinal substances, such as those derived from Ocimum basilicum. Researching the pharmacological activities of herbs helps determine their efficacy in treating specific diseases, guiding practitioners in using them safely and effectively within holistic treatment plans.

9) Priya:
Priya is another synonym referring to Ocimum basilicum in Ayurvedic texts. This name highlights the importance of naming conventions in traditional medicine, which can convey varying cultural, historical, or practical significance. Recognizing these synonyms enriches understanding of the herb's applications and interlinked traditional uses.

10) Raja:
Raja, translated as 'king,' often signifies a distinguishing or superior aspect of medicinal substances in Ayurvedic texts. The term can reflect the status or efficacy of specific plants and is sometimes used in naming conventions, indicating that certain herbs have prominent roles in traditional healing practices.

11) Dravyaguna (Dravya-guna):
Dravyaguna is the branch of Ayurveda focusing on the properties (Gunas) and effects (Karmas) of medicinal substances. It systematically categorizes herbs based on their qualities, aiming to understand how these substances interact within the body, guiding practitioners in treatment choices that align with an individual's constitution.

12) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine originating from India, emphasizing holistic health, balance, and the use of natural substances for healing. Understanding its principles, such as Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala, is essential for practitioners as they deploy various herbs and treatments to promote well-being and address illnesses.

13) Tulasi:
Tulasi, or Holy Basil, is widely revered in Ayurveda for its sacredness and medicinal uses. It is considered a vital herb with numerous benefits such as anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic properties, and its significance extends into spiritual practices, illustrating the deep connection between health and spirituality in Ayurvedic culture.

14) Pushpa (Puspa):
Pushpa means 'flower' in Sanskrit and is significant in Ayurveda as many therapeutic plants are classified not only by their roots or leaves but also by their flowers. Flowers can possess unique medicinal properties, and understanding this aspect of plants allows for comprehensive utilization in treatment and herbal formulations.

15) Ushna (Usna):
Ushna describes a 'warm' or 'hot' quality within Ayurvedic classifications and is integral for understanding a substance's effects on bodily functions. Herbs with an Ushna quality are often used to stimulate digestion, facilitate circulation, or treat conditions related to coldness in the body, reflecting Ayurveda's temperature-based therapeutic approaches.

16) Sabja:
Sabja refers to the term used for Ocimum basilicum seeds, often utilized in various beverages and traditional dishes. These seeds possess mucilaginous properties and have cooling effects, aligning them with Ayurvedic practices that focus on the body's balance, particularly in managing heat-related ailments like digestive disorders.

17) Genu:
Genu is a term related to classification within medicinal context, though it is less commonly highlighted. In practice, awareness of various attributes and qualities associated with plants enhances practitioners' ability to effectively diagnose and apply therapeutic treatments tailored to specific patient needs in Ayurvedic medicine.

18) Guna:
Gunas are the intrinsic qualities of substances in Ayurveda, influencing their effects and interactions in the body. Identifying these qualities aids practitioners in determining which herb or treatment aligns with a patient's unique characteristics, optimizing personalized approaches to health and wellness.

19) Rajanighantu (Raja-nighantu, Rajan-nighantu):
Raja-nighantu is a classic Ayurveda text or lexicon that catalogs medicinal plants and their properties. Such texts serve as crucial references for practitioners, helping to document traditional uses, therapeutic benefits, and the categorization of substances necessary for effective practice in Ayurvedic medicine.

20) Pushpavarga (Puspavarga, Pushpa-varga):
Pushpa-varga designates a category focused on flowers within Indian Ayurvedic literature. Understanding this classification aids practitioners in identifying flowers that possess therapeutic properties and uses in treatments, enriching practices by ensuring that herbal preparations leverage the full spectrum of a plant’s beneficial aspects.

21) Medicine:
Medicines encompass a broad array of substances used for healing, including herbal formulations in Ayurveda. Understanding the variety of available medicines allows practitioners to tailor treatments to individual needs, ensuring effective strategies are employed for managing a wide range of health conditions.

22) Disease:
Disease signifies a state of imbalance or dysfunction in the body, as understood in Ayurvedic philosophy. Knowledge of specific diseases and their corresponding herbal remedies allows practitioners to directly address patient concerns and tailor treatments to restore health through targeted amending of doshic imbalances.

23) Samhita:
Samhita refers to ancient texts that compile knowledge on Ayurveda, including treatment methodologies and medicinal plant classifications. These texts form the bedrock of Ayurvedic education and practice and serve as invaluable resources for practitioners seeking to understand the historical foundations and evolving applications of traditional medicine.

24) Species:
Species represents the basic unit of biological classification in taxonomy. Identifying the species, such as Ocimum basilicum, provides essential information for understanding its properties, applications, and interactions with other species, crucial for effective herbal medicine practice and minimizing any potential adverse effects.

25) Dravya:
Dravya denotes the substance or material used in Ayurvedic interventions, including medicinal plants and their derivatives. Knowledge of different dravyas and their properties is key for practitioners aiming to create effective formulations and therapies tailored to individual needs and health circumstances.

26) Ruksha (Ruksa):
Ruksha translates to 'dry' in Ayurvedic terminology, one of the qualities that describe herbs or drugs. Understanding a drug's ruksha quality informs practitioners about its texture, effects on bodily tissues, and indicates its suitability for treating conditions such as excess moisture or phlegm in the body.

27) Tuvari:
Tuvari is another synonym for Ocimum basilicum in Ayurveda, highlighting its recognition and classification within traditional texts. Each synonym often reflects varying qualities or regional significance, enriching the understanding of the plant and its applications in treating various health conditions.

28) Family:
Family denotes the higher taxonomic classification grouping related genera, aiding in biological taxonomy. In Ayurveda, the classification of herbs by family, such as Lamiaceae for Ocimum basilicum, provides insights into shared characteristics and benefits, potentially simplifying herb selection for acquired healing properties.

29) Kapha:
Kapha is one of the three doshas in Ayurveda, symbolizing the elements of earth and water. Its balance is crucial for physical and mental health, and understanding its characteristics aids practitioners in diagnosing and treating conditions related to excess or deficiency of this dosha with appropriate herbs.

30) Tulsi:
Tulsi, often synonymous with Ocimum basilicum, is revered both spiritually and medicinally in various cultures. As a powerful adaptogen, it is used to alleviate stress, enhance immunity, and plays a central role in holistic health approaches within Ayurveda, showcasing the plant's cultural significance and versatility.

31) Blood:
Blood in the Ayurvedic view is symbolic of life force and vitality and is associated with the Pitta dosha. Understanding its implications helps practitioners diagnose conditions related to blood, identify potential imbalances, and select appropriate treatments and herbs to promote healthy circulation and overall vitality.

32) Sindhi (Sindh, Shindhi):
Sindh is a geographical region significant in the cultivation and use of many medicinal plants in Ayurveda, including Ocimum basilicum. Its rich cultural heritage influences regional traditional practices and the availability of diverse herbal resources, underscoring the importance of locality in Ayurvedic medicine.

33) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa refers to the taste of a substance, crucial in Ayurveda for determining its effects on the body. There are six primary rasas, and selecting herbs based on their rasa helps practitioners harmonize treatments with individual doshic needs, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes.

34) Gana:
Gana is a classification that groups together medicinal plants with similar properties or actions. This systematic approach allows practitioners to easily identify and compare herbs for therapeutic use, thereby streamlining the selection of appropriate remedies based on diseases and individual patient needs.

35) Bhavaprakashanighantu (Bhavaprakasanighantu, Bhavaprakasha-nighantu):
Bhavaprakasha-nighantu is a classical Ayurvedic text that serves as a reference for medicinal plants and their therapeutic applications. Such texts provide in-depth knowledge about various herbs, guiding practitioners in effective treatment selection and contributing to the preservation of traditional medical knowledge in Ayurveda.

36) Dhanvantarinighantu (Dhanvantari-nighantu):
Dhanvantari-nighantu, attributed to the Ayurvedic deity of medicine, catalogs plant species and their uses in healing. This text embodies a wealth of traditional wisdom, allowing practitioners to access a database of plants for various ailments, underscoring the amalgamation of spirituality and healing practices in Ayurveda.

37) Madanapalanighantu (Madanapala-nighantu):
Madanapala-nighantu is a significant Ayurvedic text that details the properties and uses of medicinal plants. It offers valuable resources for practitioners seeking to understand the efficacy, indications, and preparations of various herbs, ensuring a well-rounded approach to traditional medicine and health.

38) Kaiyadevanighantu (Kaiyadeva-nighantu):
Kaiyadeva-nighantu is another essential Ayurvedic compendium that addresses the classifications and therapeutic properties of various herbs, enriching the practice of Ayurvedic medicine by providing insights into plant applications, ensuring continuity of traditional knowledge and its practical utility in healing.

39) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological refers to the study of drug actions within the body, emphasizing the importance of understanding the effects of herbal substances, like those derived from Ocimum basilicum. This knowledge is crucial for validating traditional claims and integrating contemporary scientific research with Ayurveda's holistic approaches to treatment.

40) Gandhabahula (Gandha-bahula):
Gandhabahula is a synonym that indicates the fragrant quality of certain plants, such as Ocimum basilicum. In Ayurveda, aromatic properties are highly valued, as they enhance therapeutic effects and improve patient experiences in treatments, thereby influencing the choice of herbs used in various traditional applications.

41) Haritavarga (Harita-varga):
Harita-varga refers to a categorization within Ayurvedic texts that focuses on green or herbal plants known for their medicinal properties. Identifying plants within this varga allows practitioners to harness a wide array of herbal treatments, enriching therapeutic strategies suitable for different health conditions and individual needs.

42) Katuskandha (Katu-skandha):
Katu-skandha is a classification in Ayurvedic literature referring to pungent plants or those with bitter tastes. Inclusion in this category helps practitioners understand the properties and potential therapeutic actions of these herbs in enhancing digestion, stimulating appetite, or addressing diseases associated with low digestive fire.

43) Inflammation:
Inflammation describes the body's response to injury or infection and is viewed as a key factor in many diseases within Ayurveda. Various herbs are utilized to reduce inflammation, showcasing the importance of understanding such conditions to guide appropriate treatment strategies in holistic health practices.

44) Dhanvantari (Dhanvamtari):
Dhanvantari, a revered figure in Ayurveda, symbolizes the integration of spirituality and healing. As the god of medicine, the reference to Dhanvantari in Ayurvedic texts like the Dhanvantari-nighantu reflects the divine origins of healing knowledge, emphasizing respect for traditional practices and holistic health approaches.

45) Agnimandya (Agni-mandya, Agnimamdya):
Agnimandya refers to impaired digestive fire in Ayurveda, a critical concept influencing overall health. Identifying this condition allows practitioners to recommend specific herbs and treatments that help restore digestive balance, showcasing the intricate links between metabolism and holistic health management in Ayurvedic medicine.

46) Dharmendra (Dharma-indra):
Dharmendra is one of the authors mentioned in the review, signifying academic contributions to the understanding of Ocimum basilicum in Ayurveda. Acknowledging contributing individuals helps highlight collaborative efforts in expanding Ayurvedic knowledge, emphasizing the importance of rigorous research and literature in the ongoing evolution of traditional medicine.

47) Kashtartava (Kastartava, Kashta-artava):
Kastartava signifies the condition of difficult childbirth in Ayurveda. Understanding such conditions prompts practitioners to utilize specific herbs and treatments that enhance women's health and labor, highlighting the comprehensive approach Ayurveda takes towards maternal health and the significance of specific plant properties in such situations.

48) Krimiroga (Krmiroga, Krimi-roga):
Krimiroga refers to diseases caused by parasitic infections in Ayurveda. Knowledge of krimiroga guides practitioners in selecting appropriate anti-parasitic herbs, including those from Ocimum basilicum, emphasizing the importance of targeted herbal treatments addressing specific illnesses prevalent in traditional health practices.

49) Vataroga (Vata-roga):
Vataroga pertains to disorders caused by an imbalance in the Vata dosha, which governs movement and communication within the body. Recognizing these conditions allows practitioners to employ specific herbs and treatments aimed at restoring Vata balance, emphasizing the personalized approach of Ayurveda in dealing with varied health issues.

50) Prakasha (Prakasa):
Prakasha means 'light' or 'illumination' in Sanskrit and signifies clarity in the understanding and application of Ayurvedic practices. This notion is integral as it reflects the aim of holistic treatments to bring about awareness and understanding of one's health, guiding individuals toward informed choices and practices.

51) Surasadi (Surasa-adi):
Surasadi is a classification within Ayurvedic texts highlighting particular groups of medicinal substances. Recognizing various classifications enables practitioners to effectively navigate the extensive knowledge in herbal medicine, ensuring that they utilize the most suitable plants for treating specific ailments.

52) Shiroroga (Siroroga, Shiras-roga):
Siroroga refers to head-related disorders in Ayurveda. Identifying this category allows practitioners to focus specific treatments on ailments affecting the head, using suitable herbs that have alleviating properties for conditions like headaches or migraines, demonstrating Ayurveda's tailored approach to health concerns.

53) Sanskrit:
Sanskrit is the ancient language of India, used in many classical texts of Ayurveda. Understanding Sanskrit is essential for practitioners and scholars as it provides direct access to original Ayurvedic literature and concepts, ensuring accurate interpretations of traditional knowledge and practices remain intact.

54) Skandha (Skamdha, Skamda):
Skandha refers to a specific classification of herbs or substances in Ayurvedic texts, guiding treatment protocols. This categorization allows practitioners to select appropriate herbs based on the clinical context, enhancing their ability to deliver customized and effective herbal therapies in their practices.

55) Barbara (Varvara):
Barbara signifies a synonym for Ocimum basilicum, representing the integration of traditional knowledge and nomenclature in Ayurveda. Understanding this term aids practitioners in recognizing the extensive cultural heritage associated with the plant and its widespread applications across various regions and practices.

56) Dharana:
Dharana refers to the qualities that a substance possesses that affect its medicinal application. It is essential for Ayurvedic practice, guiding selection based on how these qualities influence health and treatment, thereby ensuring a holistic approach to individual needs and therapeutic goals.

57) Krishna (Krsna):
Krishna is often used as an identifier in traditional contexts, particularly referring to the darker variety of Ocimum basilicum. Distinguishing between different varieties helps Ayurveda practitioners understand the unique properties and uses based on the characteristics of the plant, enriching their treatment options.

58) Konkani (Komkani):
Konkani refers to a language spoken primarily in the coastal regions of India, highlighting the regional diversity in the usage of medicinal plants like Ocimum basilicum. Recognizing linguistic aspects enhances the understanding of how local cultures and practices shape herbal medicine traditions in various areas.

59) Jangali (Jamgali, Jamgalijvara):
Jangali refers to 'wild' and signifies varieties of Ocimum basilicum that grow in natural or uncultivated environments. Understanding these wild variants aids Ayurvedic practitioners by expanding the range of available herbs, each with unique properties and applications in maintaining health and treating diseases.

60) Marathi:
Marathi indicates the regional language primarily spoken in the state of Maharashtra, which relates to local medicinal terminology for plants. Being aware of these local names helps practitioners connect with regional practices and facilitate better communication when sharing Ayurvedic knowledge among diverse populations.

61) Kannada:
Kannada is a language widely spoken in the Indian state of Karnataka, impacting local herbal medicine practices. Knowledge of regional languages and names enriches Ayurvedic practice, allowing practitioners to bridge gaps in traditional practices and foster understanding of medicinal plants within culturally relevant contexts.

62) Bengali:
Bengali relates to the language and culture particular to the Bengal region. Recognizing the regional terminology and practices related to medicinal plants in this context enriches Ayurvedic practitioners' understanding, ensuring they can effectively communicate and apply traditional knowledge in a culturally sensitive manner.

63) Ashtanga (Astanga, Ashtan-anga):
Astanga refers to the classical text, Astanga Hridaya, an important compendium in Ayurveda. This text outlines the foundational principles of Ayurvedic practice, making it essential for practitioners and scholars seeking to deepen their understanding of holistic medicine, treatments, and the theoretical constructs shaping the discipline.

64) Pungent:
Pungent describes a strong taste or odor, particularly associated with certain medicinal herbs. Understanding the pungent quality aids practitioners in selecting herbs that stimulate bodily functions, including digestion or circulation, thereby ensuring effective treatment plans are tailored to specific health concerns within the Ayurvedic context.

65) Habitat:
Habitat refers to the natural environment where a plant species grows. Understanding the habitat of medicinal plants, such as Ocimum basilicum, is essential for practitioners as it influences the plant's availability, quality, and traditional uses, thus impacting its therapeutic applications in Ayurveda.

66) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
Tantra in Ayurveda refers to texts or teachings that incorporate specific systems of knowledge or practice. Understanding the tantras is vital for practitioners as they delve into complex aspects of Ayurvedic medicine, fostering a broader understanding of how different practices interconnect within this rich tradition.

67) Skanda (Skamda):
Skanda signifies a classification or category within Ayurvedic texts relevant to medicinal herbs. Understanding how plants are categorized helps practitioners navigate the vast array of knowledge available, ensuring they utilize traditional classifications effectively to inform their treatment protocols.

68) Harita:
Harita refers to green or herbal plants within Ayurvedic classifications. Recognizing these plants helps guide practitioners in identifying those with medicinal properties, ensuring a comprehensive approach to therapeutic applications that leverage the benefits of nature's bounty in healing.

69) Karala:
Karala refers to a specific classification or quality indicated in Ayurvedic texts. Understanding such classifications helps practitioners accurately apply herbs in treatment, ensuring the right medicinal properties are matched with individual patient needs, maintaining Ayurveda's holistic and personalized approach to health.

70) Vipaka:
Vipaka describes the post-digestive effect of a substance on the body in Ayurveda. Understanding this concept is essential for practitioners, as it informs them about how different herbs influence the body's metabolism and overall health, guiding the formulation of effective dietary and medicinal regimens.

71) Murcha:
Murcha signifies a state of faintness or loss of consciousness in Ayurveda. Identifying such conditions prompts practitioners to select appropriate treatments and herbs that can invigorate and sustain health. This highlights Ayurveda's comprehensive approach to addressing various physical and mental health challenges.

72) Karaka:
Karaka refers to factors or causes of a specific effect or action in Ayurveda, particularly regarding medicinal properties. Understanding cannabis's karaka qualities helps practitioners effectively select herbs that enhance specific therapeutic actions, assuring individualized care in traditional medicine practices.

73) Sharadi (Saradi):
Saradi refers to seasonal plants or herbs used in Ayurveda, typically highlighting their relevance and availability during specific times of the year. Recognizing the seasonal dynamics of herb availability ensures practitioners can provide optimal therapeutic interventions aligned with nature's cycles.

74) Phanta (Phamta):
Phanta refers to a traditional Ayurvedic preparation typically made from herbs soaked in water. Understanding various preparation methods, including phanta, enables practitioners to create effective herbal remedies that are easily administered, ensuring they optimize the therapeutic potential of the plants used.

75) Bitter:
Bitter describes one of the five basic tastes, crucial for identifying herbs used in promoting digestion and detoxification. Acknowledging bitter herbs allows practitioners to utilize them in treatments focused on appetite enhancement and digestive health, illustrating the significant role taste plays in Ayurvedic medicine.

[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 100]

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Ayurveda, Nighantu, Sweet basil, Medicinal plant, Pungent taste, Medicinal properties, Traditional medicine, Therapeutic use, Pharmacological properties, Diuretic, Ayurvedic classic, Antipyretic, Emmenagogue, Lamiaceae family, Anti dysenteric.

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