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Glossary definitions and references:

Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for 鈥淓valuating Siddha vs. conventional diagnostics for Karpavippuruthi.鈥�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.

1) Siddha:
The Siddha system of medicine is an integral part of Indian traditional medicine, offering holistic healing involving the restoration of balance within the body, mind, and soul. It emphasizes diagnosing and treating diseases through specific techniques unique to the Siddha tradition.

2) Disease:
In the context of the Siddha system, diagnosing a disease involves revealing its causes by examining indicators such as pulse, urine, eyes, voice, the color of the body, tongue, and the digestive system's status.

3) Cancer:
The study assesses the traditional Siddha diagnostic techniques for conditions like endometrial cancer, which is identified with symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, emaciation, and abnormal mass in the uterus.

4) Pulse:
The examination of the pulse is one of the eightfold examinations in the Siddha system, where pulse characteristics like vatham, pitham, and kapham play provided insights into the patient's state of health or disease.

5) Pain:
Pelvic pain is one of the clinical symptoms associated with karpavippuruthi, a gynaecological condition assessed in the study, which may correlate with modern medical concepts such as endometrial cancer and fibromyoma.

6) Medicine:
Siddha medicine, a traditional form of treatment in India, uses various diagnostic methods and remedies aimed at restoring balance among the three humours (vatham, pitham, and kabham) for the treatment of diseases.

7) Nature:
The nature of the body, such as humoral imbalances (vatham, pitham, kabham), is deeply analyzed for holistic diagnosis and treatment in the Siddha system, acknowledging unique bodily characteristics and their influence on health.

8) Muttu:
Muthu shape is one of the possible outcomes observed during the oil drop test on urine, which is used as a diagnostic measure in the Siddha medical system to infer the type and severity of a disease.

9) Science (Scientific):
The study aimed to validate traditional Siddha diagnostic methods with the aid of conventional scientific diagnostic techniques to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these ancient methods.

10) Bitter:
A bitter taste on the tongue, found during oral examination, is indicative of piththam humour imbalance, often seen in patients suffering from conditions like endometrial cancer, as diagnosed by Siddha diagnostic methods.

11) Pittam (Pittham):
One of the three humours in Siddha medicine, pitham is a principle of functional constitution in the body; an imbalance can lead to various ailments which are diagnosed through specific traditional examination techniques.

12) Tamilnadu (Tamil-nadu):
Tamilnadu is the region where the study was conducted, specifically within institutions like the National Institute of Siddha and the Government Siddha Medical College located in Thirunelvelli and Tambaram Sanatorium, Chennai.

13) Teraiyar:
Theraiyar is a renowned author in Siddha medicine who has described the significance of urine examination and the interpretation of results like color and spreading patterns in disease diagnosis.

14) Thirst:
Excessive thirst is one of the clinical symptoms of karpavippuruthi, a gynaecological disease correlated with modern medical conditions such as endometrial cancer and fibromyoma.

15) Indian:
The Siddha system of medicine is an integrated part of the Indian system of medicine, which emphasizes finding the balance among the three humours and offers a holistic healing approach.

16) Vattam:
In Siddha medicine, vatham is one of the three humours that represent the functional aspects of the body; its imbalance, observed through methods like pulse examination, can indicate specific health issues.

17) Pitha:
Pitha (Pitham) is one of the three humours in Siddha medicine and signifies the conversion energy within the body; an imbalance in pitham is diagnosed through traditional methods such as tongue and pulse examination.

18) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH is an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy; it represents the various Indian traditional systems of medicine, and the journal AYUSHDHARA publishes research related to these fields.

19) Mita:
Mitha veppam, meaning moderate heat, is a condition observed during bodily examinations in Siddha diagnostics, indicating the balance or imbalance of humours within the body.

20) Mala:
Mala sikkal, referring to constipation, is one of the observations made during stool examination in the Siddha diagnostic process, reflecting the digestive status and humoral imbalance in patients.

21) Miku:
Migu veppam refers to high body heat and is a condition observed during the sparisam (touch) examination in Siddha diagnostics, indicating the balance or imbalance of humours in the patient's body.

22) Common People (Common Folk):
Traditional diagnostic methods in Siddha medicine, such as wrist circummetric sign and oil on urine examination, offer accessible, cost-effective tools for common people to identify and understand their health conditions.

23) Discussion:
The discussion section of the study explores the relevance and effectiveness of Siddha diagnostic methods in identifying conditions like karpavippuruthi, illustrating how conventional vs. traditional diagnostic approaches can be integrated.

24) Testimony:
Testimony of causative elements is a fundamental aspect of Siddha diagnosis, encompassing the examination of the pulse, urine, eyes, tongue, and bodily functions to reveal disease causes and imbalances.

25) Inference:
Inferences from the traditional diagnostic methods such as the spreading pattern of oil on urine are analyzed to distinguish patients with karpavippuruthi from healthy individuals, highlighting the significance of such ancient techniques.

26) Vitiation (Vitiated):
Vitiation refers to the imbalance of the three humours (vatham, pitham, kabham) in Siddha medicine, which is identified through methods like eightfold examination and wrist circummetric sign for appropriate diagnosis and treatment.

27) Akattiyar:
Agathiyar is a significant figure in Siddha medicine who, along with other sages like Theraiyar, documented diagnostic techniques such as the interpretation of oil spreading patterns on urine.

28) Pariksha (Pariksa):
'Pariksha' in the context of Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine, refers to an examination or test, such as the 'Thaila bindhu pariksha,' used to diagnose diseases based on oil drop spreading patterns on urine.

29) Sweating (Sweat):
[see source text or glossary: Sweating]

30) Siddhar:
The Siddhar tradition forms the foundation of Siddha medicine, with ancient sages like Agathiyar and Theraiyar contributing significantly to the body of knowledge on diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

31) Chennai:
Chennai is the location where institutions such as the National Institute of Siddha and the Ayothidoss Pandithar hospital conduct studies and provide treatment based on Siddha medical principles.

32) Cattiya:
M.Sathiyabama is one of the scholars who contributed to the study on evaluating Siddha diagnostic methods for karpavippuruthi, demonstrating the integration of Siddha practices with conventional diagnostic techniques.

33) Taila (Thaila):
Thaila bindhu pariksha is a traditional diagnostic technique similar to the oil drop on urine test in Siddha medicine, where the spreading pattern of oil on the urine surface indicates the type and severity of a disease.

34) India:
India is the country where the Siddha system of medicine originated and is widely practiced, forming part of its traditional healthcare systems alongside Ayurveda, Unani, and other indigenous practices.

35) Glass:
A glass bowl is used to hold the urine sample during the oil drop on urine examination in Siddha diagnostics, ensuring the accuracy of the spreading pattern by minimizing external disturbances.

36) Pearl:
Pearl shape is one of the spreading patterns observed in the oil drop on urine diagnostic method in Siddha medicine, indicating specific health conditions based on the oil's interaction with the urine.

37) Blood:
Abnormal uterine bleeding, which may lead to excessive blood loss, is one of the clinical symptoms of karpavippuruthi, a condition evaluated through Siddha and conventional diagnostic methods.

38) Kuri:
[see source text or glossary: Kuri]

39) Udal:
[see source text or glossary: Udal]

40) Wind:
External factors such as wind are controlled during Siddha diagnostic methods like the oil drop on urine test to ensure accurate observation of the oil spreading pattern, which indicates the patient's health status.

41) Drug:
[see source text or glossary: Drug]

42) Inci (Imci):
[see source text or glossary: Inch]