Evaluation of Paniya Kshara in urinary tract infection: A trial.
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: Clinical evaluation of paniya kshara in mutrakrichha w.s.r. to lower urinary tract infection: a controlled randomised clinical trial
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Gupta Sudesh
Professor and HOD, Department of Shalya Tantra, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Nardini (Raipur), Jammu, India.
Sharma Kumar Arun
Final year P.G. Scholar, Department of Shalya Tantra, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Nardini (Raipur), Jammu, India.
Sharma Sakshi
Final year P.G. Scholar, Department of Shalya Tantra, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Nardini (Raipur), Jammu, India.
Prasher Aarushi
Final year P.G. Scholar, Department of Shalya Tantra, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Nardini (Raipur), Jammu, India.
Manhas Raman
Final year P.G. Scholar, Department of Shalya Tantra, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Nardini (Raipur), Jammu, India.
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: Clinical evaluation of paniya kshara in mutrakrichha w.s.r. to lower urinary tract infection: a controlled randomised clinical trial
Year: 2021 | Doi: 10.47070/ayushdhara.v8i1.686
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
Mutrakrichha is a condition characterized by painful and difficult urination, also associated with discomfort and other symptoms. This disorder falls under the category of urinary tract diseases and is often aligned with lower urinary tract infections (UTIs), which affect over 150 million people globally each year. Ancient Ayurvedic texts describe various forms of Mutrakrichha and outline its symptoms and treatments, including the use of Paniya Kshara, an age-old remedy known for its alkalizing properties. This clinical trial evaluates the efficacy of Paniya Kshara in alleviating symptoms of Mutrakrichha among a group of thirty patients suffering from this condition.
Efficacy of Paniya Kshara
Paniya Kshara, derived from the lotus stem, was studied for its therapeutic effects on patients experiencing painful micturition, fever, urgency, and tenderness. The preparation method involves drying the lotus stem and converting it into ash, which is then mixed with water and filtered to create a concentrated solution. The results of the study demonstrated statistically significant improvements in various symptoms: patients reported relief from painful and burning micturition, reduced frequency of urination, alleviated fever, and a decrease in pus cells in urine. The findings support the use of Paniya Kshara as an effective treatment modality for urinary complications.
Role of Patient Demographics in Disease Incidence
The study suggested that the incidence of Mutrakrichha is particularly prevalent among individuals aged 40 and above, with a notable predominance in females. The anatomical differences, such as a shorter urethra in women, may contribute to their increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections. Socioeconomic factors and dietary habits, including high consumption of spicy and fast foods, also emerged as potential etiology leading to the condition. The majority of the participants were found to have mixed diets and insufficient fluid intake, which can exacerbate urinary problems.
Conclusion
The research highlights the effectiveness of Paniya Kshara in treating symptoms associated with Mutrakrichha, especially within the demographic of middle-aged women. The remedy appears to relieve painful urination and improve overall urinary health, supporting its continued use in Ayurvedic practices. Given the increasing prevalence of urinary disorders, the study underscores the need for further research into herbal treatments that can be integrated into conventional medical approaches to enhance patient care and outcomes.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the purpose of the study on Paniya Kshara?
The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Paniya Kshara in treating Mutrakrichha, particularly concerning lower urinary tract infection symptoms such as painful micturition, urgency, and fever.
How was Paniya Kshara prepared for the clinical trial?
Paniya Kshara was prepared by collecting Kamalnaal, drying it, burning it into ash, mixing the ash with water, and filtering to obtain Ksharjala, which was then thickened and powdered.
What were the main findings regarding the efficacy of Paniya Kshara?
The study showed statistically significant improvements in symptoms such as painful micturition, burning sensation, frequency of urination, fever, and reduction in pus cells after the treatment with Paniya Kshara.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Evaluation of Paniya Kshara in urinary tract infection: A trial.�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Kshara (Ksara):
Kshara is mentioned as an effective remedy in Ayurvedic treatment. It has been used since ancient times for its properties, such as burning, soothing inflamed mucosa, and regulating urinary pH. Specifically, Paniya Kshara is used in treating Mutrakrichha, which is associated with urinary tract infections.
2) Paniya:
Paniya refers to a preparation consumed internally, such as Paniya Kshara, which is made from natural sources like Kamalnaal (Lotus stem). This mixture helps manage urinary disorders due to its alkalizing and soothing properties on the urinary tract.
3) Disease:
In the context of Ayurveda, a disease like Mutrakrichha involves symptoms and classifications detailed by ancient scholars like Charaka and Sushruta. Mutrakrichha corresponds to a condition with painful urination and is akin to a modern lower urinary tract infection.
4) Mutra:
Mutra means urine. Mutrakrichha denotes difficulty in urinating, highlighting issues like burning, frequency, and urgency. The keyword Mutra is fundamental to understanding urinary disorders described in Ayurvedic literature.
5) Fever:
Fever is one of the symptoms evaluated in the study on Paniya Kshara in treating Mutrakrichha. Patients' fever levels were assessed to determine the therapy's effectiveness, showing statistically significant improvement.
6) Tantra (Tamtra, Tantrism):
Tantra, specifically Shalya Tantra, the department focusing on surgical treatments and related therapies in Ayurveda. The clinical trial on Paniya Kshara in Mutrakrichha belongs to this field, emphasizing its comprehensive approach to disease.
7) Sharman (Sarma, Sharma, Sarman):
Sharma refers to Kumar Arun Sharma, one of the scholars conducting this clinical study on Paniya Kshara. His work as a final year P.G. Scholar at the Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research is pivotal in this research article.
8) Shalyatantra (Salyatantra, Shalya-tantra, Shalyatamtra):
Shalya-tantra is the traditional surgical field in Ayurveda. The Department of Shalya Tantra at the Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research conducted this study, demonstrating the medical science's diversity, including surgical and non-surgical approaches.
9) Shalya (Salya):
Shalya refers to surgery in Ayurveda. The study on Paniya Kshara falls under the Shalya Tantra department, indicating the interdisciplinary nature of treatments involving surgical (Shalya) and internal (Tantra) methods.
10) Drug:
Paniya Kshara, derived from Kamalnaal, is the drug used in this study. It functions as an alkalizer and has various therapeutic properties like soothing inflamed mucosa and maintaining urinary pH to treat Mutrakrichha.
11) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine, encompassing multiple disciplines like Shalya Tantra. The clinical trial on Paniya Kshara for treating Mutrakrichha is rooted in Ayurvedic principles and treatments.
12) Nelumbo nucifera:
Nelumbo nucifera, or Lotus, is the plant from which Kamalnaal, used to produce Paniya Kshara, is derived. It has pharmacological activities beneficial for treating urinary tract infections, including anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties.
13) Mutraghata (Mutra-aghata):
Mutraghata refers to urinary obstruction conditions, distinct from Mutrakrichha, though both involve urinary issues. Sushruta separately described them, highlighting their detailed classification in Ayurvedic texts.
14) Pravritti (Pravrtti):
Pravritti means activity or occurrence. In Mutra Pravritti, it refers to the act of urination. Mutrakrichha involves Krichha pravritti or difficulty in urination, a central symptom addressed in the study.
15) Education:
Education is vital for carrying out such clinical studies. Institutions like the Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research provide the necessary academic foundation, as acknowledged by the authors involved in this study.
16) Lakshana (Laksana):
Lakshana signifies symptoms. Mutrakrichha's Lakshanas include painful and frequent urination, burning sensations, and fever, which are crucial for diagnosing and assessing the treatment effectiveness in this study.
17) Nidana:
Nidana refers to the causative factors of a disease. The Nidana for Mutrakrichha includes etiological factors that lead to changes in urine concentration, promoting microbial growth in the urinary tract.
18) Nature:
Nature, in this context, refers to the natural sources like Kamalnaal used for preparing Paniya Kshara, which have intrinsic therapeutic qualities, aligning with the Ayurvedic emphasis on natural treatments.
19) Gupta:
Gupta refers to Sudesh Gupta, the head of the department supervising this clinical trial. His leadership at the Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research was instrumental to the study on Paniya Kshara.
20) Kumar:
Kumar refers to Arun Kumar Sharma, one of the researchers. He is a final-year P.G. scholar who co-authored this study evaluating the efficacy of Paniya Kshara in treating Mutrakrichha under the broader spectrum of Ayurveda.
21) Shri (Sri, Sr):
Shri is an honorific used in acknowledging the institutions and individuals involved in the research study, like Shri Sain Charitable Trust for Higher Education and Research, which facilitated this clinical trial.
22) Diet:
The patients� diet in this study indicated a significant role in the occurrence of Mutrakrichha. Mixed diets with spicy, fried, and fast foods were noted to potentially increase the acidic burden, contributing to urinary issues.
23) Pain:
Pain, particularly in painful micturition, is a primary symptom of Mutrakrichha. The study's results showed statistically significant relief in pain after treatment with Paniya Kshara, proving its efficacy.
24) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological properties of Nelumbo nucifera, from which Kamalnaal is derived, include anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and bacteriostatic effects. These pharmacological activities are vital in treating Mutrakrichha.
25) Transmission:
Transmission of bacterial pathogens, often through sexual activity, is a noted contributing factor to Mutrakrichha, emphasizing the need for treatments like Paniya Kshara that can manage bacterial infections.
26) Discussion:
The discussion section of the article explores the study's findings, emphasizing the high significance of Paniya Kshara in treating Mutrakrichha by alleviating symptoms like pain, fever, and urgency.
27) Flavonoid:
Flavonoids, present in Nelumbo nucifera, contribute to its therapeutic effects. These compounds exhibit various beneficial properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, relevant to treating Mutrakrichha.
28) Kashyapa (Kasyapa, Kashya-pa, Kashyapanamdana):
Kashyapa is an ancient Ayurvedic Acharya who detailed the signs and symptoms of Mutrakrichha, providing a historical and textual basis for understanding urinary disorders and guiding contemporary treatments.
29) Prakriti (Prakrti):
Prakriti refers to the individual’s constitution or body type in Ayurveda. The study observed that 56.7% of patients had a Vatta-Pittaja Prakriti, which may influence their susceptibility to Mutrakrichha.
30) Prameha:
Prameha includes a broad category of urinary disorders, with 20 types mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. Mutrakrichha shares similarities with some Prameha symptoms, linking various urinary ailments under detailed classifications.
31) Ashmari (Asmari):
Ashmari or urinary stones are one of the conditions described in Ayurvedic texts. The clinical trial excluded patients with renal calculus, focusing on those with Mutrakrichha for specific evaluation of Paniya Kshara.
32) Pittaja (Pitta-ja):
Pittaja refers to a type of constitution or condition influenced by the Pitta dosha. The study noted that 56.7% of patients had Vatta-Pittaja Prakriti, relevant for understanding their disease dynamics and treatment response.
33) Sakshi (Saksi):
Sakshi refers to Sakshi Sharma, one of the final-year P.G. scholars involved in this research. Her contribution to the clinical evaluation illustrates teamwork in conducting detailed Ayurvedic studies.
34) Srotas (Shrotas):
Srotas mean channels in the body, responsible for transport and elimination. Mutrakrichha involves the Mutravaha Srotas, which are the channels or pathways related to urinary function and affected in infections.
35) Powder:
Powder refers to the form in which Paniya Kshara is prepared. The Kamalnaal-derived Kshara was processed into a fine powder, which was then administered to patients to treat Mutrakrichha.
36) Indian:
Indian literature, particularly Ayurvedic texts, are rich sources of detailed descriptions and treatments for diseases like Mutrakrichha. The study taps into this traditional knowledge for contemporary applications.
37) Varna:
Varna refers to color; specifically, Gaumutra Varna Ksharjala describes the color of the supernatant fluid obtained during Paniya Kshara preparation. This step ensures the preparation's authenticity and therapeutic quality.
38) India:
India is where this study was conducted, specifically at the Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research. The research taps into the wealth of Indian Ayurvedic knowledge to address modern medical concerns.
39) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSH is an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy, representing traditional medicine systems recognized and promoted in India. The journal AYUSHDHARA publishes research like this study on Paniya Kshara.
40) Roga:
Roga is the term for disease in Ayurveda. Mutrakrichha is one such Roga involving urinary tract discomfort and infection. This study examines its treatment with Paniya Kshara under the lens of Ayurvedic practices.
41) Vega:
Vega refers to urges or natural body functions. Mutrakrichha involves issues with the Mutra Vega or the natural urge to urinate, causing pain and difficulty, which Paniya Kshara aims to alleviate by restoring normal function.
42) Food:
The patients' diet, noted for spicy and fried foods, influenced the incidence of Mutrakrichha. Dietary habits contribute to the body's acidic burden, affecting the urinary tract and necessitating treatments like Paniya Kshara.
43) Viru:
[see source text or glossary: Viru]
Other Science Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: �Evaluation of Paniya Kshara in urinary tract infection: A trial.�. Further sources in the context of Science might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Alkaline nature, Acharya Sushruta, Acharya Charaka, Subjective Criteria, Objective Criteria, Diuretic action, Statistically highly significant, Lower urinary tract infection, Frequency of Micturition, Paniya Kshara, Difficulty in micturition, Mutrakrichha, Urgency, Burning micturation.