A comparative pharmaceutico-analytical study of tutthadrav
Journal name: Ayushdhara
Original article title: A comparative pharmaceutico-analytical study of tutthadrav
AYUSHDHARA is an international peer-reviewed journal. It focuses on research in Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, Allopathy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
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Dadasaheb Patil*
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Rasashatra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, RIARCH, Mayani, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra
Amit Pawar
Associate Professor, Dept. of Rasashatra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, RIARCH, Mayani, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra
Dattu Virkar
Professor, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, RIARCH, Mayani, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra
Ayushdhara:
(A peer-reviewed, bi-monthly open-access journal)
Full text available for: A comparative pharmaceutico-analytical study of tutthadrav
Year: 2018
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Download the PDF file of the original publication
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The study presented in the AYUSHDHARA journal explores the pharmaceutico-analytical properties of Tutthadrava, a derivative of copper sulfate (Tuttha) used in Ayurvedic medicine. Recognized for its medicinal properties since ancient times, Tuttha undergoes a purification process known as Shodhana, which is essential to mitigate potential side effects and enhance its therapeutic efficacy. This research not only emphasizes the importance of these traditional practices but also underscores the need for rigorous analytical evaluations to validate the quality and safety of Ayurvedic preparations.
Importance of Shodhana Process
One key focus of the study is the Shodhana process, which involves the purification of Tuttha through various methods. In total, five distinct Shodhana methods were utilized—Nirmalikaran, Nimbu Swarasa Mardan, Raktachandan and Manjista Kwath Bhavana, Gomutra Swedana, and Dadim Swarasa Bhavana. Each method resulted in different visual characteristics of the Tuttha, highlighting the changes in color and texture, as well as the weight loss observed during purification. For instance, the Nimbu Swarasa Mardan method produced a sky blue Tuttha, while the Gomutra Swedana method yielded black-brown colored crystals, indicating the effectiveness of the purification process. This highlights the significance of selecting appropriate Shodhana techniques to achieve the desired therapeutic properties.
Analytical Evaluation of Tuttha
Another crucial aspect of the research is the analytical evaluation of Shodhit Tuttha samples, which assessed various parameters including pH, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, and loss on drying. The results revealed that the pH of the samples varied, with some showing higher values post-Shodhana, indicating alterations in chemical composition. Additionally, total ash contents across different samples were comparable, whereas the acid and water insoluble ash contents varied, demonstrating differing levels of inorganic materials and impurities. This analytical comparison not only supports the traditional practices associated with Tuttha preparation but also provides a modern scientific perspective on the quality assurance of Ayurvedic medicines.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the study reinforces the profound impact of the ancient Shodhana techniques on the therapeutic efficacy of Tuttha. By combining traditional Ayurvedic methods with modern analytical practices, the research establishes a framework for evaluating Ayurvedic medicines, ensuring their safety and efficacy for contemporary applications. The findings advocate for further exploration of Ayurvedic preparations in conjunction with rigorous scientific methodologies to validate and enhance their use in modern medicine. The comprehensive investigation of Tutthadrava contributes significantly to the understanding of how traditional practices can be integrated within the current health care systems for improved patient outcomes.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is Tutthadrava and its significance in Ayurvedic medicine?
Tutthadrava is a medicinal preparation derived from Tuttha (copper sulphate), known for its therapeutic properties. It has been used since ancient times for treating various ailments, particularly in external applications for wounds like Dushtavrana.
What methods were used for the Shodhana of Tuttha?
The purification (Shodhana) of Tuttha was performed using five different methods: Nimbu Swarasa Mardan, Raktachandan and Manjista kwath Bhavana, Gomutra Swedana, and Dadim Swarasa, each aiming to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity.
What analytical parameters were evaluated for Shodhit Tuttha?
The analytical study measured parameters including pH, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, and loss on drying. These measurements help assess the quality and safety of the processed Tuttha for medicinal use.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “A comparative pharmaceutico-analytical study of tutthadrav�. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Tuttha:
Tuttha is a mineral containing copper and sulphur, frequently utilized for medicinal purposes in both traditional and modern contexts. The term refers to copper sulphate, which has historical significance in treating various diseases.
2) Shodhana (Sodhana):
Shodhana refers to the purification process used to detoxify and prepare raw materials for medicinal use. It's mentioned in the context of Tuttha purification, which undergoes several methods to become usable and safe.
3) Gomutra (Go-mutra):
Gomutra is cow urine, used as a Dravya (substance) in Ayurvedic purification processes, including the Shodhana of Tuttha. Gomutra's use in Tuttha Shodhana involves heating and recrystallization to remove impurities.
4) Drava:
Drava refers to a liquid preparation. In the context of Tuttha, Tutthadrava is formed by dissolving Shodhitha Tuttha in water, creating a solution for various therapeutic applications, particularly for external use in wound treatment.
5) Dravya:
Dravya means substance or material. In the context of Tuttha Shodhana, various Dravyas such as Nimbu (lemon) juice, Gomutra, and Dadim swarasa are used for purification.
6) Powder:
Tuttha is powdered using a Khalva-yantra before undergoing various Shodhana processes. The powdering of the mineral is a preparatory step for its further purification and medicinal application.
7) Glass:
Glass containers and vessels are used during the Tuttha purification process, especially in storing filtrates and solutions for recrystallization. They help in visually monitoring the progress and quality of Shodhana.
8) Drug:
Tuttha is considered a therapeutic drug in traditional medicine systems like Rasashastra. The pharmacological preparations involve careful purification (Shodhana) to make it safe and effective for treating diseases.
9) Yantra (Yamtra):
Yantra refers to an instrument or apparatus. Different types of Yantras, such as Khalva-yantra and Dolayantra, are used in Tuttha purification for grinding and heating (Swedana) processes.
10) Patil:
Dr. Dadasaheb Patil is one of the authors of the study. He serves as an Assistant Professor at the Dept. of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana at RIARCH, Mayani, Dist- Satara, Maharashtra.
11) Ratti:
Ratti is a unit of measurement used in the preparation of Tutthadrava. For example, 2 or 4 Ratti of Shodhitha Tuttha is dissolved in water to prepare the medicinal solution.
12) Manjishtha (Manjistha, Mamjishtha):
Manjistha (scientific name: Rubia cordifolia) is a medicinal herb used in the Shodhana process of Tuttha. Its kwatha (decoction) is used to purify Tuttha, altering its color and reducing its toxicity.
13) Rasashastra (Rasa-shastra, Rasasastra):
Rasashastra is a branch of Ayurveda that focuses on the preparation and therapeutic use of mineral and metal-based formulations. It includes methods like Shodhana for the purification of substances like Tuttha.
14) Dolayantra (Dola-yantra, Dolayamtra):
Dola-yantra is used in the heating (Swedana) process of Shodhana, where substances like Tuttha are suspended and heated for purification.
15) Discussion:
The discussion in the study compares various Shodhana methods and their analytical results, evaluating their efficacy and effectiveness in purifying Tuttha for therapeutic use.
16) Vrana:
Vrana refers to wounds or ulcers. In Ayurveda, Tutthadrava is used for external treatment of vranas, showing anti-bacterial properties and facilitating the healing process.
17) Maharashtra (Maharastra, Maha-rashtra):
Maharashtra is the Indian state where Satara district is located, and it's home to RIARCH, where authors like Dr. Dadasaheb Patil are based.
18) Shatara (Satara):
Satara is a district in Maharashtra, India. It is mentioned as the location of RIARCH, where the research and authors like Dr. Dadasaheb Patil are affiliated.
19) Rasa (Rasha):
Rasa can refer to the essence or taste in Ayurveda, but in the context of Rasashastra, it often pertains to the preparation and use of metallic and mineral substances.
20) Bhaishajya (Bhaisajya):
Bhaishajya Kalpana is the branch of Ayurveda that deals with the formulation of medicines. Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana are collectively essential for preparing and purifying substances like Tuttha.
21) Lakshana (Laksana):
Grahya Lakshanas are specific characteristics or qualities examined during the selection and acceptance of raw Tuttha for purification processes.
22) Sasyaka (Shasyaka):
Sasyaka is a natural mineral source of Tuttha, often preferred in traditional texts. In its absence, artificial Tuttha can be used as an alternative.
23) Bhavana (Bha-vana):
Bhavana refers to the process of triturating or levigating substances with liquid media like Kwatha or Swarasa during Shodhana to enhance their properties.
24) Kalpana:
Bhaishajya Kalpana involves various pharmaceutical procedures, including the Shodhana and preparation of Tuttha and other substances for medicinal use.
25) Mineral:
Tuttha is a mineral compound containing copper and sulphur, commonly known as copper sulphate. It is subject to Shodhana processes to make it suitable for medicinal use.
26) Kvatha:
Kvatha refers to a decoction, such as the Raktachandan and Manjistha kwatha, used in the Shodhana process of Tuttha to purify and detoxify it.
27) Gandha (Gamdha):
Gandha means smell or odor. In the study, Gandha is one of the Ayurvedic parameters used to evaluate the characteristics of Shodhitha Tuttha samples.
28) Grahya:
Grahya Lakshanas are desirable characteristics used to select suitable samples of Tuttha for Shodhana. These include attributes like color and consistency.
29) Cotton:
Cotton cloth is used to filter solutions during Tuttha Shodhana processes. It assists in removing impurities during steps like Nirmalikaran.
30) Lemon:
Lemon (Nimbu) juice is one of the substances used in the Shodhana process for Tuttha. It helps in detoxifying the mineral to make it suitable for medicinal use.
31) Rupa:
Rupa refers to color. Changes in rupa are observed during Tuttha Shodhana to assess the efficacy of the purification process.
32) Sour:
Sour is the taste associated with substances like Nimbu Swarasa, used in the Shodhana process to purify Tuttha.
33) Pharmacological:
Pharmacological in this context refers to the therapeutic properties of Tuttha, which are enhanced through Shodhana processes.
34) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
Tutthadrava has demonstrated anti-bacterial effects, making it an effective remedy for treating infected vrana (wounds).
35) Khalvayantra (Khalva-yantra):
Khalva-yantra is a grinding apparatus used to powder Tuttha during the preparation for its Shodhana process.
36) Rasajalanidhi (Rasa-jala-nidhi):
Rasajalanidhi is a classical Rasashastra text that mentions alternative sources and preparations of Tuttha, such as using artificial Tuttha when natural Sasyaka is unavailable.
37) Purification:
Purification refers to the Shodhana process, which cleanses, detoxifies, and enhances the efficacy of minerals like Tuttha for medicinal use.
38) Dushtavrana (Dustavrana, Dusta-vrana, Dushta-vrana):
Dushtavrana refers to chronic or infected wounds. Tutthadrava is used for external application on Dushtavrana due to its anti-bacterial properties.
39) Science (Scientific):
Scientific analysis is conducted on Shodhit Tuttha to assess parameters like pH, total ash, and element content, providing a modern understanding of the substance's quality.
40) Krimiroga (Krmiroga, Krimi-roga):
Krimiroga refers to parasitic infections. Purified Tuttha has been used in traditional medicine to treat Krimiroga due to its anti-parasitic properties.
41) Evolution:
The evolution of Rasashastra integrates Vedic knowledge with advancements in the preparation of mineral substances for medical use, exemplified by the complex Shodhana processes.
42) Ayurveda (Ayus-veda):
Ayurveda is the ancient Indian system of medicine, which includes Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana for the preparation and medicinal use of substances like Tuttha.
43) Mandagni (Manda-agni, Mamdagni):
Mandagni refers to mild heat. It is often maintained during boiling and heating processes in the Shodhana of Tuttha to avoid burning or loss of material.
44) Medicine:
Medicine in the context of Rasashastra involves purified substances like Tuttha, used both internally and externally to treat various conditions in traditional medicine.
45) Pottali:
Pottali refers to a bundle created by collecting powdered substances in cloth, used during processes like Swedana in Gomutra for purifying Tuttha.
46) Snigdha:
Snigdha means unctuous or oily. It is a quality observed in certain purified substances, possibly affecting their therapeutic efficacy.
47) Disease:
Purified substances like Tuttha are utilized in traditional medicine to treat a range of diseases, including skin conditions, infections, and wounds.
48) Shabda (Sabda):
Shabda refers to sound. It is one of the parameters used in the Ayurvedic evaluation of substances like Tuttha, though less emphasized compared to other sensory attributes.
49) Bhasma (Bhasman):
Bhasma refers to ash, which results from incinerating metals and minerals in Rasashastra to obtain a fine, safe, and consumable form of medicine.
50) Dadima:
Dadima, or pomegranate, provides its juice (Swarasa) used in the Bhavana process of Tuttha Shodhana, altering the mineral's properties and enhancing its medicinal efficacy.
51) Nature:
Nature in this context refers to the intrinsic qualities of a substance, such as color, texture, and odor, which change following the Shodhana process of Tuttha.
52) Manda (Mamda):
Manda refers to mild heat, used to control the temperature during the Shodhana process in Dola-yantra to ensure that substances like Tuttha are properly purified without degradation.
53) Varga:
Amla varga dravyas like Dadim Swarasa are used in the Bhavana process for Shodhana of Tuttha, affecting the mineral's therapeutic properties.
54) Ayus (Ayush):
AYUSHDHARA is the journal where the study is published, which focuses on AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy) and allied systems.
55) Arshas (Arsa, Arsas, Arsha):
Arsha refers to hemorrhoids or piles. In traditional medicine, purified substances like Tuttha are used for treating conditions such as Arsha due to their therapeutic properties.
56) Veda:
Vedas are ancient Indian scriptures that form the foundation of Ayurveda, which includes practices like the Shodhana of Tuttha described in Rasashastra.
57) Guru:
Guru, meaning heavy, is one of the descriptive qualities observed in the assessment of raw materials like Tuttha before undergoing Shodhana.
58) Amla:
Amla varga includes substances like Dadim Swarasa, which are sour in taste and used in the Bhavana process for detoxifying and purifying minerals like Tuttha.
59) Jala:
Jala, meaning water, is used in many stages of the Shodhana process, such as in the Nirmalikaran of Tuttha to dissolve impurities.
60) Tola:
Dola refers to the process or apparatus used in Swedana, where substances like Tuttha are suspended and heated for purification.
Other Science Concepts:
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Analytical study, Loss on drying, Total ash, Pharmaceutical Study, Shodhana process, Pharmaceutico-analytical study, Acid insoluble ash, Antibacterial study, Nimbu Swarasa, Classical reference, PH measurement, Grahya lakshana, Comparative Pharmaceutical Study, Water insoluble ash, Tuttha Shodhana, Aims and objective, Micro organism.