Essay name: Paumacariya (critical study)
Author:
K. R. Chandra
Affiliation: Research institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa Vaishali
This is a critical study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrasting with the divine portrayal in Valmiki鈥檚 version.
Page 596 of: Paumacariya (critical study)
596 (of 671)
External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)
Download the PDF file of the original publication
LITERARY EVALUATION 567 鈥楾ivitthu' and ' duvitthu' are found in the Samav膩y膩nga (Abhaya -
deva) also. 'Tivitthu' is found in the VH (p. 276 277, 311 ) also.
,
Some instances are observed without the terminations of
Nominative.
Sing. 啶囙啷嵿啶距 啷� [ikkh膩ga 5] /啷�, 啶む啷嵿啶苦い啷嵿い 啷イ啷оガ啷�, 啶氞え啷嵿う啷嬥う啶じ啷傕ぐ啷嬥う啶� 啷エ啷むエ啷�, 啶啶ぐ啶｀お啷佮ぐ
啷ㄠウ.啷оガ啷�,啷оギ啷�),
[2, taccitta 8|168, candodayas奴rodaya 82|25, p墨yara峁嘺pura
20.169,180),
] Plur. 啶涏い啷嵿い啶� 啶囙啶む啶む啶距ぎ啶� 啷イ啷оギ, 啶呧ぐ啶灌え啷嵿い啶膏た啶︵啶� 啷ギ啷むェ啷︵キ, 啶氞え啷嵿う啷嬥う啶じ啷傕ぐ啷嬥う啶� 啷エ.啷оェ啷�.
[chatt膩 ichattac膩mara 4|18, arahantasiddha 48|107, candodayas奴rodaya 82.116.
] In 'garudakesari' 78.42 (Mas. Plu.) the ending vowel is shortened.
This tendency is often seen on occasions of enumeration of the
names of some soldiers, illustrious persons or ancestors of some dynasty.
See also 5.45; 5.147; 56.29, 36; 57.6; 57.9; 71.36.
A few cases are found without terminations of object:-
Acc. Sing. 啶掂た啶侧啶｀ぐ啶ぎ啶�
啷оェ啷�,
啶曕啶掂げ啷佮が啷嵿き啶�
啷оイ啷┼ガ, 啶膏啶膏く
啷ㄠイ啷оウ啷� [惫颈濒墨峁嘺谤补测补尘补濒补
116,
kaivalubbhava
1|36, sa峁僺aya
2|102] ;
啶む啷嵿啶む啶� 啷┼イ啷оォ [taccattha 3|13 ] ; 啶膏ぎ啷嵿ぎ啶距ぃ 啷┼ガ |啷エ
[samm膩峁嘺 36 |42
] Acc Plu. 啶ㄠさ啶げ啷嵿げ啶� 啷оカ | 啷� [navapallava 15 | 2] = ; 啶掂た啶炧啶涏た啶� 啷┼ガ啷むェ啷�.
[vi帽chiya 36|18.
] 鈥楴ami鈥� and 鈥榥emi' 1.6; 'sukhai' 3.11 and 'riu' 6. 82. Masc. Acc. Singular
and 鈥榩adisattu' 20204 Acc. Plural are instances of Masc. Noun ending
in 'i' and 'u' which have retained their basic forms. These instances
are just like Apabhram艣a forms ( See Hem. 8.4.344 ) .
Instances of nominative forms used for accusative are found in
the PCV :-
Mas. Sing. 啶た啶ぞ 啷エ啷むエ啷�, 啶掂ぞ啶侧 ( |啷� ) 啶膏ぞ啶灌じ啶椸 ( 啷ェ 啷оキ, 啷оギ ), 啶え啷嵿い啷�
(啷ガ啷むォ啷�), 啶啶班 啷оウ啷� 啷ォ, 啶膏ぞ啶灌 啷оキ [piy膩 42|27, v膩l墨 ( |6 ) s膩hasaga墨 ( 51 17, 18 ), mant墨
(66|32), mer奴 101 43, s膩h奴 17] /啷ォ,
[43,
] etc. ending in 'a', 'i', 'i' and 'u';
Fem. Sing. 啶ぐ啶灌き啷傕ぎ啷� 啷ギ啷むェ啷� 啶す啷�, 啷� 啷ㄠエ, 啶掂た啶啶� 啷カ啷むガ啷�, 啶оぎ啷嵿ぎ啶啶︵啶о 啷カ.啷�
[marahabh奴m墨 78|13 mah墨, 8 22, vim奴墨 75|64, dhammabuddh墨 65.6
] ending in 'i';
Fem Sing. 啶溹ぞ 啷оエ啷むェ啷� ( [j膩 12|16 ( ] III Pronoun).
Indeclinable 'K膩ranatth膩' is usen for 'K膩ranattham' 5.87 and
'niggantha' for ' nigganthar' 103.106. It is a tendency of changing
short vowel with Anusv膩ra into long vowel. It is common in
Apabhram艢a ( See Lil膩vai, Int. p. 81 ).
It is found in the PCV (by analysing Chs. 15,28,46,52,75 & 78)
that Fem. nouns ending in 'a' and 'i', '1', 'u', 'a' retain their basic
forms in Acc. Sing at the rate of 25% respectively. Examples:-
啶ぁ啶苦ぎ啶� 啷イ啷оォ啷�, 啶く啶� 啷оウ啷むカ啷�, 啶啶た 啷ガ啷むェ啷� 啶侧啶曕ぞ啶ㄠく啶班 啷イ啷ㄠギ啷� 啶す啶苦ぃ啷�
啷┼ガ啷カ, 啶班ぃ啶曕ぃ啷嵿ぁ啷� 啷ェ啷むキ.
[pa岣峣m膩 5|136, pay膩 10|53, bh奴mi 66|17 la峁僰膩nayar墨 8|285 bahi峁嚹�
3665, ra峁嘺ka峁囜笉u 71|7.
]
