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Essay name: Paumacariya (critical study)

Author: K. R. Chandra
Affiliation: Research institute of Prakrit, Jainology and Ahimsa Vaishali

This is a critical study of the Paumacariya: the earliest Jain version of Rama's life story, written in Prakrit by Vimalasuri dating to the 4th century AD. In this text, Rama (referred to as Padma) is depicted with lotus-like eyes and a blooming face. The Paumacariya places emphasis on the human aspects of characters rooted in Jain values, contrasting with the divine portrayal in Valmiki’s version.

Page 270 of: Paumacariya (critical study)

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270 (of 671)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


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SOURCES, CONTRIBUTION AND INFLUENCE OF PCV. 241 planning of some episodes and of having used words and phrases on
identical situations. (i) Some proper names which were very popular
in the VR could not be foresaken by Vimalasūri though they sound.
peculiar in tne PCV.
Aparajita's son is named Padma but he is addressed as Rāma
also and that too for many times more than Padma. Further he is
called Raghava, Raghunatha, Raghuttama and Raghupati, though for
a very few times.
Anangalavaṇa and Madanāṅkuśa are the birth-names of the
sons of Rāma, but these names occur four and five times respectively,
whereas Lavaṇa and Ankuśa for 37 and 49 times and Kusa for
21 and 6 times respectively.
Bhānukarna is often called Kumbhakarna.
Hanu and Śrīśaila are the two names of Hanuman but he is
often called Māruti, Pavanaputra, Pavanasuta, Pavanatanaya,
Vāyukumāra, Marutsuta and Marutnandana. He is called Plavaga
and Kapi also. His speed is compared with a fiery gale (caṇḍāṇila-
sarisajavo 52.28).
and
Hanu's father Pavanañjaya is called Pavanagati, Pavanavega
Pavana also. The name Añjanāsundarī occurs thrice only
whereas Añjanā for many times.
Sugrīva is called Kapivṛṣabha also though once only (48.33).
Sutārā, wife of Sugrīva is addressed as Tārā also.
Vidyadhara Maya, the father-in-law of Rāvana, is twice addre-
ssed as Maya-Dānava (75.7; 77.66).
Rāvaṇa is a Vidyadhara Rākṣasa but at 69.10 he is called
Danujendra (Daṇuinda).
caras.
The Rākṣasas are sometimes called as, Niśācaras and Rajanī-
Indra is a Vidyadhara king, but he is often called as Surapati,
Surādhipa, Surendra, Suranātha and Śakra and his army as Sura-
sainya and Surānīka (Chs. 12-13).
Sāhasagati who claims Tārā is a Vidyadhara, but he is called
Duṭṭha-māyāvī-dāṇava also (10.3; 46.13). (In the VR a certain
Māyavī Dānava had enmity with Vāli for a certain woman).
(ii) Certain points of some episodes have basic similarity in
both the works:-
The way Kaikasī became the wife of the father of Rāvaṇa.
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