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The following family relationships are referred to in the Paumacariyam:Whenever there is an opportunity of joy or sorrow in the family on occasion of some social function or religious festivity or political 1. 77, 96-98.

SOCIAL CONDITIONS 337 occasion, the Paumacariya refers to some combined relationship taking part in them. That relationship is denoted by 'Svajana'=kinship relations, 'Parijana' or 'Parivarga'-dependent members of the family, Bandhujana' or 'Bandhuvarga'-brethren in general and 'Pariyara-Paricara' (28. 105) = attendants and servants. A wide sphere of various individual family-relations mentioned in the Paumacariya are as follows:- Relations:-Mother-Maya (Mata 50.20) Mai (99. 41), Janani (Janani 45. 44); Father-Vitta (Pita 50. 20), Pii (45. 44), Piu (99. 41), Taya (Tata 110. 32), Piyara (Pita 53. 17; 34. 56; 31. 110); Parents= Piyara (Pita 99.39); Grandfather-Piyamaha (Pitamaha 7.152); Son Putta (Putra 4.5.9), Suya (Suta 50. 11), Nandana (Nandana 45. 40); the elder son as Jetthaputta (Jyesthaputra 77. 104) and the younger one as Kanittha (Kanistha 47. 43); Daughter = Duhiya (Duhita 95. 18), Tanaya (Tanaya 80. 54), Dhuya (Duhita 98. 20), Nandini (Nandini 63. 7), Suya (Suta 95.16); Brother=Bhai (Bhrata 45. 44), Bhaya (21. 45); Bandhu (46. 14), Bandhava (111. 1), Bhayara (99. 40); the uterine brother as Ekkoyara (Ekkodara 11.23) or Sahoyara (Sahodara (49. 7); the elder one as Jettha (38. 48; 45. 17; 63. 9) or Gurava (Guru 45.23); Sister Bahini (Bhagini 99.42), Bhaini (10.80), the uterine sister as Ekkoyara (Ekkodara 30. 55) or Sahoyari (Sahodari 9.10); Husband= Bhattara (Bharta 8.33; 31. 125), Kanta (Kanta 10 38), Daia (Dayita 49. 4; 80. 56), Piya (Priya 77. 93; 56.14), Dhaniya (Dhanika 42.22); Wife Patti (Patni 14.14), Bhajja (Bharya 21.43), Kanta (Kanta 45. 9), Daia (Dayita 68. 37), Piya. (Priya 77. 99), Gehini (Grhini 45. 33), Gharini (77. 1), Mahiliya (Mahila 45. 23); Father-in-law = Sasura (Svasura 71.45; Son-in-law = Jamauya (Jamatr 24. 20); Daughter-inlaw=Sunha (Snusa 95.20); Wife's brother=Sala (Syala 77, 98; 88. 29); Husband's brother=the younger as Deyara (Devara 63.12); Mother's father=Mayamaha (Matamaha 50.14); Ajjaa (Aryaka 50. 2); Mother's parents- Mayamaha-juvalaya (99.46); Mother's brother= Mama (99.46), Mamaya (Mamaka 63.28); Father-in-law also addressed (24. 22); and Sister's son = Bhainejja (Bhagineya 99. 30). == as Mama = Friends The winder social circle included the friends also as relations. They are called Mitta-Mitra (12.10; 15.52) and Sahi Sakhi (48.21) or Sahiya = Sakhika (31.104; 17,8), as female-friend. 1. sayana 17. 27, pariyana 4-10, 94-95, pasumantisayana pariyanna 63. 27, mayapiyaputtasayana parivaggam 3. 135, pariyanasamantabandhujana 38. 51, sesabandhavajana 30, 81, bandhuvagga 6. 235, 22

338 A CRITICAL STUDY OF PAUMACARIYAM Guest (Atihi ):-They included the guests and the strangers to whom hospitality was to be accorded in a befitting manner. Hospitality is prescribed to be one of the religious duties of a householder (14.115). Providing seat, wishing of one's good health and arranging for the bath and meals were the traditional manners that a host was required to show to a guest (15.34, 35; 19.17,18; 33.3; 91; 34.8, 13; 36.38).