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The Structural Temples of Gujarat
The Nardiya Pur膩峁嘺* (12th Cent A. D.) 9 8 treats only
the construction of temples, reservoirs, wells and tanks in one
chapter (Part I, ch. XIII.)
Other Uppura峁嘺s like the Brahmavaivarta, the Vamana, the
Var膩ha, the Hariva峁僺a, the Devibh膩gavata, the Kalki, the Siva and
the Samba puranas have briefly touched the subject matter of
architecture and sculpture, but no specific details about temple
architecture are found in these works.
(j) 膧GAMAS.
The Agamas and the Tantras deal with mystical worship
of 艢iva and Sakti, Agama contribution to Silpa 艢膩str膩 is more
extensive and technical than that of the Pur膩峁嘺s. Some of the
Agamas to all intents and purposes are but architectural
treatises. For instance K膩mik膩gama, out of its total seventy-five
chapters, devotes sixty chapters to architecture and sculpture.
Dr. Acharya remarks: "But, unlike the Pur膩nas there is in
the K膩mik膩gama a discussion of architectural matters under
some very highly technical classifications, such as the styles,
N膩gara, Dr膩vida and Vesara: Shapes, masculine, faminine,
neutar; Suddha, Mi艣ra and Sankir峁嘺, depending respectively on
a single material, mixture of two materials, and the amalgamation
of many materials; Sauchita, Asauchita, Apasauchita otherwise
known as Sth膩naka, 膧sana and Sayana, which in case of temples
depend on the erect, sitting and reclining postures of the image.
Another very technical matter referred to is Ayadi formulas,
very important in selecting the right proportions. 96
Out of the 28 Maha-Agamas, the five 膧gamas viz. A峁兣泆mada-
bhed膩gama, K膩mik膩gama, Kara峁嚹乬ama, Vaikh膩nas膩gama and
Suprebhed膩gama have special refrence to architecture and
cognate arts.
*
Bombay Edition.
95. Shastri D. K. 鈥楶ur膩峁嘺 Vivecana' p. 233.
96. Dr. P. K. Acharya: 'Hindu Architecture in India & Abroad'
(Mansara series Vol. VI) Ch. III p. 86.