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In some mantra of the 峁欢惫别诲补蝉补峁僫迟腻, there is a mention of the river 骋辞尘补迟墨.^[1] In the other 厂补峁僪颈迟腻蝉, there is no mention of 骋辞尘补迟墨 river. 骋辞尘补迟墨 is celebrated river of Pur膩峁噄c fame and this river is worshipped as a goddess. Another name of 骋辞尘补迟墨 is 碍补耻艣颈办墨.^[2] According to 叠丑腻驳补惫补迟补辫耻谤腻峁嚹�, the 骋辞尘补迟墨 river is one of India鈥檚 transcendental rivers.^[3] It is modern Gomit that joins the Ganges between Benaras and Ghazipur.^[4]

The 骋补峁単腻, 驰补尘耻苍腻, Ramga峁単膩, and 骋辞尘补迟墨 are the rivers of West 骋补峁単腻 Plains of India. They are characterized by deep, stable and inscribed ditch and low discharge per unit area as well as low sediment yield. The 骋辞尘补迟墨 river is unique in that it is both rain and ground water-fed. The other major tributaries of the 骋补峁単腻 in this region are snow-fed rivers originating in the Himalayas. The 骋辞尘补迟墨 river joins the river 骋补峁単腻 at Kaithi Ghat near Varanasi.

The 骋辞尘补迟墨 River is a major source of drinking water for more than 3.5 million people but declining river flows and increased discharge of pollutants in recent years have led to a decline in water quality. Flow volumes in the 骋辞尘补迟墨 and its tributaries have decreased in recent years, and in the same period pollution loads have increased due to urbanization and waste water discharge. Ground water levels have also decreased as monsoon rainfall declines and deforestation sweeps the region. Many of the 骋辞尘补迟墨鈥檚 tributaries that used to be ceaseless have become seasonal rivers, dry during the non-monsoon seasons. The reduction inflow in its tributaries has led to reduce water flow in the 骋辞尘补迟墨 itself. Climate change and neotectonics may have also contributed to the changing regime of the river and reduced discharge.

Still today, rivers are treated as holy places. Various temples are built on the banks of the different rivers. The confluence of the rivers is considered sacred place. In Hindu tradition, Triveni Sangam is the 鈥榗onfluence鈥� of three rivers. This point of confluence is a sacred place for Hindus, with a bath here said to flush away all of one鈥檚 sin and free one from the cycle of rebirth. One such Triveni Sangam in Allahabad was called 鈥淧rayagraj鈥�. But, now a days the whole Allahabad city is known as 鈥楶rayagraj.鈥� It has the confluence of three rivers. This place has a religious importance and every twelve years Kumbha Mela is held here. Over the years, it has also been the site of immersion of funeral ashes.

The 骋补峁単腻 is India鈥檚 most important and iconic river. The sprawling 骋补峁単腻 basin, an area of 860000 sq km spread across 11 states, is the world鈥檚 most populous river basin. The basin provides more than one third of India鈥檚 surface water, 90 percent of which is used for irrigation. As India鈥檚 holiest river, the 骋补峁単腻 has a cultural and spiritual significance that far transcends the basin鈥檚 boundaries. It is worshipped as a living goddess and, since time immemorial people from across the country have flocked to the many historic temple towns that lie along the river鈥檚 banks to pray and bathe in its flowing waters.

Despite this iconic status and religious heritage, the 骋补峁単腻 today is facing formidable pollution pressures, along with the attendant threats to biodiversity and environmental sustainability. An evergrowing population, together inadequately planned urbanization and industrialization, has affected the quality of the river鈥檚 water. Recently, the Government of India in the year 2014 has initiated many projects to rejuvenate the 骋补峁単腻 river. The World Bank is supporting the Government of India in its effort to rejuvenate the 骋补峁単腻 river. The 鈥楴ational 骋补峁単腻 River Basin Project鈥� is helping the 鈥楴ational 骋补峁単腻 River Basin Authority鈥� (NGRBA) to build institutional capacity for rejuvenating the river. The National Mission for Clean 骋补峁単腻 (NMCG), the operational wing of the NGRBA, has been set up to coordinate the river鈥檚 clean up programme.^[5]

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

峁欢惫别诲补 厂补峁僪颈迟腻, 5.62.19;8.25.30;10.75.6;8.24.30

[2]:

Bh膩gavata Pur膩峁嘺.,10.79.9

[3]:

Ibid., 5.19.17-18

[4]:

Bhagawati,Ghana kanta, The Bhagawat Purana, A Socio-cultural Study, p.323

[5]:

http://www.globalwaterforum.Org