Svarabhakti according to the 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ� [Part 6]

Some Important Shiksha Vedangas (study)

by Mala Laha | 2021 | 31,647 words

This page relates 鈥楽varabhakti according to the Manduki Shiksha鈥� of the study dealing with Shiksha Vedangas鈥攁 crucial component of Vedic literature focusing on phonetics and pronunciation in ancient texts. The researched texts include the Paniniya, Yajnavalkya and Naradi Shiksas, among others. The study also investigates historical phonological transformations between Sanskrit and Pali, exploring the evolution of sounds and pronunciation.

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Part 6 - Svarabhakti according to the 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�

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Svarabhakti means part of a vowel or appearance of a consonant as a vowel. It is the character of a vowel borned by a consonant.

A clear definition is given by the author of 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�鈥�

啶夃し啷嵿ぎ啶膏啶ム 啶い啷嵿ぐ啶︵啶多啶啶む 啶膏啶掂ぐ啶掂ぐ啷嵿ぃ啷� 啶膏啶掂ぐ啷嬥う啷屶イ
啶嬥啶掂ぐ啷嵿ぃ啷� 啶むぅ啶� 啶溹啶炧啶 啶膏啶掂ぐ啶啷嵿い啷€啶むた啶膏啶膏啶ムた啶む啷�

u峁asthau yatra d峁浥泍ete svaravar峁嘺u svarodau|
峁涐阜var峁嘺u tath膩 j帽eyau svarabhakt墨ti sa峁僺thitau||

(惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨艣ik峁Ｄ�, 99)

According to 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�, Svarabhakti occurs after 鈥�峁�鈥� or 鈥�岣�鈥� when they are followed by a fricative. For example 鈥�惫补谤峁鈥� will be pronounced as 惫补谤颈峁.

啶班啶啶粪啶ぃ啶距 啶膏啶啶椸 啶膏啶掂ぐ啶啷嵿い啶苦ぐ啶曕啶むぎ啶多啶掂啶掂イ
啶むい啷嵿ぐ啷嬥う啶距す啶班ぃ啶距え啶� 啶啶班う啶班啶多え啶� 啶掂ぐ啷嵿し啷� 啶掂ぐ啷嵿す啶苦ざ啷嵿啷�

repho峁a峁嚹佱箖 sa峁儁oge svarabhaktiraktama艣vaiva|
tatrod膩hara峁嚹乶i pradar艣ana峁� var峁 varhi艣ca||

(惭腻峁囜笉奴办墨艣ik峁Ｄ�, 105)

The close connection of Svarabhakti with a succeeding fricative is mentioned by the 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�^[1].

The 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补艢颈办峁Ｄ� also admits this subject鈥�

啶班げ啶距き啷嵿く啶距 啶ぐ啶娻し啷嵿ぎ啶距ぃ啷� 啶い啷嵿ぐ啶膏啶啶� 啶膏啶掂ぐ啶苦い啷嬥う啶ぞ啶冟イ
啶膏啶掂ぐ啶啷嵿い啶苦ぐ啶膏 啶溹啶炧啶ぞ啶啶班啶掂ぎ啶距啷嵿ぐ啶啶� 啶啷嵿く啶む啷�

ral膩bhy膩峁� para 奴峁膩峁噊 yatra syu岣� svaritoday膩岣
svarabhaktirasau j帽ey膩 p奴rvam膩kramya pa峁環yate||

(艢颈办峁Ｄ乻a峁僩raha, p. 17)

As regards the pronunciation of Svarabhakti, some of the 艢颈办峁Ｄ� give us interesting data. According to the Ke艣av墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�^[2] the Svarabhakti vowel should be pronounced like 鈥�e鈥�, thus `惫补谤峁鈥� was to be pronounced 鈥�惫补谤别峁鈥�. However according to Loma艣墨艣ik峁Ｄ�, svarabhakti was to be pronounced like 鈥渁鈥�^[3]. Both the 驰腻箩帽补惫补濒办测补艢颈办峁Ｄ�^[4] and the 惭腻峁囜笉耻办墨艢颈办峁Ｄ�^[5] prohibit that it is one type of defective pronunciation of Svarabhakti. According to this authorities the correct pronunciation of Svarabhakti was like 鈥�i鈥�. So that 鈥�惫补谤峁鈥� was to be pronounced as 鈥�惫补谤颈峁鈥�.