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贰办腻尘谤补 肠补苍诲谤颈办腻, an orthodox text states about the geographical situation of the 贰办腻尘谤补 碍峁�e迟谤补 (Bhubaneshwar) that, this 碍峁�e迟谤补 starts from Kha峁囜笉agiri to 碍耻峁囜笉濒别艣惫补谤补 惭补丑腻诲别惫补 and from Balahadevi to Bahira峁単e艣vara mah膩deva and Ku峁囜笉ale艣vara 惭补丑腻诲别惫补 and from Balahadevi to Bahira峁単e艣vara 惭补丑腻诲别惫补 and formed a circle and gives auspicious result and placed different types of sacred 迟墨谤迟丑补蝉 famous as an incomparable 艢补颈惫补 碍峁�e迟谤补 in the world. The shadow of this Mango tree of the 碍峁�e迟谤补 is extended up to one mile. The branches of this tree are extended from 厂耻苍诲补谤别艣惫补谤补 (the 艢颈惫补 installed in modern Sundarpada village) to Meghe艣vara Mah膩dev (near 叠谤补丑尘别艣惫补谤补 Patna) and formed a 惭补峁囜笉补濒补 like shape.^[1]

The name Bhubaneshwar was well known from the 骋补峁単补 period, although other names were also attributed to this 碍峁�e迟谤补 during that Phase.^[2] During this period Bhubaneswar was known as 贰办腻尘谤补ka, K墨rtiv膩sa-碍峁�e迟谤补, Tribhubaneswar, Svarnakutagiri and Lord Li峁単ar膩ja 碍峁�e迟谤补. There are also literary descriptions contained in the classical and regional Literature, which states that, Bhubaneshwar was previously known as 贰办腻尘谤补 碍峁�e迟谤补, (碍腻苍补苍补惫补苍补), 厂惫腻谤峁嚹乨谤墨, 贬别尘补办耻峁璦, 碍谤墨迟迟颈惫腻蝉补 or K墨rtiv膩sa Kataka and Gupta 碍腻艣墨 or 痴腻谤补峁嚹乻墨.^[3]

Inscriptions of the 骋补峁単补 period unmistakably refer to K墨rtiv膩sa as the presiding deity of the 碍峁�e迟谤补 as well as the name of the 碍峁�e迟谤补. Also, during this period, the name 贰办腻尘谤补ka the ancient most name of Bhubaneshwar in ancient time and subsequently other names (碍谤墨迟迟颈惫腻蝉补, Tribhubaneshwar and Li峁単ar膩ja-Bhubaneshwar) were given to that sacred site.

Many eminent and renowned historians and archaeologists like, W.W. Hunter, M.M Ganguli, A. Stirli峁単a, J. Fergusion, R.L. Mitra, M.M. Chakravarti, R.P Chanda, Percy Brown, V. Dehija and Walter Smith and others have done their research and presented a very good trust worthy account from their stand points. There are Upapus in Odisha describing about the 贰办腻尘谤补 碍峁�e迟谤补 or morden Bhubaneswar. These are 贰办腻尘谤补 笔耻谤腻峁嘺, Kapila 厂补峁僪颈迟腻, 厂惫补谤峁嚹乨谤颈 Mahodaya and 鈥�贰办腻尘谤补Candrik膩鈥�, and 鈥�厂惫补谤峁嚹乨谤颈 Mahodaya鈥� are small in comparision to others. Though 贰办腻尘谤补 笔耻谤腻峁嘺 was published in 1928 by Rathakara Gargabatu, It had some printing mistakes. So after some years Prof. Upendra nath Dhala, the former Professor of PG. Department of Sanskrit, Utkal University edited this with English preface and Published it in 1986.

This book was published by Nag publication and it is praised by many Sanskrit scholars of the world. Similarly, 鈥�Kapila 厂补峁僪颈迟腻鈥� was published by Ratnakara Gargabatu in 1928. Subsequently it was published by Chaukhamba publication Ban膩ras in the name of 鈥�Kapila 笔耻谤腻峁嘺鈥� 鈥�Svarn膩dr墨 Mahodaya鈥� also published in 1912 by late Ratnakara Gargabatu.

鈥�贰办腻尘谤补 颁丑补苍诲谤颈办腻鈥� was published by Sri Radharamana book store, Ctc, written by Ratnakara Gargabatu in 1931. Now it is available is some old library in Odisha.

In 1995 Sri Nilamani Mishra translated 鈥�贰办腻尘谤补 颁丑补苍诲谤颈办腻鈥� in odia by the ptronisation of Ked膩rn膩tha Gabeshana Pratisthan, Bhubaneshwar. Though regarding the naming of 鈥淏hubaneswar鈥� is not found in any archaeological evidences till now but it described as 鈥�贰办腻尘谤补 碍峁�e迟谤补鈥� in different 笔耻谤腻峁嘺s, Upapus and inscriptions of ancient and medieval period of Odisha. There is mention of 鈥�贰办腻尘谤补鈥� in Anugul copper plate grant of Shanti Karadeva, the Brahme艣var temple inscription of Somava峁兣浤� queen Kalavati devi and Ananta 痴腻蝉耻诲别惫补 temple inscription of 骋补峁単补 princess 颁丑补苍诲谤颈办腻 顿别惫墨 Subsequently Lord Kirtib膩sa-Li峁単ar膩ja in the name Tribhubaneshwar Popularised this place as 鈥淏hubaneshwar鈥�.

The Uniqueness of the city of Bhubaneshwar is that ithas continuous history from Pre-historic Period to modern present days capital of Odisha. The temple towns like Aihole, Mah膩baliPuram and Khajuaho can boast of possessing a number of historical monuments, but they cannot boast of possessing a history as varied and wide as that of Bhubaneswar. Such places of culture as Pa峁璦liputra (Patna) and Baranasi (Banaras) can claim to have a long and varied history, but they cannot boast of possessing such a remarkable series of ancient monuments as Bhubaneshwar^[4] can do.

Traditionally it is believed that, in the 罢谤别迟腻测补测耻驳补 艢颈惫补 wishing to retire from the hubbub and sin of overcrowded Banaras sought the advice of N膩rad and at the suggestion of that sage took up this quiet, secluded, delightful retreat for his abode.^[5]

Footnotes and references:

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[1]:

贰办腻尘谤补 颁丑补苍诲谤颈办腻 (odia),p-107

[2]:

Bhubaneswar Inscriptions of Anantaverman Chodaga峁単a Deva,EI,Vol.XXX,I,P.29-32

[3]:

Bhubaneshwar Abhilekha,p.33

[4]:

Archeological Remains at Bhubaneswar,p.178

[5]:

Temples legends of Orissa, p.3