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Essay name: Devi Tantra, Mantra, Yantra (study)

Author: Srider Basudevan Iyer
Affiliation: University of Mumbai / Sanskrit, University Department

This essay studies the history of Devi (the Goddess) in relation with worship using Tantra, Yantra and Mantra. The study explores the concept of the 'Female Principle' or Goddess, examining her role and significance in ancient Indian society.

Chapter 4 - Worship and The Worshipper

Page:

23 (of 95)


External source: Shodhganga (Repository of Indian theses)


Download the PDF file of the original publication


Warning! Page nr. 23 has not been proofread.

Worship & worshipper 324 referred to as Latā. Worship is offered to one's wife who is considered at par
with the goddess. Women as spouses play an active part in tantra worship.
The spouse is referred to as the Sakti of the Sadhaka in tantric terminology.
Women have been accorded an exalted place. Every woman is stated to be
stated to be born in the Kula or the family of the great mother. Even if a
woman is guilty of a hundred faults, she should not be beaten even with a
flower. One should make known only her virtues³2. It is stated that one
should never disclose the faults of a woman. A man should not hit a woman
even with a flower even if she commits many mistakes. It is said that even in
an impure state, a woman is pure. A kaula woman of a young age should be
honoured with cloth, food, flowers etc... before the tantric ritual. She should
be honoured with respect. If she is disregarded, the goddess too is enraged³³.
It is stated that, "the houses which have disrespected women and are cursed
by women will be doomed as if by witchcraft 34". Between a man and a
woman; it is a woman who is indeed worthy of honour, because, it is the
woman alone who after the death of her husband, boldly preserve their
chastity continuing a state of widowhood³. Further, Vyāsa states that, a
woman who is chaste and innocent, who eats pure meals, is of sweet speech,
and is fondly attached to her husband, is known as the goddess of wealth 36.
Tantra is seen to be practiced among the four castes of the social
division prevalent at that time. A special feature of the tantra mode of
worship is the active and wholehearted involvements of both the members.
The wives of the members of the four castes are referred to as sarva-
32 KuT 11.64,65.
33 NT.ch.16
34 Br.Sam. 74.10.
35 Br.Sam. 74.14.
36 Br.Sam.78. note to the english translation by N.C.Iyer

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