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The Kautsavya-nirukta-nighantu鈥擳丑别 Nighantus may be regarded as constituting one of the earliest aids towards the exegesis of the Veda. They bring together nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs etc. having simibar sense and thus explain the meanings of words. The Nighantu ascribed to Yaska is well-known in this respect, as also his Nirukta. The present Kautsavya-Nighantu is a text of similar kind and it occasionally adds a word or two

666 which are not found in Yaska's nighantavah. Of the merits of this Nighantu it is impossible to form an adequate estimate. The nature of the text renders it particularly liable to corruption. Hence we find in this text a not inconsiderable number of meaningless words for which a convincing emendation cannot be found. 39 We find that the first word of every gana is repeated and its meaning is given at the end of that gana. 40 It can be seen that the present Nighantu differs from that of Yaska in certain formal peculiarities, in the omission of part of the material, 41 in a very different system of arrangement and in adding a small amount of new material. "There are besides a few variants which commend themselves intrinsically or are reported by Yaska's commentators", 42 A list of verbs meaning 'to protect (rakse, section 14 end)', a list of nouns expressing 'sin (aghasya, section 63), and a list of words meaning 'abdomen (udarasya, section 80) these ganas are not found in Yaska. 43 The only part of this Nighantu, which seems specifically Atharvanic, is a 39. Such words have been enclosed in 00 brackets in the Devanagari text given in part III of this Thesis. 40. However, the meaning is not given at the end of the gana 115. 41. The words in the sections III.12,13,22 and V.3 of Yaska's Nighantu are not found here. 嘟� 42. Bolling and Negelein, intro. to Atharvaveda-Parisistas 484, p.306. 43. Cf. Bloomfield, "On the so-called Nirukta of Kautsavya", Journal of the American Oriental Society XV, pp. xlviii f.

667 considerably long list of words (section 116) which are called anekarthah and are added to the usual list of nighantavah. This Parisista has incorporated some Nirukta-matter also (sections 132-148) which is in a form closely related to Yaska. The following table will show the ganas in the Nighantu of Kautsavya which are similar to those of Yaska. Kautsavya Yaska Kautsavya Yaska 2 3.11 67 3.2 (second part) 68 3.3 10 11 12 13 嘟� 嘟� 嘟� 嘟� 嗉� 2.6 69 3.28 4-9 3.14 70 3.27 3.5 71 3.10 3.21 72 1.1 3.19 73. 2.16 3.20 74 1.7 14-17 2.8 75 1.12 18 2.12-13 76 1.13 19 2.19 77 3.23 20 1.16-17 78 2.3 21 2.21 79 3.7 22-59 2.14 81 2.4 60 3.30 82 2.5 61 2.1 8 a 3.24 62. 3.8 84 3.9 64. 3.6 85-86 3.15 66 3.1 87 2.2

668 Kautsavya Yaska Kautsavya Yaska 68 2.7 105 2.17 89 3.4 106 2.15 90 2.10 107 3.25 91 1.2 108 1.4 92 2.11 109 3.26 93 1.14 110 1.8 94 1.15 111 1.9 (first part) 95 3.17 111 (end)-112 1.5 96 3.18 113 2.22 97 3.16 114 4.1-2 (in part) 98 1.3 99 1.6 100-101 1.10 SI 115-116 4.3 (first part) 121-125 5.1-2 126-128 3.29 102 1.11 137 5.4 103 2.9 139 5.5 104 2.20 142-148 5.6 Caturadhyayika GOLEG